Can rats feel empathy toward fellow rats? In a recent study, some rats were first habituated to two chambers: a witness chamber adjacent to a shock chamber. The experimental rats (n = 15) were then given electric shocks through the floor of the shock chamber, while the control rats (n = 11) received no shocks but had all else the same. Twenty-four hours after the shocks were administered, each rat was put in the witness room and observed another rat getting shocked in the shock chamber. When rats get shocked, they freeze. The response variable as a measure of empathy on the part of the witness rats was the percent of time the witness rats spent in ‘‘freeze” mode when watching other rats get shocked. The experiment was double-blind. For the experimental rats who had previously received shocks, the mean percent time spent in freeze mode was 36.6 with a standard deviation of 21.3. For the control rats who had never been shocked, the mean time in freeze mode was 1.2 with a standard deviation of 2.3. Test to see whether the time spent in freeze mode is significantly higher for the rats with prior shock experience. Show all details of the test. You may assume that the data on time spent in freeze mode have no large outliers.