Suppose the average BMI of Hispanic boys is higher than that for Caucasian boys. Is BMI a confounder of the association between ethnic group and hypertension? If so, is it a positive or negative confounder? 

One issue is that BMI, which may vary among ethnic groups, is positively related to hypertension. Hence, a second logistic regression model was run, as shown in Table 13.55.

Table 13.55 Relationship between hypertension, ethnic group, and BMI among 27,009 boys in the Pediatric Task Force Data

 

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Variable Regression coefficient se -4.277 Intercept African American Hispanic BMI (kg/m?) 0.090 0.009 0.186 0.042 0.060 0.107 0.004