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Which of these arguments is deductively valid?

a$.$ If Chip has wings, Chip is a bird. Chip is doesn't have wings. So$,$ Chip is not a bird.

b$.$ Chip is not a cat. All cats meow. So$,$ Chip does not meow.

c$.$ If Chip's a bird, Chip meows. Chip doesn't meow. So Chip's not a bird

d$.$ All birds have wings. Chip has wings. So$,$ Chip is a bird.