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social science
psychology 2e
Case Studies In School Psychology Applying Standards For Professional Practice 1st Edition Stephanie A. Rahill, Lauren T. Kaiser - Solutions
=+In general, we tend to like people with whom we are more familiar. Familiarity is associated with increased liking (Chapter 7).
=+Does thinking about death make a person feel more helpless, patriotic or selfish?
=+They are likely to feel more patriotic. Thinking about the inevitability of death makes people think more about the values that are important to them (Chapter 8).
=+If someone asked you to do a favour for them, would you like them more or less?
=+If we do a favour for someone, findings suggest that we grow to like them more (Chapter 4).
=+If someone asked you to write an essay that went against your beliefs, would you feel better about it
=+if you were paid nothing, a little, or a lot?People tend to feel better about being untrue to
=+their attitudes if they are paid nothing at all, or just a small amount (Chapter 4)
=+1. Think critically about the ‘crisis’ in social psychology, perhaps drawing up a table of the pros and cons of experimentation. What can we learn from experimentation and what can we not learn? Are there some issues in social psychology that are simply not suited to experimentation?
=+2. Think about the role of culture in social psychology.To what degree does culture hinder the arguably reductionist approach to social phenomena taken by experimental social psychologists?
=+3. Some alternatives to experimentation argue for more ‘deconstructionist’ approaches to the study of social psychology, analysing individuals’ complex psychological responses in the form of text.
=+Arguably, such analyses are subjective. What are the advantages and disadvantages of subjectivity in social psychological investigations?
=+1. An experiment designed to examine the influence of imagined contact with a group on attitudes towards the group.
=+2. Аn experiment investigating how advertisement effectiveness is influenced by advertisement length and mode of presentation.
=+3. An experiment where people judge the attractiveness of faces of different ages and genders.
=+1. We know the effects of ‘person praise’ and ‘process praise’. What do you think the impact of giving students‘no praise’ might be?
=+2. Can you think of other domains in which Dweck’s work may be applied?
=+3. Do you think that a child’s mindset can be changed?
=+4. Shortly, we will talk about research ethics and this research is a good way to start you thinking about ethical issues in social psychological research.Conducting research with children can sometimes be an ethical minefield, and conducting work on praise and criticism of children creates a
=+ Read one of Dweck’s empirical articles and see how she dealt with such issues.
=+1. Critical thinking and weighing up evidence is crucial to social psychology. Explain, with examples, why this is the case.
=+2. Imagine that you are designing a study to examine media representations of gender roles over the past 30 years. Design a study that would enable you to do so and explain and justify your choice of research methods.
=+3. Sampling is a crucial issue in social psychology. Explain, with examples, why in some situations it is acceptable to test hypotheses using White undergraduate participants, and why sometimes it is not.
=+1. If you were to design a study to test ego depletion, what would you do?
=+How might you approach the topic differently?
=+2. What other biological processes might be involved in self-control processes and how would you test them?
=+3. Read more about multi-lab replication projects. What other important findings in social psychology have not replicated. What explanations are put forward?
=+1. Take a look at recent literature on the narcissism epidemic. For example, an article by Wetzel et al.(2017) examined college students’ levels of
=+narcissism in the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s, and found no evidence for the epidemic. Look at the measure they used and the reasons why they argue that the epidemic does not exist, or may even be declining.What do you think?
=+2. Most of the arguments relate to narcissism in America, but are other countries the same? Why/why not?
=+Take a look at research by Vater, Moritz and Roepke (2018) who compared levels of narcissism in East and West Germany.
=+3. Do you think any of the other social ills of our age –excessive debt, corruption, street crime – may have anything to do with the narcissism epidemic?
=+1. In what domains might self-report responses be appropriate and when might they be inappropriate?
=+2. Think of some of the core topics in social psychology.In which of these would self-report responses be likely to yield dishonest or misleading responses?
=+1. What are the consequences (both positive and negative) of the different types of self-awareness and self-consciousness?
=+2. How do people cope when they don’t ‘stack up’ compared to someone else? Answer with reference to research on social comparisons.
=+3. How well do we really know ourselves?
=+1. Your head teacher suggests that you survey the children and ask them why they buy the foods they do. Based on the material you have read in this chapter (e.g., in the Ethics and Research Methods box),
=+what do you think you can and cannot learn by following this approach? What approaches would you suggest?
=+2. Some children report that they would really like to buy healthier foods, but by the time they go to buy their food, they are already feeling tired and find it difficult to stick to their resolve to make the right choices. What psychological processes in this chapter may help to explain their
=+3. Like most schools, yours has a variety of children, ranging from those who are healthy and athletic and eat well, and those who fall a long way short of these standards. Your head teacher would like to highlight especially healthy children, recognizing their choices at assemblies, and so use
=+Based on what you’ve read about processes such as social comparison, what are the merits and dangers of this approach?
