Operating System Questions and Answers May 07, 2021

. Model the following business process for handling down payments: The process for handling down payments starts when a request for payment has been approved. It involves entering the down payment request into the system, the automatic subsequent payment, emission of the direct invoice and the clearance of the vendor line items. The clearing of

Is a high quality product more or less expensive than a poor quality product? Consider all five costs of quality before you answer and explain why.

You were hired by a group of investors to buy merchandise accessories for their small, four-store chain of infant apparel shops, and you're planning a buying trip to AmericasMart Atlanta (Atlanta Apparel). This new product classification is to complement and reflect their prestigious, unique merchandise assortments, which are targeted toward

Draw a bpm model of the following. (DO NOT DESCRIBE IT, JUST STEP BY STEP MODEL) An order handling process starts when an order is received. The order is first registered. If the current date is not a working day, the process waits until the following working day before proceeding. Otherwise, an availability check is performed and a purchase order

ZPharma Co., a pharmaceutical company, sells three different products Zdiet, a Weight Loss Medication, Zataflam, a NonSteroidal AntiInflammatory and Zolymox, an Antibiotic. Due to a new government regulation regarding pricing medications, suppose that the prices of these products have increased as follows Zdiet (25), Zataflam, (20) and Zolymox,

The figure below shows one side of a container with a removable top in two required positions. Find the locations of acceptable ground pivots (Ao, Bo) of a fourbar linkage that will guide the top through these two positions without interfering with the side of the container. The ground locations must be inside the container, and the links must not

Because commercial banks accept FDIC deposits, the Federal Reserve regulates commercial banks in order to minimize A) insider trading. B) adverse selection. C) toobigtofail problems. D) moral hazard.

Describe any FIVE (5) new tasks you want operating systems to do in the future

Describe any FIVE (5) environmental problems caused by computers.

You purchase a certain product. The manual states that the lifetime T of the product, defined as the amount of time (in years) the product works properly until it breaks down, satisfies P(T2t)e5t, forall 20 . For example, the probability that the product lasts more than (or equal to) 2 years is P (T2t)e52 0.703. I purchase the product and use it

Determine the best linear predicter, its mean square error, and the multiple correlation coefficient for the given mean vector 2 and covariance matrix 10 1 11 17 3 1 3 2

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOL UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2022/2023 FIRST YEAR, FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATIONSCIM 107: SELF MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP(MAIN CAMPUS - REGULAR)INSTRUCTIONS:TIME: 2 HRS: 30 MINS Answer Question ONE and any other TWO questions from section B.SECTION A COMPULSORY 1. Briefly describe the following: (a) Self-management in

Market for gasoline in Dane County, Wisconsin is given by the following equations PMC 4 0.01 Q PMB 10 0.005 Q Where units of quantity (Q) and price (P) are in Thousands of Gallons and Sgallon respectively. In addition, the production of gasoline generates externality such that the Social Marginal Cost is given by SMC 4 0.02 Q Based on the above

The development of an e-commerce website requires more interactive functionalities, such as the ability to respond to user input (name and address forms), capture customer orders for goods and services, clear credit card transactions on the fly, consolidate price and product databases, and even adjusting advertising on the screen based on user

Outline three advantages of using geographic information systems to manage disasters in a region b)Differentiate between best-first search and breadth-first search as used in artificial intelligence

Kalili warehouse ltd. has incurred the following expenses for the year 2020 i)Construction of an extension to the current warehouse ii)Repainting the exterior of the current warehouse iii)Replacing the main entrance door to the warehouse after the old one was damaged by a delivery truck iv)Transport for materials for constructing the warehouse

Explain the meaning of the term robot as used in artificial intelligence b)Distinguish between the explode and offset commands as used in Computer -Aided Design c)outline three reasons for integrating database management systems in geographic information system d)Explain the meaning of the term machine learning as used in artificial intelligence

Explain the use of artificial intelligence as applied in each of the following areas i)natural language processing ii)gaming b)Distinguish between spatial data and attribute data as used in geographical information system c)Outline three main components of geographic information system

The current account balance of the balance-of-payments account equals: a) the domestic production of goods and services. b) the sum of national savings and domestic capital formation. c) net credits minus debits involving changes in nonofficial foreign financial assets and liabilities. d) net foreign investment.

Cascading termination refers to the termination of all child processes if the parent process terminates ______ a) Normally or abnormally b) Abnormally c) Normally d) None of the mentioned

We consider a level-2 IT service desk with 2 staff members. Each staff member can handle one service request in 4 working hours on average. Service times are exponentially distributed. Requests arrive at a mean rate of one request every 3 hours according to a Poisson process. What is the average time between the moment a service request arrives at

Using a simple system call as an example (e.g. getpid, or uptime), describe what is generally involved in providing the result, from the point of calling the function in the C library to the point where that function returns.

Why must the operating system be more careful when accessing input to a system call (or producing the result) when the data is in memory instead of registers?

Enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of supporting multi-threaded applications with kernel-level threads .

Describe how a multi-threaded application can be supported by a user-level threads package. It may be helpful to consider the components of such a package, and the function they perform.

