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Essentials Of Business Statistics 5th Edition Bruce Bowerman, Richard Connell, Emily Murphree, Burdeane Or - Solutions

Recall that a conflict of interest scenario was presented to a sample of 205 marketing researchers and that 111 of these researchers disapproved of the actions taken.a. Let p be the proportion of all marketing researchers who disapprove of the actions taken in the conflict of interest scenario. Set
Last year, television station WXYZ€™s share of the 11 P. M. news audience was approximately equal to, but no greater than, 25 percent. The station€™s management believes that the current audience share is higher than last year€™s 25 percent share. In an attempt to substantiate this
In the book Essentials of Marketing Research, William R. Dillon, Thomas J. Madden, and Neil H. Firtle discuss a marketing research proposal to study day- after recall for a brand of mouthwash. To quote the authors:The ad agency has developed a TV ad for the introduction of the mouthwash. The
Recall that a bank manager has developed a new system to reduce the time customers spend waiting for teller service during peak hours. The manager hopes the new system will reduce waiting times from the current 9 to 10 minutes to less than 6 minutes. Suppose the manager wishes to use the 100
An airline’s data indicate that 50 percent of people who begin the online process of booking a flight never complete the process and pay for the flight. To reduce this percentage, the airline is considering changing its website so that the entire booking process, including flight and seat
Suppose that a national survey finds that 73 percent of restaurant employees say that work stress has a negative impact on their personal lives. A random sample of 200 employees of a large restaurant chain finds that 141 employees say that work stress has a negative impact on their personal
The manufacturer of the ColorSmart-5000 television set claims that 95 percent of its sets last at least five years without needing a single repair. In order to test this claim, a consumer group randomly selects 400 consumers who have owned a ColorSmart-5000 television set for five years. Of these
Explain what is meant by a. A serious Type II error. b. The power of a statistical test.
In general, do we want the power corresponding to a serious Type II error to be near 0 or near 1? Explain.
Again consider the Consolidated Power waste water situation. Remember that the power plant will be shut down and corrective action will be taken on the cooling system if the null hypothesis H0: μ ≤ 60 is rejected in favor of Ha: μ > 60. In this exercise we calculate probabilities of various
Again consider the automobile parts supplier situation. Remember that a problem- solving team will be assigned to rectify the process producing the cylindrical engine parts if the null hypothesis H0: μ = 3 is rejected in favor of Ha: μ = 3. In this exercise we calculate probabilities of various
In the Consolidated Power hypothesis test of H0: μ ≤ 60 versus Ha: μ > 60 ( as discussed in Exercise 9.45) find the sample size needed to make the probability of a Type I error equal to .025 and the probability of a Type II error corresponding to the alternative value μ0 = 60.5 equal to .025.
In the automobile parts supplier’s hypothesis test of H0: μ = 3 versus Ha: μ ≠ 3 (as discussed in Exercise 9.46) find the sample size needed to make the probability of a Type I error equal to .05 and the probability of a Type II error corresponding to the alternative value μ0 = 3.005 equal
An automobile parts supplier owns a machine that produces a cylindrical engine part. This part is supposed to have an outside diameter of three inches. Parts with diameters that are too small or too large do not meet customer requirements and must be rejected. Lately, the company has experienced
A random sample of n = 30 metal hardness depths has an s2 of .0885 and a bell-shaped and symmetrical histogram. If σ2 denotes the corresponding population variance, test H0: σ2 = .2209 versus Ha: σ2 < .2209 by setting α equal to .05.
