Hows? $(1$ Mark$)$

Question $5$

i$)$ A pipe is $6$ km long with a diameter of $1200$ mm has a valve fitted at its end. If the fluid flowing in the pipe flows at a velocity of $\backslash (4\backslash$mathrm$\{$~m$\}/\backslash$mathrm$\{$s$\}\backslash )$ and an assumed velocity of the pressure wave $\backslash ($ C $\backslash )$ is $\backslash (0\mathrm{.}83\backslash$mathrm$\{$~m$\}/\backslash$mathrm$\{$min$\}\backslash ).$

If the valve is closed in $0\mathrm{.}667$ minules, state whether the valve closure is gradual or sudden and find the rise in pressure if the valve within this time. $(\backslash (2+4\backslash )$ Marks$)$

ii$)$ Assuming the pipe is rigid with a bulk modulus of the water to be $\backslash (4000\backslash$mathrm$\{$kN$\}/\backslash$mathrm$\{$m$\}^\{2\}\backslash )$ and the vale$-$is$-$losed in Find the rise in pressure if the value is closed in $0\mathrm{.}083$ min $,$ find the rise in pressure. $(3$ Marks$)$

iii$)$ What is the Froude Number $($ Fr $)$ and name the three parameters that are used in the expression? $(3$ Marks$)$

$-$ iv$)$ A fluid flowing downstream the dam has a flow of $\backslash (350\backslash$mathrm$\{$~m$\}^\{3\}/\backslash$mathrm$\{$s$\}\backslash )$ over a river section with cross$-$section area of $\backslash (45\backslash$mathrm$\{$~m$\}^\{2\}\backslash )$ is ascertained to have a froude Number of $0\mathrm{.}86.$ Determine the Hydrualic Depth of the flow $\backslash$& state the nature of the flow. $\backslash ((7+1\backslash )$ Marks$)$

Question $6$

i$)$ A fluid is flowing through a pipe completely full. The diameter of the pipe is $500$ mm $.$ Find the Hyadrualic Radius of the Pipe. $(3$ Marks$)$

ii$)$ Given the Conveyance of the channel is $0\mathrm{.}11$ for a smooth cement plaster, use the Hydraulic Radius found in $($ii$)$ above to compute the Roughness coefficient. $(2$ Marks$)$

iii$)$ What is the difference between an open channel and a closed channel? $(2$ Mark$)$

$-$ iv$)$ Given water is flowing through an open channel with a flow velocity of $\backslash (2\mathrm{.}5\backslash$mathrm$\{$~m$\}/\backslash$mathrm$\{$s$\}\backslash )$ at a slope of $0\mathrm{.}04.$ Given the hydraulic radius is $1$ m $,$ determine the manning number of a channel? $(2$ Mark$)$

v$)$ What term is given to the carrying capacity of a channel section? $(1$ Mark$)$

vi$)$ Froude Number $($Fr$)$ and name the three parameters that are used in the expression? $(3$ Marks$)$

vii$)$ Water is flowing from a pipe with a diameter $1200$ mm at a velocity of $\backslash (6\backslash$mathrm$\{$~m$\}/\backslash$mathrm$\{$s$\}\backslash )$ into a canal, which is trapezoidal in shape. Assuming there are no pressure changes with no losses on entering the channel, which has slopes of $\backslash (1\backslash$mathrm$\{$~V$\}$: $2\backslash$mathrm$\{$H$\}\backslash )$ and