Assuming the operating system detects the system is deadlocked, what can the operating system do to recover from deadlock?

What must the banker's algorithm know a priori in order to prevent deadlock?

Describe the general strategy behind deadlock prevention , and give an example of a practical deadlock prevention method.

Give a scenario where choosing a large file system block size might be a benefit; give an example where it might be a hindrance

Give an example where contiguous allocation of file blocks on disks can be used in practice

What file access pattern is particularly suited to chained file allocation on disk?

How can the block count in an inode differ from the (file size / block size) rounded up to the nearest integer. Can the block count be greater, smaller, or both.

The Berkeley Fast Filesystem (and Linux Ext2fs) use the idea of block groups. Describe what this idea is and what improvements block groups have over the simple filesystem layout of the System V file system (s5fs).

What is the reference count field in the inode? You should consider its relationship to directory entries in you answer.

The filesystem buffer cache does both buffering and caching. Describe why buffering is needed. Describe how buffering can improve performance (potentially to the detriment of file system robustness). Describe how the caching component of the buffer cache improves performance

What file allocation strategy is most appropriate for random access files?

Given that the maximum file size of combination of direct, single indirection, double indirection, and triple indirection in an inode-based filesystem is approximately the same as a filesystem solely using triple indirection, why not simply use only triple indirection to locate all file blocks?

What is the maximum file size supported by a file system with 16 direct blocks, single, double, and triple indirection? The block size is 512 bytes. Disk block numbers can be stored in 4 bytes

Why might filesystems managing external storage devices do write-through caching (avoid buffering writes) even though there is a detrimental effect on performance

Describe the difference between external and internal fragmentation. Indicate which of the two are most likely to be an issues on a) a simple memory management machine using base limit registers and static partitioning, and b) a similar machine using dynamic partitioning.

Base-limit MMUs can support swapping. What is swapping ? Can swapping permit an application requiring 16M memory to run on a machine with 8M of RAM?

Give some advantages of a system with page-based virtual memory compared to a simply system with base-limit registers that implements swapping.

Describe segmentation-based virtual memory. You should consider the components of a memory address, the segment table and its contents, and how the final physical address is formed in your answer

Some TLBs support address space identifiers (ASIDS), why?

Describe two virtual memory page fetch policies. Which is less common in practice? Why?

Describe buffering in the I/O subsystem of an operating system. Give reasons why it is required, and give a case where it is an advantage, and a case where it is a disadvantage

Device controllers are generally becoming more complex in the functionality they provide (e.g. think about the difference between implementing a serial port with a flip-flop controlled by the CPU and a multi-gigabit network adapter with the TCP/IP stack on the card itself). What effect might this have on the operating system and system performance?

Compare I/O based on polling with interrupt-driven I/O. In what situation would you favor one technique over the other?

Describe round robin scheduling. What is the parameter associated with the scheduler? What is the issue in choosing the parameter?

In a real-time system with a periodic task set, how are priorities assigned to each of the periodic tasks?

What is an EDF scheduler? What is its advantage over a rate monotic scheduler?

The traditional UNIX scheduler is a priority-based round robin scheduler (also called a multi-level round robin scheduler). How does the scheduler go about favoring I/O bound jobs over long-running CPU-bound jobs?

How does NTFS handle data structures? How does NTFS recover from a system crash? What is guaranteed after a recovery takes place?

How are the wait/signal operations for monitor different from those for semaphores?

In the context of memory management, what are placement and replacement algorithms?

In loading programs into memory, what is the difference between load- time dynamic linking and run-time dynamic linking?

Why are user-level threads packages generally cooperatively scheduled?

What is a critical region? How do they relate to controlling access to shared resources?

What is deadlock? What is startvation? How do they differ from each other?

Define the Potential of Bitcoin and Other Cryptocurrencies to Replace Traditional Currencies.

Read the following scenario and evaluate Gordon's conduct of the observation assignment. (min 200words) Gordon has recently been assigned to a project team that will be developing a new retail store management system for a chain of submarine sandwich shops. Gordon has several years of experience in programming but has not done much analysis in his

Consider a distributed system consisting of multiple nodes, where each node has a local file system and can access remote files on other nodes. The system uses a distributed lock manager to coordinate access to shared files. Which of the following statements about the consistency model of the distributed file system is true? a) The consistency

Consider a Linux system with multiple users and multiple processes running concurrently. Which of the following statements about process scheduling in Linux is true? a) Linux uses a priority-based scheduling algorithm, where each process is assigned a priority value based on its resource requirements and past behavior. b) Linux uses a round-robin

Which of the following statements about Linux kernel synchronization mechanisms is true? a) Spinlocks are the only synchronization mechanism used in the Linux kernel. b) Semaphores are used for both inter-process and intra-process synchronization in the Linux kernel. c) Mutexes are used for inter-process synchronization in the Linux kernel, while

What are the benefits of using automatic machine learning? Does it make things more complicated? If yes, how and why?