In order for a cylindrical engine part to give an engine long life, the outside diameter of the part must be between the specification limits of 2.95 inches and 3.05 inches. Assuming normality, determine whether 99.73 percent of the outside diameters produced by the current machine are within the
If σ2 denotes the variance of the population of all outside diameters that would be produced by the new machine: (1) Test H0: σ2 = .0005 versus Ha: σ2 < .0005 by setting α equal to .05. (2) Find 95 percent confidence intervals for σ2 and σ. (3) Using the upper end of the 95 percent
A manufacturer of coffee vending machines has designed a new, less expensive machine. The current machine is known to dispense (into cups) an average of 6 fl. oz., with a standard deviation of .2 fl. oz. When the new machine is tested using 15 cups, the mean and the standard deviation of the fills
In Exercise 9.54, test H0: σ = .2 versus Ha: σ > .2 at levels of significance .05 and .01. In exercise A manufacturer of coffee vending machines has designed a new, less expensive machine. The current machine is known to dispense (into cups) an average of 6 fl. oz., with a standard deviation of
The auditor for a large corporation routinely monitors cash disbursements. As part of this process, the auditor examines check request forms to determine whether they have been properly approved. Improper approval can occur in several ways. For instance, the check may have no approval, the check
Recall that the cigarette industry requires that models in cigarette ads must appear to be at least 25 years old. Also recall that a sample of 50 people is randomly selected at a shopping mall. Each person in the sample is shown a “typical cigarette ad” and is asked to estimate the age of the
Consider the cigarette ad situation discussed in Exercise 9.57. Using the sample information given in that exercise, the p-value for testing H0 versus Ha can be calculated to be .0057. a. Determine whether H0 would be rejected at each of α = .10, α = .05, α = .01, and α = .001. b. Describe
In an article in the Journal of Retailing, Kumar, Kerwin, and Pereira study factors affecting merger and acquisition activity in retailing. As part of the study, the authors compare the characteristics of “target firms” (firms targeted for acquisition) and “bidder firms” (firms attempting
The Crown Bottling Company has just installed a new bottling process that will fill 16- ounce bottles of the popular Crown Classic Cola soft drink. Both overfilling and under filling bottles are undesirable: Under filling leads to customer complaints and overfilling costs the company considerable
A consumer electronics firm has developed a new type of remote control button that is designed to operate longer before becoming intermittent. A random sample of 35 of the new buttons is selected and each is tested in continuous operation until becoming intermittent. The resulting lifetimes are
Again consider the remote control button lifetime situation discussed in Exercise 9.60. Using the sample information given in the introduction to Exercise 9.60, the p-value for testing H0 versus Ha can be calculated to be .0174. a. Determine whether H0 would be rejected at each of α = .10, α =
Several industries located along the Ohio River discharge a toxic substance called carbon tetrachloride into the river. The state Environmental Protection Agency monitors the amount of carbon tetrachloride pollution in the river. Specifically, the agency requires that the carbon tetrachloride
Consumer Reports (January 2005) indicates that profit margins on extended warranties are much greater than on the purchase of most products. 4 In this exercise we consider a major electronics retailer that wishes to increase the proportion of customers who buy extended warranties on digital
Consolidated Power, a large electric power utility, has just built a modern nuclear power plant. This plant discharges waste water that is allowed to flow into the Atlantic Ocean. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has ordered that the waste water may not be excessively warm so that thermal
Explain what a critical value is, and explain how it is used to test a hypothesis.
Explain what a p-value is, and explain how it is used to test a hypothesis.
The confidence interval in the formula box on page 373.
A marketing research firm wishes to compare the prices charged by two supermarket chains€”Miller€™s and Albert€™s. The research firm, using a standardized one-week shopping plan (grocery list) makes identical purchases at 10 of each chain€™s stores. The
A large discount chain compares the performance of its credit managers in Ohio and Illinois by comparing the mean dollar amounts owed by customers with delinquent charge accounts in these two states. Here a small mean dollar amount owed is desirable because it indicates that bad credit risks are
A loan officer compares the interest rates for 48-month fixed-rate auto loans and 48-month variable- rate auto loans. Two independent, random samples of auto loan rates are selected. A sample of eight 48-month fixed-rate auto loans had the following loan rates:4.29% 3.75% 3.50% 3.99% 3.75% 3.99%
Suppose a sample of 49 paired differences that have been randomly selected from a normally distributed population of paired differences yields a sample mean of d-bar = 5 and a sample standard deviation of sd = 7. a. Calculate a 95 percent confidence interval for μd = μ1 – μ2. Can we be 95
In the book Essentials of Marketing Research, William R. Dillon, Thomas J. Madden, and Neil H. Firtle (1993) present preexposure and postexposure attitude scores from an advertising study involving 10 respondents. The data for the experiment are given in Table 10.3. Assuming that the differences
National Paper Company must purchase a new machine for producing cardboard boxes. The company must choose between two machines. The machines produce boxes of equal quality, so the company will choose the machine that produces (on average) the most boxes. It is known that there are substantial
During 2013 a company implemented a number of policies aimed at reducing the ages of its customers€™ accounts. In order to assess the effectiveness of these measures, the company randomly selects 10 customer accounts. The average age of each account is determined for the years 2012 and
Do students reduce study time in classes where they achieve a higher midterm score? In a Journal of Economic Education article (Winter 2005), Gregory Krohn and Catherine O€™Connor studied student effort and performance in a class over a semester. In an intermediate macroeconomics course,
Explain what population is described by the sampling distribution of p̂1 – p̂2.