=+ If your school were to go ahead with such a role model scheme,
=+what steps would you take to enhance the likelihood that it will succeed, rather than backfire?
=+4. One possible approach to helping children make the right choices might involve simply mounting small mirrors among the shelves in the tuck shop, so that children can ‘see themselves’ as they make their choices. Why might this help, and why might it backfire? (see, for example, the section
How might Ms. Kay and Ms. Carter better operationalize the behaviors of concern (safety concerns, inability to follow directions, calling out)?Write out operationalized definitions for each of these categories. (D4)
Upon reviewing the progress monitoring data, are the interventions put into place working? Why or why not? (D1)
What might you suggest next in this case? What should be prioritized and why? (D4)
Ms. Carter was open to suggestions to assist her behavior management in class as she seemed to realize that she needed some assistance with updating her classroom procedures/management to younger grades.How did her openness to consultation with Ms. Kay influence the outcomes in this case? How might
During this class-wide intervention, Ms. Kay has been conducting the weekly observations to determine the effectiveness of the interventions.She comes to the class for 60 minutes each week to collect the data in all categories. This may not be feasible for all school psychologists. Design a more
The interventions put into place in this classroom were designed to update classroom management/procedures so that they work better with younger children. Thus, the intervention plan was quite general.If more specific interventions were needed, research some possible evidence-based interventions
This data represents whole-class data. Suppose that the analyses of data find that the continued calling out behavior is mostly from one child in the class who has not adapted to the classroom routine. If the majority of the continued calling out is from this one child, what individual intervention
How can the school psychologist ensure that the school administration sees value in her participation in class-wide interventions such as the one described? What data should be presented to document that this is an effective use of the school psychologist’s time? (O1, O3, O4)
Jason is clearly struggling with virtual learning during the pandemic.Name some ways that the school could have been more proactive early on in offering support to Jason and his family. (D3, D4, D7)
Why was it important for Ms. Nguyen to consult the relevant literature and research around teleconsultation? (D9)
What hypotheses do you have regarding Jason’s academic performance during virtual instruction? How are Jason’s academic and social/emotional concerns related? (D3, D4)
Jason is referred to as unmotivated throughout this case. What may be a more positive conceptualization of the areas of concern? (D4)
While the switch to virtual instruction seems to have negatively impacted Jason’s grades and is the trigger that caused the school to reach out to Jason’s mother, there is some evidence to suggest that Jason may have needed additional support from the school prior to this. What are some
Now that Ms. Nguyen is ready to offer teleconsultation, who should be her consultee? Why? (D2)
Review some of the references that Ms. Nguyen initially consulted about teleconsultation. Using that information, how might you approach teleconsultation for this case? What steps would you take? What practical and legal considerations would be needed? (D2, D10)
Design an assessment plan to better understand some of Jason’s particular needs. (D1)
Research and design an intervention plan to provide support to Jason and his mother. (D3, D4, D7, D9)
The pandemic completely upended the educational system in the entire country. What were some of the immediate and long-term negative impacts of the pandemic on students’ learning? How about on students’ mental health? How should schools continue to respond to these impacts? (D5)
Some believe that one of the positive side effects of the pandemic might be the reimagination of how we educate our children, which has not been critically changed in generations. One example includes an increase in investment in technology-based education that may have benefits for children long
What additional professional development, specific to school psychologists, might need to happen to ensure that they have the skills to support children during this pandemic? (O6)
After reviewing all of the data presented, what is working well in this school? What needs to be improved? (D1, D5)
What is the school psychologist’s role in working with this team to analyze this type of fidelity or equity data? A school psychologist was not mentioned in the case. Should they be part of the team? Why or why not? (D1, D8, D5, D10)
If you were a member of this team, what areas would you recommend prioritizing in the school’s action plan? (D1, D5)
What types of services would you recommend for the areas of prioritized need? (D5, D6)
Based on the data in Table 5.1, what were the demographics of the students who were receiving repeat office referrals? In other words, who was excluded from the rewards and incentives? How might the school psychologist help the school analyze and address this to provide more culturally responsive
After more exploration, you notice that most repeat referrals are coming from one or two classrooms. Role play a conversation with one of the teachers to discuss this concern and offer consultation or coaching services. (D2)
Assuming that the teachers in the scenario are interested in engaging in consultation about their classroom management, what would be your first steps in establishing the consultation relationship? What model would you follow and why? (D2)
Imagine that you are a part of this PBIS Team Meeting. Upon reviewing this data, develop an action plan. Include a measurable goal for the year and activities to support that goal. (D2, D5)
