Positive Psychology 1st Edition Alan Carr - Solutions

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=+‘alcohol’ and ‘violence’ using Google or a similar search engine. Do you think these campaigns might backfire? How?
=+1. Many public campaigns designed to reduce problem drinking among young people link alcohol to violence. See if you can find an example by searching
=+Consider, for example, some of the embodied emotion manipulations of Chapter 4.
=+ If not, do you think such an intervention manipulation is possible?
=+3. Can you find any intervention specifically targeting an intergroup emotion in order to effect some improvement in intergroup relations?
=+You might want to read an interesting piece by Thomas et al. (2009a) to help you.
=+ What are the advantages and disadvantages of intergroup anger for victim groups?
=+2. In light of what you have read in this chapter, should victim groups let go of anger?
=+What conditions increase Schadenfreude, and what conditions decrease it?
=+An interesting intergroup emotion is Schadenfreude – defined as a feeling of joy derived from the misfortunes of others. Using Google Scholar or a similar database, find social psychological research on Schadenfreude. What effects does Schadenfreude appear to have on subsequent intergroup
=+4. How effective are intergroup apologies in resolving intergroup differences?
=+to the common ingroup identity model and the mutual differentiation model.
=+3. Is colour blindness an effective way to improve intergroup relations? Explain your answer with respect
=+2. What is the extended contact hypothesis and what does associated research demonstrate about its effectiveness as a prejudice reduction technique?
=+1. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of tokenism, affirmative action and positive discrimination.
=+2. How might the field experimental approach contribute to theory on prejudice reduction?
=+Paluck and Green’s (2009) review for further insights and perspectives. Why do social psychologists favour experimental laboratory approaches over field experiments?
=+However, there are some obvious barriers to conducting such studies. Write down some of these barriers and potential limitations and then read
=+. Paluck and Green’s (2009) analysis makes a strong argument for the inclusion of more field experiments in the area of prejudice reduction.
=+ How might we take this research into account in theories of contact?
=+were reduced by positive contact with advantaged groups – but not if the advantaged group members acknowledged that their advantages were unfair.
=+4. In an experimental follow-up to Saguy et al.’s (2009)research on the irony of harmony, Becker, Wright, Lubensky and Zhou (2013) found that disadvantaged groups members’ intentions to take collective action
=+complex thought. What do you think this adds to the debate about the contact hypothesis?
=+3. In a theoretical review paper, Crisp and Turner (2011)argue that experiences of diversity, such as intergroup contact, may increase the capacity for creative and
=+is that less intelligent people adopt right-wing or‘conservative’ political ideologies that are associated with prejudice. What was the other mediator, though?Use an academic database like Google Scholar to find the abstract, or the article itself.
=+2. In the Social Psychology in the Real World box in Chapter 4, we saw in Hodson and Busseri’s (2012)study how less intelligent people tend to become more prejudiced. One of the reasons this happened
=+argue that the key is to facilitate collective action by disadvantaged groups. Can you find articles published in 2014 and later that discuss this debate?
=+how intergroup relations should be improved. On one hand, many scholars argue that it is essential to reduce prejudice and promote values such as diversity and tolerance. On the other hand, some scholars
=+1. Controversy about the pros and cons of contact touches on one of the most topical debates about
=+were reduced by positive contact with advantaged groups – but not if the advantaged group members acknowledged that their advantages were unfair. How might we take this research into account in theories of contact?
=+4. In an experimental follow-up to Saguy et al.’s (2009)research on the irony of harmony, Becker, Wright, Lubensky and Zhou (2013) found that disadvantaged groups members’ intentions to take collective action
=+ What do you think this adds to the debate about the contact hypothesis?
=+3. In a theoretical review paper, Crisp and Turner (2011)argue that experiences of diversity, such as intergroup contact, may increase the capacity for creative and complex thought.
=+is that less intelligent people adopt right-wing or‘conservative’ political ideologies that are associated with prejudice. What was the other mediator, though?Use an academic database like Google Scholar to find the abstract, or the article itself.