What assumptions must be satisfied in order to use the methods presented in this section?
Calculate a 95 percent confidence interval for p1 – p2. Interpret this interval. Can we be 95 percent confident that p1 – p2 is less than 0? That is, can we be 95 percent confident that p1 is less than p2? Explain.
Test H0: p1 – p2 = 0 versus Ha: p1 – p2 ≠ 0 by using critical values and by setting α equal to .10, .05, .01, and .001. How much evidence is there that p1 and p2 differ? Explain.
Test H0: p1 – p2 ≥ – .12 versus Ha: p1 – p2 < – .12 by using a p-value and by setting α equal to .10, .05, .01, and .001. How much evidence is there that p2 exceeds p1 by more than .12? Explain.
In an article in the Journal of Advertising, Weinberger and Spotts compare the use of humor in television ads in the United States and in the United Kingdom. Suppose that independent random samples of television ads are taken in the two countries. Arandom sample of 400 television ads in the United
In the book Essentials of Marketing Research, William R. Dillon, Thomas J. Madden, and Neil H. Firtle discuss a research proposal in which a telephone company wants to determine whether the appeal of a new security system varies between homeowners and renters. Independent samples of 140 homeowners
In the book Cases in Finance, Nunnally and Plath present a case in which the estimated percent-age of uncollectible accounts varies with the age of the account. Here the age of an unpaid account is the number of days elapsed since the invoice date. An accountant believes that the percentage of
On January 7, 2000, the Gallup Organization released the results of a poll comparing the lifestyles of today with yesteryear. The survey results were based on telephone interviews with a randomly selected national sample of 1,031 adults, 18 years and older, conducted December 20€“21,
When is the population of all possible values of s21/s22 described by an F distribution?
Intuitively explain why a value of s21/s22 that is substantially greater than 1 provides evidence that σ21 is not equal to σ22.
Use Table 10.6 on page 394 to find the F .05 point for each of the following: a. df1 = 3 and df2 =14 b. df1 = 6 and df2 = 10. c. df1 = 2 and df2 = 11. d. df1 = 7 and df2 = 5. Use Tables A. 5, A. 6, A. 7, and A. 8 (pages 611– 614) to find the following F a points: e. F.10 with df1 = 4 and
Suppose two independent random samples of sizes n1 = 9 and n2 = 7 that have been taken from two normally distributed populations having variances σ21 and σ22 give sample variances of an s21 = 100 and s22 = 20. a. Test H0: σ21 = σ22 versus H0: σ21 ≠ σ22 with α = .05. What do you conclude?
The National Golf Association’s consumer advocacy group wishes to compare the variabilities in durability of two brands of golf balls: Champ golf balls and Master golf balls. The advocacy group randomly selects 10 balls of each brand and places each ball into a machine that exerts the force
A marketing research firm wishes to compare the prices charged by two supermarket chains—Miller’s and Albert’s. The research firm, using a standardized one-week shopping plan (grocery list) makes identical purchases at 10 of each chain’s stores. The stores for each chain are randomly
In the book Essentials of Marketing Research, William R. Dillon, Thomas J. Madden, and Neil H. Firtle discuss evaluating the effectiveness of a test coupon. Samples of 500 test coupons and 500 control coupons were randomly delivered to shoppers. The results indicated that 35 of the 500 control
A marketing manager wishes to compare the mean prices charged for two brands of CD players. The manager conducts a random survey of retail outlets and obtains independent random samples of prices. The six retail outlets at which prices for the Onkyo CD player are obtained have a mean price of $ 189
Calculate a 95 percent confidence interval for μ1 – μ2. Can we be 95 percent confident that μ1 – μ2 is greater than 20? Explain why we can use the equal variances procedure here.