1. This question is about solving a particular linear system in small steps, using two provided functions, elim and backsub. In the upcoming question 2, you will use elim and backsub to write a solvers for general linear systems. In the present question, instead, you will become familiar with elim and backsub for a specific linear problem, as this

The correct answer is Software program. An operating system is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. Operating systems are found on many devices such as a computer, mobile phones, video games etc?

How do device drivers work in an operating system, and what is their role in managing hardware devices?

What are the differences between multiprocessing and multitasking, and how do operating systems handle them?

How does an operating system manage and schedule processes, and what are the different scheduling algorithms?

What are the main types of file systems used by operating systems, and what are their respective advantages and disadvantages?

What are the key differences between a desktop operating system and a mobile operating system? what are some of the unique challenges faced by mobile operating systems?

Write a circle generation algorithm.

What are the rules designed for implementing a graphics package?

Discuss virtual storage implementation using paging and segmentation.

Briefly explain the RFTE matching algorithm

A computer system contains 4 types of resources - R1, R2, R3 and R4. A total of 16 instances of R1, 12 instances of R2, 13 instances of R3 and 9 instances of R4 are present in the system. Currently, 6 processes, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 are active in the system. The current snapshot of the system is shown in the table shown below. Determine a

Consider the following sequence of references to the given page numbers - 1, 3, 4, 1, 3, 2, 2, 1, 3, 5, 4, 3, 2, 4, 1, 3, 2, 5. If LRU page replacement algorithm is used, determine the number of page faults with 3 physical frames. Assume that the system uses pure demand paging. Show in detail how the page faults occur and how the pages are

Consider a disk queue with I/O requests to blocks on the following cylinders 30, 134, 28, 15, 56, 85, 126, 80, 60, 8. Currently the head is at cylinder 52. The system uses the SSTF disk scheduling algorithm. Assume that the range of cylinder numbers on the disk is from 0 to 199. Calculate the total head movement for servicing all the I/O

Consider the set of processes shown in the table below along with their arrival times and CPU burst cycles given in milliseconds. The processes are scheduled using the SRTF algorithm. In case of tie, the selection is done based on FCFS. Calculate the average waiting time. Your answer should contain a proper Gantt Chart and a detailed calculation.

Process Arrival Time P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 0 1 2 3 5 5 8 11 CPU Burst Cycle (in milliseconds) 8 6 4 9 7 8 10 3

What is the relationship between operating systems and computer hardware?

How Buffering can improve the performance of a Computer system?

What are the advantages of multiprogramming?

What are the advantages of Multiprocessing or Parallel System?

What are three requirements of any solution to the critical sections problem? Why are the requirements needed?

It is suggested that directory-based cache coherence can scale with the aid of a hierarchy of on-chip caches. For example, we could group 64 cores into 8 clusters of 8 cores each. Each processor has its own private cache and each cluster has its own shared inclusive cluster cache. The chip also contains a shared inclusive Last-Level Cache (LLC).

How can adding vector instruction extensions allow us to make more efficient use of the microcontrollers memory data path and multiplier? What is the advantage of allowing many vector instructions to be able to access both vector registers and registers in the scalar register file?

Imagine two vector instructions are executing when the first (earlier) instruction causes an exception late in its execution. Describe two different ways in which precise exceptions could be implemented.

Describe one way in which a vector instruction-set extension may efficiently handle cases where the number of elements we wish to process is not a precise multiple of the maximum vector length supported in hardware

List five popular GNU/LINUX Distributor

Describe the requirements for the installation of Centos 6.5 Enterprise linux

Describe the Procedure of installation of centos 6.5 Enterprise Linux

State three type of file systems used in GNU/LINUX

Explain the function of the following mount points in GNU/LINUX

A 32-bit system with 32-bit virtual addressing uses 4 kB pages to match 4 kB frames. (i) Explain why a thoughtful engineer might choose 4-byte page table entries (PTE) and use a two-level page table in this system. [6 marks] (ii) A radical engineer decides they want finer-grained protection of memory and proposes reducing the page size to 1 kB.

An intrepid software engineer discovers some old hardware with support for segmentation, and decides to implement software paging using segments. Propose how they might do this, and discuss how your proposal would perform, and what factors would affect its performance.

UNIX file descriptors are sometimes described as capabilities. (i) In what ways do they provide capability functionality? (ii) In what ways do they differ from capabilities?

A common approach to handling the situation where there is no process either scheduled or waiting to be scheduled is to introduce an Idle process. An intrepid developer decides that when the Idle process is scheduled it could usefully carry out filesystem defragmentation, by rearranging files on disk to ensure each is stored in contiguous blocks.

On creation, a UNIX process normally inherits three file descriptors from its parent: stdin, stdout, and stderr. (i) Which additional kernel interactions are involved if the user redirects a process stdout to a file? (ii) Why is it typically more efficient to connect two processes using a pipe rather than redirecting the firsts stdout to a file to

A dairy processing unit in a remote area needs to operate the generator 8 hours/day due to an unreliable electric power supply. The generator consumes diesel but operates at an efficiency of 30%. About 70% of the energy released on burning the fuel is lost as heat, mostly through the exhaust. The dairy unit also requires hot water for which they