reliability, determining whether an employee's performance has truly changed over time will be impossible. If a performance measure lacks O long-term interrater strategic test-retest O external QUESTION 11 If a student evaluating his or her professor at the end of term rates the professor low on all performance criteria due to dissatisfaction with the professor's grading scale, the student has likely committed which rater error? O Central tendency Halo error O Horns error Contrast error Similar-to-me error QUESTION 12 In which performance technique are managers given three statements of performance per dimension and asked to indicate whether the employee's performance is above (+), at (0), or below (-) the statements? Behaviourally anchored rating scale Behavioural observation scale O Graphic rating scale O Mixed-standard scale Management by objectives Ismah, an HR professional is using the collaborative capacity of social media to gather performance data from all of an employee's co-workers as part of a performance appraisal process. This practice is best referred to as: O social collaboration. O crowdsourcing O direct-report evaluation. 360-degree performance appraisal. O self-appraisal QUESTION 14 Lawsuits related to performance management usually involve charges of illegal discrimination or: O unfair labour practices. employment equity. unjust (or constructive) dismissal. sexual harassment. reverse discrimination. QUESTION 15 Organizations continue to establish performance management systems to meet three broad purposes: strategic, administrative, and O developmental management objective O behavioural O valid Rating all employees as somehow "average" or in the middle of the scale is called: O central tendency focus on activities. O contrast error, recency emphasis None of the choices are correct. QUESTION 17 Sheree was reflecting on recent performance feedback received from Steven, her manager. Steven said that Sheree was "bossy" in a recent team meeting when she offered advice without directly being asked. This scenario likely illustrates how can result in gender-based double standards. O rating errors O unconscious bias gender discrimination strictness distributional errors QUESTION 18 The extent to which the performance measure gives guidance to employees about what is expected of them, refers to which criterion associated with effective performance measures? O Specific feedback O Acceptability O Validity O Fit with strategy Reliability The most widely used method for rating attributes is the: O behaviourally anchored rating scale (BARS). behavioural observation scale (BOS). mixed-standard scale. O graphic rating scale. O management by objectives scale (MBO). QUESTION 20 The organizational approach to performance management that integrates strategic perspectives including financial, customer, internal business processes, and learning and growth is called: behaviourally anchored rating scale. mixed-standard scale. balanced scorecard. management by objectives. O graphic rating scale. QUESTION 21 To protect against legal challenges it is important to have a performance management system based on: O valid job analyses. O employee and manager needs. workforce planning, strategic planning. O representative workforce. What do we call a meeting at which managers discuss employee performance ratings and provide evidence supporting their ratings with the goal of eliminating the influence of rating errors? O Performance feedback O Succession planning Calibration meeting Political behaviour O Performance improvement meeting QUESTION 23 What is the first step in the performance management process? O Evaluate performance Define performance outcomes for company, division, and department Provide support and ongoing performance conversations Develop employee goals, behaviour, and actions to achieve outcomes O Provide consequences for performance results QUESTION 24 Which approach to performance feedback is recommended? O Problem-solving Tell-and-sell O Tell-and-listen Collaborative Both problem-solving and collaborative. Which method of performance measurement builds on the critical incident approach and is intended to define performance dimensions specifically, using statements of behaviour that describe different levels of performance? O Behaviourally anchored rating scale (BARS) Forced distribution method Graphic rating scale Mixed standard scale None of the choices are correct