Standard deviation of returns is often used as a measure of a mutual fund’s volatility (risk). A larger standard deviation of returns is an indication of higher risk. According to Morningstar.com (June 17, 2010), the American Century Equity Income Institutional Fund, a large cap fund, has a
a. Set up the null and alternative hypotheses needed to test whether the mean earnings per share for all “target firms” differs from the mean earnings per share for all “bidder firms.” Test these hypotheses at the .10, .05, .01, and .001 levels of significance. How much evidence is there
a. Set up the null and alternative hypotheses needed to test whether the mean debt-to-equity ratio for all “target firms” differs from the mean debt- to- equity ratio for all “bidder firms.” Test these hypotheses at the .10, .05, .01, and .001 levels of significance. How much evidence is
What impact did the September 11 terrorist attack have on U. S. airline demand? An analysis was conducted by Ito and Lee, €œAssessing the impact of the September 11 terrorist attacks on U. S. airline demand,€ in the Journal of Economics and Business (January€“
Use critical values to test the null hypothesis H0: μ1 – μ2 ≤ 20 versus the alternative hypothesis H0: μ1 – μ2 > 20 by setting α equal to .10, .05, .01, and .001. How much evidence is there that the difference between μ1 and μ2 exceeds 20?
Use critical values to test the null hypothesis H0: μ1 – μ2 = 20 versus the alternative hypothesis H0: μ1 – μ2 ≠ 20 by setting a equal to .10, .05, .01, and .001. How much evidence is there that the difference between μ1 and μ2 is not equal to 20?
Repeat Exercises 10.4 through 10.6 using the unequal variances procedure. Compare your results to those obtained using the equal variances procedure. In Exercises 10.4 Calculate a 95 percent confidence interval for μ1 – μ2. Can we be 95 percent confident that μ1 – μ2 is greater than 20?
An article in Fortune magazine reported on the rapid rise of fees and expenses charged by mutual funds. Assuming that stock fund expenses and municipal bond fund expenses are each approximately normally distributed, suppose a random sample of 12 stock funds gives a mean annual expense of 1.63
In the book Business Research Methods, Donald R. Cooper and C. William Emory (1995) discuss a manager who wishes to compare the effectiveness of two methods for training new salespeople. The authors describe the situation as follows: The Company selects 22 sales trainees who are randomly divided
Define the meaning of the terms response variable, factor, treatments, and experimental units.
Describe what SSTO, SST, SSB, and SSE measure.
A marketing organization wishes to study the effects of four sales methods on weekly sales of a product. The organization employs a randomized block design in which three salesman use each sales method. The results obtained are given in Figure 11.8, along with the Excel output of a randomized block
A consumer preference study involving three different bottle designs (A, B, and C) for the jumbo size of a new liquid laundry detergent was carried out using a randomized block experimental design, with supermarkets as blocks. Specifically, four supermarkets were supplied with all three bottle
To compare three brands of computer keyboards, four data entry specialists were randomly selected. Each specialist used all three keyboards to enter the same kind of text material for 10 minutes, and the number of words entered per minute was recorded. The data obtained are given in Table 11.10. If
The Coca- Cola Company introduced New Coke in 1985. Within three months of this introduction, negative consumer reaction forced Coca-Cola to reintroduce the original formula of Coke as Coca- Cola Classic. Suppose that two years later, in 1987, a marketing research firm in Chicago compared the sales
Explain what we mean when we say that interaction exists between two factors.
A study compared three display panels used by air traffic controllers. Each display panel was tested for four different simulated emergency conditions. Twenty- four highly trained air traffic controllers were used in the study. Two controllers were randomly assigned to each display panel–
A telemarketing firm has studied the effects of two factors on the response to its television advertisements. The first factor is the time of day at which the ad is run, while the second is the position of the ad within the hour. The data in Figure 11.13, which were obtained by using a completely
An experiment is conducted to study the effects of two sales approaches€”high-pressure (H) and low- pressure (L)€”and to study the effects of two sales pitches (1 and 2) on the weekly sales of a product. The data in Table 11.13 on the next page are obtained by using a completely
A drug company wishes to compare the effects of three different drugs (X, Y, and Z) that are being developed to reduce cholesterol levels. Each drug is administered to six patients at the recommended dosage for six months. At the end of this period the reduction in cholesterol level is recorded for
A small builder of speculative homes builds three basic house designs and employs two foremen. The builder has used each foreman to build two houses of each design and has obtained the profits given in Table (the profits are given in thousands of dollars, and the sample means are enclosed in blue
Explain why we conduct pairwise comparisons of treatment means.
