Question $20$

When the first personal computers were introduced, Bill started using a spreadsheet program to maintain his accounts. Bill discovered that this new method of maintaining his accounts caused his work to become much slower and that if he typed in the wrong data, it led to more mistakes. This scenario illustrates that:

component innovations are more effective than architectural innovations.

effort invested in an incumbent technology is much higher than effort invested in a new technology.

effort invested in an existing technology reaps higher returns than effort invested in a new technology.

technological discontinuity may initially have lower performance than the incumbent technology.