Read the following text and summarize it by completing the tasks below:

Task 1. Identify and extract the keywords and main ideas from the text

Task 2. Put the main ideas and supporting details in your own words

Task 3. Change the extracted ideas together in the form of a well-connected summarized paragraph with relevant vocabulary and grammatical structure.

Many traditional foods used in cooking today are processed in some way, such as grains, cheeses, dried fish and fermented vegetables. The processing itself is not the problem. Only much more recently has a different type of food processing emerged: one that is more extensive, and uses new chemical and physical techniques. This is called ultra-processing, and the resulting products ultraprocessed foods. To make these foods, cheap ingredients such as starches, vegetable oils and sugars, are combined with cosmetic additives like colours, flavours and emulsifiers. Think sugary drinks, confectionery, mass-produced bread, snack foods, sweetened dairy products and frozen desserts.

The evidence that ultra-processed foods are harming our health and the planet is clear. We must now consider using a variety of strategies to decrease consumption. This includes adopting new laws and regulations, for example by using taxation, marketing restrictions and removing these products from schools. We cannot rely on industry-preferred responses such as product reformulation alone. After all, reformulated ultra-processed foods are usually still ultra-processed.

Further, simply telling individuals to be more responsible is unlikely to work, when Big Food spends billions every year marketing unhealthy products to undermine that responsibility. Should dietary guidelines now strongly advise people to avoid ultra-processed foods? Brazil and other Latin American countries are already doing this. And for us as individuals the advice is simple avoid ultra-processed foods altogether.

As Big Food globalizes, their advertising and promotion becomes widespread. New digital technologies, such as gaming, are used to target children. By collecting large amounts of personal data online, companies can even target their advertising at us as individuals. Supermarkets are now spreading throughout the developing world, provisioning ultra-processed foods at scale, and at low prices. Where supermarkets dont exist, other distribution strategies are used. For example, Nestl uses its door-to-door salesforce to reach thousands of poor households in Brazils urban slums.

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Task 2 Main ideas Supporting details

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