Consider Example 11.2, and let μB, μM, and μT represent the mean monthly sales when using the bottom, middle, and top shelf display heights, respectively. Figure 11.3 gives the MINITAB output of a one-way ANOVA of the bakery sales study data in Table 11.2 (page 409). Using the computer output in
A study compared three different display panels for use by air traffic controllers. Each display panel was tested in a simulated emergency condition; 12 highly trained air traffic controllers took part in the study. Four controllers were randomly assigned to each display panel. The time (in
A consumer preference study compares the effects of three different bottle designs (A, B, and C) on sales of a popular fabric softener. A completely randomized design is employed. Specifically, 15 supermarkets of equal sales potential are selected, and 5 of these supermarkets are randomly assigned
Using the computer output, perform pairwise comparisons of the treatment means in Exercise 11.8 by (1) Using Tukey simultaneous 95 percent confidence intervals (2) Optionally using t statistics and critical values ( see the right side of Figure 11.6 and page 416). Which brands are most durable?
Describe the characteristics that define a multinomial experiment.
A wholesaler has recently developed a computerized sales invoicing system. Prior to implementing this system, a manual system was used. Historically, the manual system produced 87% of invoices with 0 errors, 8% of invoices with 1 error, 3% of invoices with 2 errors, 1% of invoices with 3 errors,
Consider the sample of 65 payment times given in Table 2.4 (page 42). Use these data to carry out a chi- square goodness- of- fit test to test whether the population of all payment times is normally distributed by doing the following: a. It can be shown that x-bar = 18.1077 and that s = 3.9612 for
Consider the sample of 60 bottle design ratings given in Table 1.5 (page 10). Use these data to carry out a chi-square goodness-of-fit test to determine whether the population of all bottle design ratings is normally distributed. Use Î± = .05, and note that x-bar = 30.35 and s = 3.1073
Consider the sample of 100 waiting times given in Table 1.8 (page 13). Use these data to carry out a chi-square goodness-of-fit test to determine whether the population of all waiting times is normally distributed. Use Î± = .05, and note that x-bar = 30.35 and s = 2.475 for the 100
The table below gives a frequency distribution describing the number of errors found in thirty 1,000-line samples of computer code. Suppose that we wish to determine whether the number of errors can be described by a Poisson distribution with mean Î¼ = 4.5. Using the Poisson
When performing a chi-square test for independence, explain how the “cell frequencies under the independence assumption” are calculated. For what purpose are these frequencies calculated?
A marketing research firm wishes to study the relationship between wine consumption and whether a person likes to watch professional tennis on television. One hundred randomly selected people are asked whether they drink wine and whether they watch tennis. The following results are obtained:a. For
In recent years major efforts have been made to standardize accounting practices in different countries; this is called harmonization. In an article in Accounting and Business Research, Emmanuel N. Emenyonu and Sidney J. Gray studied the extent to which accounting practices in France, Germany, and
In the book Business Research Methods (5th ed.), Donald R. Cooper and C. William Emory discuss studying the relationship between on- the- job accidents and smoking. Cooper and Emory describe the study as follows: Suppose a manager implementing a smoke-free workplace policy is interested in whether
Give the conditions that the expected cell frequencies must meet in order to validly carry out a chi-square goodness-of-fit test.
In the book Essentials of Marketing Research, William R. Dillon, Thomas J. Madden, and Neil A. Firtle discuss the relationship between delivery time and computer-assisted ordering. A sample of 40 firms shows that 16 use computer- assisted ordering, while 24 do not. Furthermore, past data are used
A television station wishes to study the relationship between viewership of its 11 P. M. news program and viewer age (18 years or less, 19 to 35, 36 to 54, 55 or older). A sample of 250 television viewers in each age group is randomly selected, and the number who watch the station’s 11 P. M. news
A large supermarket conducted a consumer preference study by recording the brand of wheat bread purchased by customers in its stores. The supermarket carries four brands of wheat bread. In a random sample of 200 purchasers, the numbers of purchasers preferring Brands A, B, C, and D of the wheat
An occupant traffic study was carried out to aid in the remodeling of a large building on a university campus. The building has five entrances, and the choice of entrance was recorded for a random sample of 300 persons entering the building. The numbers of persons using Entrances 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
In an article in Accounting and Business Research, Meier, Alam, and Pearson studied auditor lobbying on several proposed U. S. accounting standards that affect banks and savings and loan associations. As part of this study, the authors investigated auditors’ positions regarding proposed changes

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