A large quantity of a highly viscous monomer solution with a specific gravity of 0.944 and viscosity of 0.251 N s m-2 is stored in a large tank held under atmospheric pressure. To prevent a known problem of stratification of the solution within the tank over long periods, the monomer is periodically recirculated using a small external pump through a smooth-walled pipeline that is 30 m in length and has an internal diameter of 75 mm. Determine the power requirement of the pump if the recirculation rate is 15 tons per hour and the pump has an overall efficiency of 65%. Allow for entrance and exit losses (1.5 velocity heads) in which the pipe has twelve 90-degree elbows and three open gate valves of 0.7 and 0.15 velocity heads each, respectively. It is proposed to pump 10,000 Kg/h of toluene at 114C and 1.1 atm abs pressure from the reboiler of a distillation tower to a second distillation unit without cooling the toluene before it enters the pump. If the friction loss in the line between the reboiler and pump is 7 kN/m2 and the density of toluene is 866 kg/m3, how far above the pump must the liquid level in the reboiler be maintained to give a net positive suction head of 2.5 m? Natural gas having a specific gravity relative to air of 0.6 and a viscosity of 0.011 CP is flowing through a 6 in. Schedule 40 pipe in which is installed a standard sharp-edged orifice equipped with flange taps. The gas is at 100F and 20 lbf/in2 abs at the upstream tap. The manometer reading is 46.3 in. of water at 60 F. The ratio of specific heats for natural gas is 1.30. The diameter of the orifice is 2.00 in. Calculate the rate of flow of gas through the line in cubic feet per minute based on pressure of 14.4 lbf/in2 and a temperature of 60F. Ammonia at 10C and 1 atm is compressed to 5 atm in a single-stage adiabatic compressor. The flow rate is 50 Kg/h. (a) Calculate the exit temperature and the power required for an ideal compressor. (b) If the compressor is 80 percent efficient, what are the power and the exit temperature?