$By$ default, all cell references $in$ Excel are relative and change when copied. $To$ make a cell reference $absolute,$ you add

Question $2$ options:

$a$ $ $(dollar$ sign$)in$ front $of$ the column reference.

$a$ $ $(dollar$ sign$)in$ front $of$ the column and row reference.

$a$ $ $(dollar$ sign$)in$ front $of$ the column $or$ row reference.

$a$ $ $(dollar$ sign$)in$ front $of$ the row reference.