Question: Consider a basic RO process at standard temperature and pressure (293K,1atm). Seawater of 2 kg/s is modeled as a 1% concentration by mass of NaCl.

Consider a basic RO process at standard temperature and pressure (293K,1atm).

Consider a basic RO process at standard temperature and pressure (293K,1atm). Seawater of 2 kg/s is modeled as a 1% concentration by mass of NaCl. This consists of a high-pressure pump increasing the pressure of the feed solution from ambient P0 to the desired operating pressure PH, and a perfect semipermeable RO membrane through which water can pass, but dissolved ion species cannot. (a) Draw a flow diagram for the RO process. (b) Calculate the minimum pressure for the outlet of the pump and the corresponding work transfer rate. How does this compare to the minimal work transfer rate and why? (c) Calculate the second law efficiency of a RO pump operating at a pressure of 30 bars and propose an improvement for this design. The osmotic pressure is given by the Morse equation as: =2solRT; Where is the molar density of the solute in the brine, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature. The work transfer rate is W=H=mseawater(PHP0)

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