5. Knowing the sample mean and standard deviation for a continuous variable allows you to estimate the range of values for that variable in the population the sample came from.

True

False

6. If you see a strong, positive association between two variables, it is appropriate to conclude that there must be a causal association between the variables.

True

False

7. If a difference between two groups is statistically significant, it means that the difference is important and meaningful.

True

False

8. All of Bradford Hill's criteria must be met to prove that there is a causal association between two variables.

True

False

9. Which of the following is not a measure of effect size?

A. Mean difference

B. P value

C. Relative Risk

D. Correlation coefficient