=+2. In the Social Psychology in the Real World box in Chapter 4, we saw in Hodson and Busseri’s (2012)study how less intelligent people tend to become more prejudiced. One of the reasons this happened
=+and tolerance. On the other hand, some scholars argue that the key is to facilitate collective action by disadvantaged groups. Can you find articles published in 2014 and later that discuss this debate?
=+1. Controversy about the pros and cons of contact touches on one of the most topical debates about how intergroup relations should be improved. On one hand, many scholars argue that it is essential to reduce prejudice and promote values such as diversity
=+election of America’s first Black president (Hooghe &Dassoneville, 2018; Lamont, Park, & Ayala-Hurtado, 2017; Tolbert, Redlawsk & Gracey, 2018). What might this say about some of the potential downsides of tokenism?
=+4. Of course, after President Obama served two terms, Donald J. Trump was elected. There is considerable evidence that his electoral success was fuelled by racial resentment, perhaps inspired by the previous
=+ Can there be more than one token in such a position as US president?
=+3. If Hillary Clinton had been elected in 2016, would she have been similarly considered a (gender) token?
=+ To what extent is it appropriate to ask whether he is a token? Is this counterproductive, harmful or even offensive?
=+2. Barack Obama is a highly educated, accomplished and articulate man who had many credentials as a leader. If he was White, there would be no discussion of whether or not he was a token.
=+1. What has been the gender, religious and ethnic makeup of leaders of your country? Have there been any ‘minority’ leaders elected? Do you see any signs of tokenism in the election of your country’s leaders?
1. What factors are present in your life that contribute to happiness?
2. What factors are absent?
3. What could you do to enhance your happiness?
4. What would be the costs and benefits of adopting these happiness-enhancing strategies?
5. Adopt some of these strategies and assess the impact it has on your well-being by assessing yourself before and afterwards on one of the well-being scales contained in the chapter.
1. Replicate and extend this or a similar survey-type study: E.Diener and M.Seligman(2002). Very happy people. Psychological Science, 13, 81–4.
2. Replicate and extend a mood induction study such as those described in B.Fredrickson (2002). Positive emotions. In C.R.Snyder and S.Lopez (eds), Handbook of Positive Psychology (pp. 120–34). New York: University Press.
1. Complete the VIA-IS on the website and find out your personal strengths.
2. What activities are you intrinsically motivated to do that involve using your personal strengths and flow experiences?
3. Are you satisfied with the amount of time you spend doing these activities at present?
4. How could you change your daily or weekly schedule so that you engaged in more intrinsically motivated activities that involve using strengths and flow experiences?
5. What would be the costs and benefits of making these changes?
6. Make some of these changes and assess the impact this has on your well-being by assessing yourself before and afterwards on one of the well-being scales contained in Chapter 1.
1. Design and conduct a study to test the hypotheses that when people engage in activities that involve using their signature strengths and meet the criteria for flowinducing tasks, they are more likely to be intrinsically motivated and to experience flow than when they engage in equally demanding
2. Conduct a PsychInfo search covering literature published in the past couple of years using the terms ‘flow’, ‘intrinsic motivation’, and ‘signature strengths’ individually and in combination. Identify a study that interests you and that is feasible to replicate and extend. Conduct
1. In the domains of health, family, friends, romantic relationships, leisure activities, education and work what were your main success stories in the past year?
2. What is the evidence that these successes were due to your own personal strengths(rather than situational factors)?
3. In the domains of health, family, friends, romantic relationships, leisure activities, education and work what are your goals for the coming year?
4. What are some of the pathways that you can see to each of these goals?
5. What personal strengths have you got that will help you use some of these pathways to achieve your goals?
6. What incentives can you promise yourself to help you work towards these goals?
7. What would be the costs and benefits of pursuing some of the pathways that you can see to each of these goals?
8. Take some of these pathways and assess the impact it has on your well-being by assessing yourself before and afterwards on one of the well-being scales contained in Chapter 1.
