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engineering
mechanical engineering
Physics 10th edition David Young, Shane Stadler - Solutions
What are the benefits of just-in-time production? Why is it called a pull system?
Explain the function of a local area network.
What advantages are there in viewing manufacturing as a system? What are the components of a manufacturing system? Explain.
Describe the advantages of a communications standard.
What is meant by the term fuzzy logic}
Explain the principle behind holonic manufacturing.
What are the differences between ring and star networks? What is the significance of these differences?
What is kanban? Why was it developed?
What is an FMC and what is an FMS? What are the differences between them? Explain.
Describe the elements of artificial intelligence. Why is machine vision a part of it?
Explain why humans will still be needed in the factory of the future regardless of how well it is automated.
How would you describe the principle of computer-aided manufacturing to an older worker in a manufacturing facility who has only elementary knowledge of computers?
Discuss the benefits of computer-integrated manufacturing operations.
Explain the logic behind the arrangements shown in Fig. 15.11b.
Describe your observations regarding Fig. 15.18.
What should be the characteristics of an effective guidance system for an automated guided vehicle?
Give specific examples in manufacturing for which artificial intelligence could be effective.
Describe your opinions concerning the voice-recognition capabilities of future machines and controls.
Would machining centers be suitable for just-in-time production? Explain.
Give an example of a push system and of a pull system to clarify the fundamental difference between the two methods.
Give a specific example in which the variant system of CAPP is desirable and an example in which the generative system is desirable.
Artificial neural networks are particularly useful where the problems are ill defined and the data are fuzzy. Give examples in manufacturing where this is the case.
Is there a minimum to the number of machines in a manufacturing cell? Explain.
What is a database? Why is it necessary in manufacturing? Why should the management of a manufacturing company have access to databases? Explain.
List as many three-letter acronyms used in manufacturing (such as CNC, FMS, LAN, etc.) as you can, and give a brief definition of each.
Are there any disadvantages to zero inventory? Explain.
Why are robots a major component of a flexible manufacturing cell?
Is it possible to implement JIT in global manufacturing companies? Explain.
Describe the advantages and limitations of parametric design.
What are the advantages of hierarchical coding?
Assume that you are asked to rewrite Section 15.15 on artificial intelligence. Briefly outline your personal thoughts regarding this topic.
Assume that you own a manufacturing company and that you are aware you have not taken full advantage of the technological advances in manufacturing. Now, however, you would like to do so and you have the necessary capital. Describe how you would go about analyzing your company's needs and how you
With specific examples, describe your thoughts concerning the state of manufacturing in the United States as compared with its state in other industrialized countries.
It has been suggested by some that artificial intelligence systems will ultimately be able to replace the human brain. Do you agree? Explain.
Explain how a CAD system operates.
List the primitives needed to describe the part shown in Fig. 15.12.
Review various manufactured parts described in various chapters in this text and group them in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. 15.10. Comment on your observations.
Consider a routing sheet for a product as discussed in Section 15.8. If a holonic manufacturing system is to automatically generate the manufacturing sequence, (a) What is the likelihood that it will be the same as that produced manually? (b) What is the likelihood that a holonic system will
Think of a specific product and make a decision-tree chart similar to the one shown in Fig. 15.12.
Describe the trends in product designs and features that have had a major impact on manufacturing. Give specific examples.
Surveys have indicated that 95% of all the different parts made in the United States are produced in lots of 50 or less. Comment on this observation, and describe your thoughts regarding the implementation of the technologies outlined in Chapters 14 and 15.
What are the advantages of CAD systems over traditional methods of design? Do CAD systems have any limitations? Explain, with examples.
Think of a simple product, and make a routing sheet for its production, similar to that shown in Fig. 15.8. If the same part is given to another person, what is the likelihood that the routing sheet developed will be basically the same? Explain.
What is a NURB?
What are the advantages of a third-order piece-wise Bezier curve over a B-spline or conventional Bezier curve?
Describe your understanding of the octree representation in Fig. 15.6.
List and describe the major considerations involved in selecting materials for products?
What is meant by an economic order quantity?
Describe the costs involved in manufacturing. Explain how you could reduce each of these costs?
What is a cradle-to-cradle approach? What are its benefits?
What is meant by trade-off? Why is it important in manufacturing?
Explain the difference between direct labor cost and indirect labor cost?
Explain why the larger the quantity per package of food products, the lower is the cost per unit weight?
Explain why the value of the scrap produced in a manufacturing process depends on the type of material?
Comment on the magnitude and range of scrap shown in Table 16.4?
Describe your observations concerning the information given in Table 16.6?
Other than the size of the machine, what factors are involved in the range of prices in each machine category shown in Table 16.7?
Why is a knowledge of available shapes of materials important? Give five different examples.
Explain the reasons for the relative positions of the curves shown in Fig. 16.3?
What factors are involved in the shape of the curve shown in Fig. 16.6?
Make suggestions as to how to reduce the dependence of production time on surface finish?
Is it always desirable to purchase stock that is close to the final dimensions of a part to be manufactured? Explain your answer, and give some examples.
What course of action would you take if the supply of a raw material selected for a product line became unreliable?
Describe the potential problems involved in reducing the quantity of materials in products?
Present your thoughts concerning the replacement of aluminum beverage cans with steel ones?
Why is there a strong desire in industry to practice near-net-shape manufacturing? Give several examples.
Describe what is meant by the manufacturing characteristics of materials. Give three Examples demonstrating the importance of this information?
Estimate the position of the following processes in Fig. 16.4: (a) Centerless grinding, (b) Electrochemical machining, (c) Chemical milling, and (d) Extrusion.
From your own experience and observations, comment on the size, shape, and weight of specific products as they have changed over the years?
