Figure 4.14 shows a randomization distribution for testing H₀: μ = 50 vs H_a: μ > 50. In each case, use the distribution to decide which value is closer to the p-value for the observed sample mean.

Figure 4.14

(a) The p-value for x = 68 is closest to: 0.01 or 0.25?
(b) The p-value for x = 54 is closest to: 0.10 or 0.30?
(c) The p-value for x = 63 is closest to: 0.05 or 0.50?

A randomization distribution based on 1000 simulated samples is given along with the relevant null and alternative hypotheses. Which p-value most closely matches the observed statistic?

140 120 100 - 80 60 40- 20 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 74 Sample means Frequency