What is the school psychologist’s role in working with a school-wide MTSS team? What were the benefits of Mr. Beery’s involvement with this team? (D1, D2, D3, D5, D10)
Why might this group of students have progressed more rapidly than the students receiving the Tier II intervention? What could this mean in terms of improvements needed in the Tier II intervention stage?(D1, D5)
What were some of the limitations of this MTSS Team’s approach to problem-solving? What might have happened if Mr. Beery was not involved in offering consultative services? (D1, D2, D3, D9)
In looking at the outcomes for this case, is it appropriate to call the groups or students, “intensive” and “strategic” after all? Why or why not?(D8, D10)
Read and discuss Erchul’s (2011) School Consultation and Response to Intervention: A Tale of Two Literatures in relation to this case. Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages to both approaches, the Standard Protocol Approach the MTSS Team took for the Tier II “Strategic” group,
Research the evidence base for Read Naturally (Institute of Education Sciences, n.d.). What reading skills are the most likely to improve using this intervention? (D3, D9)
Review the concept of the skill-by-treatment interaction (Burns et al., 2014) to describe why each intervention may have been the best fit for each group. What might have happened if the students in Ms. Applegate’s group been placed in the fluency intervention program? Would they have made
What assessments would you have conducted if you were the school psychologist and consultant for this case, to better understand the students’reading skills and needs? (D1, D3)
Review the phoneme-grapheme mapping intervention (e.g., Earle &Sayeski, 2016). Create an intervention script and fidelity checklist to use to consult with a teacher like Ms. Applegate to implement a similar strategy. (D2, D3)
What is the school psychologists’ role regarding exploring the diversity and climate issues as seen in this case? What are ethical and legal considerations? (D5, D8, D10)
What are some of the protective and positive features of the school culture and climate? What are the concerning aspects? What would you prioritize as needs? Explain your rationale. (D5, D6, D7, D8)
What types of assessment activities have been important for Ms. Williams to conduct in her first months in the school? Why? What other assessment activities might you recommend for her to understand the school diversity culture and climate better? (D1, D5, D8)
Ms. Williams appears to be doing much of this work alone. How could she enlist the support of others to do this work with her? Why might it be important to include others? (D2, D5, D8)
Research and list specific school culture and climate tools that a school psychologist could use to analyze diversity and equity issues at the school-level. (D1, D5, D8, D9)
Review the literature on developing an equity team and best practices on how to facilitate needs assessment and school-wide intervention on diversity climate issues in a school. Develop a list of steps and strategies that a school psychologist, who is in a similar position as Ms. Williams, could
Research and describe at least one evidence-based practice to address one of the issues you identified in this case. Provide rationale for why you selected this intervention. (D5, D9)
Role play a consultation session between Ms. Williams and the school principal to practice administrative consultation around an issue identified in this case. (D2, D5, D8)
School psychologists often report that general PD sessions are not particularly helpful to them. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having various professionals come together for PD as an entire building?(O4, O5)
Stacey was motivated to create a needs assessment for distribution to her fellow school psychologists but understands that she may have limited or outdated information about best practices in survey design. Why was it important that she consulted the professional literature and other professionals
In this case, Stacey purposefully seeks out guidance from a colleague who is currently attending a doctoral program to ensure that they design a needs assessment that is in keeping with the latest research on survey design. In what ways are collaboration between Universities (faculty and students)
What are possible reasons the school psychologists are so enthusiastic about increased opportunities for collaboration across the district? Why is it important for school psychologists to continue to collaborate with other practicing professionals? (O5)Advanced Applications
What leadership opportunities are available for school psychologists who work in medium/large-size districts for developing programs to support the practice of school psychology? Provide ideas of how to develop programs and resources for school psychologists (PD opportunities, collaboration, case
The specific topic of this PD session was related to academic interventions. Design a plan for the participating school psychologists to turnkey this information back to their individual schools. What specific elements should be included in turnkey trainings to ensure success? What types of ongoing
The school safety and crisis teams at Simpson Elementary School were active, well-prepared teams; however, the significant impact of the hurricane on the entire community was overwhelming for all involved. Discuss how you would prioritize the school’s response in the immediate aftermath of the
What different types of traumatic responses might you expect from children from this elementary school? (D4)
How might the reactions vary depending upon proximity to the event, long-term family impact (i.e., family displacement), academic impacts, and the age of children? What sorts of mental health supports might be needed for these children? (D4)
In evaluating their response to this crisis, what parts of their response should they reflect upon? In what areas could the school have been better prepared? (D6)
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