1. Design and conduct a study to test the hypotheses that there are significant correlations between self-deception, dispositional optimism, optimistic explanatory style, the trait hope, future-orientation and happiness. Which of these variables accounts for the greatest amount of variance in
2. Conduct a PsychInfo search covering literature published in the past couple of years using the terms ‘self-deception’, ‘optimism’, ‘hope’, and ‘future orientation’ individually and in combination. Identify a study that interests you and that is feasible to replicate and extend.
1. Describe a situation that occurred within the past month, in which you successfully identified and managed your own emotions and those of others.
2. What emotions did you identify in yourself and the other person or people?
3. What skills did you use to manage your emotions?
4. What skills did you use to manage the emotions of the other person or people?
5. Describe a situation that occurred within the past month, in which it was critical for you to identify and manage your own emotions and those of others, but you were not successful in doing so.
6. What emotions did you have difficulty identifying in yourself and the other person or people?
7. What skills would you like to have had so that you could have managed your emotions more effectively?
8. What steps can you take now to develop these skills?
9. What would be the costs and benefits of taking these steps?
10. Take some of these steps and assess the impact it has on your well-being by assessing yourself before and afterwards on one of the well-being scales contained in Chapter 1.
1. Design and conduct a study to test the hypothesis that there is a significant correlation between emotional intelligence and happiness. Which aspect of emotional intelligence accounts for the greatest amount of variance in happiness?
2. Conduct a PsychInfo search covering literature published in the past couple of years using the term ‘emotional intelligence’. Identify a study that interests you and that is feasible to replicate and extend. Conduct the replication. If you can’t settle on a study to replicate and extend,
1. Describe a situation that occurred within the past month, in which you successfully found a creative solution to a difficult problem or made a wise judgement.
2. What skills did you use to do this?
3. Describe a situation that occurred within the past month, in which it was critical for you to find a creative solution to a difficult problem or to make a wise judgement, but you were not successful in doing so.
4. What skills would you like to have had so that you could have found a creative solution or made a wise judgement?
5. What steps can you now take to develop these skills?
6. What would be the costs and benefits of taking these steps?
7. Take some of these steps and assess the impact it has on your well-being by assessing yourself before and afterwards on one of the well-being scales contained in Chapter 1.
1. Design and conduct a study to test the hypotheses that there is a significant correlation between creativity and intelligence, but no significant correlation between happiness and either creativity or intelligence.
2. Conduct PsychInfo searches covering literature published in the past couple of years using the terms ‘giftedness’, ‘creativity’ and ‘wisdom’. Identify a study that interests you and that is feasible to replicate and extend. Conduct the replication.
1. Complete a copy of a five-factor personality inventory. Score and interpret it following instructions in the manual.
2. What trait-related strengths have you identified in doing this exercise?
3. What steps can you take to use these strengths more frequently in your life?
4. What would be the costs and benefits of taking these steps?
5. Take some of these steps and assess the impact it has on your well-being by assessing yourself before and afterwards on one of the well-being scales contained in Chapter 1.
1. Set up a series of hypotheses about possible relationships between the traits in the Five-Factor Model and the 24 strengths assessed by the Values in Action Inventory listed in Table 2.1. Design and conduct a study to test these hypotheses.
2. Conduct PsychInfo searches covering literature published in the past couple of years using the terms relevant to issues covered in this chapter, such as ‘Five-Factor’, ‘Big Five’, ‘altruism’, ‘affiliation motive’, ‘achievement motivation’, and ‘power motive’combined with
1. Describe a situation that occurred within the past month, in which you successfully coped with external stress or internal conflict.
2. What coping strategies or defences did you use?
3. Describe a situation that occurred within the past month, in which it was critical for you to cope with external stress or internal conflict, but you were not successful in doing so.

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Positive Psychology 1st Edition Alan Carr - Solutions

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