Problem 16 In statistical quality control, samples of data can be collected and evaluated to assess the capability of a process. The Cp (or PCR) is an index that compares the specification limits to the process variation. Many industry sectors require Cp21.33 as an initial requirement for a capable process. However, the Cp index does not take into account the position of the process mean with respect to the target specification, and an additional process capability index called Cpk is also used. Consider the production of a printed circuit board (PCB) that requires a measurement of low voltage DC (direct current) output in Volts. Samples of PCBs produced from 5 different manufacturing processes show different histograms of DC voltage measurements compared to the specification limits (USL and LSL and target nominal) as shown by the sketches of their distributions on the graph below. LSL Nominal USL C=0.002 Process 1 Process 2 -= 0,002 - out of spec 0=0,004 Process 3 T=0.005 Process 4 T=0,003 Process 5 out of spec 13.988 13.994 14.000 14.006 14.012 DC voltage (V) Circle the letter (A, B, C, or D) that best describes the process capability index (Cp) indicated for each process shown in the graph (Process 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) 16a Process 1: (A) Cp > 1 (B) Cp = 1 (C) Cp 1 (B) Cp = 1 (C) Cp 1 (B) Cp = 1 (C) Cp 1 (B) Cp = 1 (C) Cp 1 (B) Cp = 1 (C) Cp