The table below shows government spending data over eight years in Debtland. All figures are in billions of dollars. The symbols used are as defined in the text.

a. Compute Debtland's budget deficit in each year and complete column 4 in the table. (Since we are computing the deficit, a negative number indicates a surplus.)

b. Compute Debtland's primary budget deficit in each year and complete column 5 in the table.

c. Suppose the initial stock of debt (in 200 9) was \(\$ 400 \) billion. Noting that the deficit in 201 0 adds to the existing stock of debt, what is the stock of debt by the end of 201 0?

d. Compute the stock of debt for each year and complete column 6 in the table.

e. Suppose you know that Debtland's debt-to-GDP ratio was the same in 201 7 as in 200 9. By what percentage did GDP grow between 200 9 and 201 7?

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Primary Stock Budget Budget of G TiD Deficit Deficit Debt Year (1) (2) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 2010 175 175 25 2011 180 180 26 2012 185 185 27 2013 188 190 26 2014 185 195 25 2015 185 200 24 2016 180 205 23 2017 175 210 22