Some fundamental concepts in geometry include area, volume, and surface area. These are used to measure different parts of shapes and solids. Area is calculated to determine the amount of space inside the boundary of a two-dimensional shape. This type of measurement is taken in square units. Volume is similar to area but pertains to three-dimensional objects and is the amount of space they occupy. The measurements for volume are taken in cubic units. Surface area is the total area of the surface of a three-dimensional object. It is also measured in square units. Example: A cube is a three-dimensional shape where all sides have equal lengths. When calculating the surface area, you first need to calculate the area of all six faces of the cube. They should all be the same because the sides' lengths are the same. Because of this, the total surface area is six times the area of one face. The formula for surface area looks like this: Surface area = 6 * (side length)^2 Calculating the volume is different in that the length, width, an height are multiplied together. Because a cube has all sides of equal, the volume is the cube of the side