In the sender$-$receiver model, there are many things that can distort or confuse the message when it goes through a channel. Which of the following is most true about this situation?

a$.$

This is called noise and is limited to physical noise such as poor phone lines, babies crying, or loud office colleagues

b$.$

This is called noise and can be due to physical noise or perceptual differences, such as political difference

c$.$

This is called interference and can be caused by a use of acronyms and technical jargon

d$.$

This is called chaff and is caused by unnecessary extra information sent along with the main mess