Data 1.3 on page 10 discusses a study designed to test whether applying a metal tag is detrimental to a penguin, as opposed to applying an electronic tag. One variable examined is the length of foraging trips. Longer foraging trips can jeopardize both breeding success and survival of chicks waiting for food. Mean length of 344 foraging trips for penguins with a metal tag was 12.70 days with a standard deviation of 3.71 days. For those with an electronic tag, the mean was 11.60 days with standard deviation of 4.53 days over 512 trips. Do these data provide evidence that mean foraging trips are longer for penguins with a metal tag? Show all details of the test.

Data 1.3 on page 10 

Do metal tags on penguins harm them? Scientists trying to tell penguins apart have several ways to tag the birds. One method involves wrapping metal strips with ID numbers around the penguin’s flipper, while another involves electronic tags. Neither tag seems to physically harm the penguins. However, since tagged penguins are used to   all penguins, scientists wanted to determine whether the metal tags have any significant effect on the penguins. Data were collected over a 10-year time span from a sample of 100 penguins that were randomly given either metal or electronic tags. This included information on number of chicks, survival over the decade, and length of time on foraging trips