Question: All the fourth-graders in a certain elementary school took a standardized test. A total of 85% of the students were found to be proficient in

All the fourth-graders in a certain elementary school took a standardized test. A total of 85% of the students were found to be proficient in reading, 78% were found to be proficient in mathematics, and 65% were found to be proficient in both reading and mathematics. A student is chosen at random.

a. What is the probability that a student is proficient in reading, mathematics, or both?

b. What is the probability that a student is proficient in neither reading nor mathematics?

c. What is the probability that a student is proficient in mathematics but not in reading?

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