Read and use information below to answer the questions that follow.

Organisation development $($OD$)$ is a relatively new phenomena, beginning in the late $1950$s

with behavioural scientists and expanding significantly in the $1970$s and $1980$s$.$ Organisations

operate in a complex and changing environment. Environmental influences generate a lot of

unpredictability and change. This resulted in the formation of organisational development as a

field of study targeted at equipping individuals to accept and embrace change in their working

environment. In essence, organisational development is a planned system of change.

Thousands of companies in the business and public sectors are now embracing OD theory and

methods, including for personal growth and development.

Source: Adapted from Cummings & Worley $(2018)$

a$.$ Define change management $(2$ marks

b$.$ Outline two characteristics planned change $(2$ marks$)$

c$.$ Explain the benefits of a successful organisation development effort to the:

i$.$ Organisation $(3$ marks$)$

ii$.$ Individual employee $(3$ marks$)$