In Section 16.9.2, a breakdown of costs in today's manufacturing environment suggests that design costs contribute only 5% to total costs. Explain why this suggestion is reasonable?
Make a list of several (a) Disposable and (b) Reusable products. Discuss your observations, and explain how you would go about making more products that are reusable?
Describe your own concerns regarding life-cycle assessment of products?
A manufacturer is ring rolling ball-bearing races (see Fig. 6.43). The inner surface has a surface roughness specification of 0.10 ± 0.06 fxm. Measurements taken from rolled rings indicate a mean roughness of 0.112 fxm with a standard deviation of 0.02 /xm. Fifty thousand rings per month are
For the data of Problem 16.35 assume that the lubricant change can cause the manufacturing process to achieve a roughness of 0.10 ± 0.01 /xm. What additional cost per month for the lubricant can be justified? What if the lubricant did not add any new cost?
As you can see, Table 16.7 on manufacturing processes includes only metals and their alloys. On the basis of the information given in this book and other sources, prepare a similar table for nonmetallic materials, including ceramics, plastics, reinforced plastics, and metal-matrix and
Review Fig. 1.3, and present your thoughts concerning the two flowcharts. Would you want to make any modifications to them and if so, what would the modifications be and why?
Why is material substitution an important aspect of manufacturing engineering? Give five examples from your own experience or observations.
Figure 2.2a shows the shape of a typical tension-test specimen having a round cross section. Assuming that the starting material (stock) is a round rod and that only one specimen is needed, discuss the processes and the machinery by which the specimen can be made, including their relative
Select three different products commonly found in homes. State your opinions about (a) What materials were used in each product, and why, and (b) How the products were made, and why those particular manufacturing processes were used?
Comment on the differences, if any, between the designs, the materials, and the processing and assembly methods used to make such products as hand tools, ladders for professional use, and ladders for consumer use?
Other than powder metallurgy which processes could be used in the making of the parts shown in Fig. 11.1? Would they be economical?
The shape capabilities of some machining processes are shown in Fig. 8.40. Inspect the various shapes produced, and suggest alternative processes for producing them. Comment on the properties of work-piece materials that would influence your suggestions?
Why has material substitution been particularly critical in the automotive and aerospace industries?
Consider the internal combustion engine in the tractor shown in Fig. 1.1. On the basis of the topics covered in this text, select any three individual components of such an engine, and describe the materials and processes that you would use in making those components. Remember that the parts must
Discuss the trade-offs involved in selecting between the two materials for each of the applications listed: (a) Sheet metal vs. reinforced plastic chairs (b) Forged vs. cast crankshafts (c) Forged vs. powder-metallurgy connecting rods (d) Plastic vs. sheet-metal light-switch plates (e) Glass vs.
Discuss the manufacturing process or processes suitable for making the products listed below. Explain whether the products would require additional operations (such as coating, plating, heat treating, and finishing). If so, make recommendations and give the reasons for them?(a) Sheet metal vs.
Discuss the factors that influence the choice between the following pairs of processes to make the products indicated. (a) Sand casting vs. die casting of a fractional electric-motor housing (b) Machining vs. forming of a large-diameter bevel gear (c) Forging vs. powder-metallurgy production of a
The following figure shows a sheet-metal part made of steel:Discuss how this part could be made and how your selection of a manufacturing process may change(a) As the number of parts required increases from 10 to thousands and(b) As the length of the part increases from 2 to 20 m?
The part shown in the following figure is a carbon-steel segment (partial) gear.The smaller hole at the bottom is for clamping the part onto a round shaft, using a screw and a nut. Suggest a sequence of manufacturing processes to make this part. Consider such factors as the influence of the number
Many components in products have minimal effect on part robustness and quality. For example, the hinges in the glove compartment of an automobile do not really impact the owner's satisfaction, and the glove compartment is opened so few times that a robust design is easy to achieve. Would you
What factors are involved in the selection of manufacturing processes? Explain why these factors are important.
What is meant by process capabilities? Select four different, specific manufacturing processes, and describe their capabilities
Is production volume significant in process selection? Explain your answer.
Discuss the advantages of long lead times, if any, in production?
A monatomic ideal gas is thermally insulated, so no heat can flow between it and its surroundings. Is it possible for the temperature of the gas to rise? (a) Yes. The temperature can rise if work is done by the gas. (b) No. The only way that the temperature can rise is if heat is added to the
A heat engine takes heat QH from a hot reservoir and uses part of this energy to perform work W. Assuming that QH cannot be changed, how can the efficiency of the engine be improved? (a) Increase the work W; the heat QC rejected to the cold reservoir increases as a result. (b) Increase the work W;
The three Carnot engines shown in the drawing operate with hot and cold reservoirs whose temperature differences are 100 K. Rank the efficiencies of the engines, largest to smallest.(a) All engines have the same efficiency.(b) A, B, C(c) B, A, C(d) C, B, A(e) C, A, B
A refrigerator operates for a certain time, and the work done by the electrical energy during this time is W = 1000 J. What can be said about the heat delivered to the room containing the refrigerator? (a) The heat delivered to the room is less than 1000 J. (b) The heat delivered to the room is
Heat is transferred from the sun to the earth via electromagnetic waves (Chapter 24). Because of this transfer, the entropy of the sun ________, the entropy of the earth ________, and the entropy of the sun- earth system ________. (a) Increases, decreases, decreases (b) Decreases, increases,
The pressure-volume graph shows three paths in which a gas expands from an initial state A to a final state B. The change DUA(B in internal energy is the same for each of the paths. Rank the paths according to the heat Q added to the gas, largest to smallest.(a) 1, 2, 3(b) 1, 3, 2(c) 2, 1, 3(d) 3,
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