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Introduction To Business Statistics 7th Edition Ronald M. Weiers - Solutions

In an agricultural test, each of four organic compounds is applied to a sample of plants. At the end of 4 weeks, the heights of the plants are as shown here. At the 0.025 level, are the compounds equally effective in promoting plant growth?
For three random samples of employees, each sample consisting of employees from a given age group, the data in file XR14033 show the number of absences over the past 6 months. At the 0.10 level, can we conclude that the populations of such employee groups have the same median number of days missed?
The Environmental Protection Agency measures city fuel economy by placing the vehicle on a laboratory dynamometer and determining the amount of fuel consumed during a standard speed-distance schedule that simulates an urban trip. File XR14034 lists the miles per gallon data for three different
Compare the Friedman test with the randomized block ANOVA in terms of (a) Their respective null and alternative hypotheses, and (b) The assumptions required in order to use each test.
The randomized block design has been used in comparing the effectiveness of three treatments, with the data as shown in the table. Using the 0.05 level of significance, can we conclude that the treatments are equally effective?
A researcher has obtained the following salary figures for the mayor, police chief, and fire chief for a sample of U.S. cities. Assuming these to be a random sample of major cities in the United States, and using the 0.10 level of significance, can we conclude that the median national salaries for
An extermination firm is testing several brands of pesticide spray, all of which claim to be effective against ants. Under controlled conditions, each spray is used on 10 ants of the species listed here. The measurement in each cell is the number of seconds until all 10 ants are dead. Given these
Three movie critics have each rated a number of current movies on a scale of 1 = poor to 10 = excellent. Given the ratings in file XR14039, use the 0.025 level of significance in comparing the critics. Does it appear that they may be relying on different value systems in assigning their ratings?
Referring to Chapter 1 as necessary, differentiate among the nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio scales of measurement.
To evaluate whether three of its slopes should be classified as equally difficult, a ski resort sets up an experiment in which three skiers from each skill category (A = beginner to F = expert) are randomly selected to make one run on the slope to which they have been assigned. Given the times
What role does the binomial distribution play in the sign test, and when is it permissible to use the normal approximation in carrying out the test?
Whether testing a single sample or comparing paired samples, how should one go about deciding whether to use the sign test versus the Wilcoxon signed rank test?
For n = 8 nonzero differences between paired observations, there are 5 (+) differences for d = x1 – x2. Use the 0.05 level of significance in testing H0: md = 0 versus H1: md ≠ 0.
For n = 6 nonzero differences in a one-sample test, there are = (1) differences for d = x – 20. Use the 0.10 level of significance in testing H0: md ≤ 20 versus H1: md > 20.
Using the data of Exercise 14.13 and the 0.10 level, apply the sign test to compare the two samples. How do the results compare to those of that exercise? If they differ, what does this imply about the respective tests?In exercise
Using the data of Exercise 14.8 and the 0.05 level, apply the sign test to compare the data with the claimed median. How do the results compare to those of that exercise? If they differ, what does this imply about the respective tests?In exercise
How many runs are there in each of the following series? a. 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 b. 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 c. 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 d. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
From 1789 through 1870, the last names of associate justices appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court were as coded below. Last names beginning with A€“M are shown as a €œ1,€ those beginning with N€“Z as a €œ2.€ Compare the observed number of
What is the parametric counterpart to the Wilcoxon signed rank test for one sample? Compare the assumptions involved in using the respective tests.
Franchise headquarters claims it randomly selected the local franchises that received surprise visits during the past year. The sequence of visits is as shown below for male (M) versus female (F) managers. Using the 0.10 level of significance, evaluate the randomness of the sequence.
A random sample of recent LSAT (Law School Admission Test) scores submitted by applicants to a university€™s law program are as listed below. Using the 0.10 level of significance, apply the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality in examining whether the scores could have come from a
Product testers for a radio manufacturer routinely select a sample of units from the production line and test circuit integrity by subjecting each unit to extreme vibrations that are approximately triple the most violent shaking they are ever likely to encounter in the field. For the most recent
A local supermarket has contracted for floor cleaning and polishing to be done each evening by a small work crew using mechanized equipment. After the crew has performed the service for several weeks and settled into a routine, the supermarket manager has timed the most recent jobs to get a better
What is the Spearman coefficient of rank correlation, what range of values can it have, and how is its numerical value interpreted?
Two travel editors have each ranked 10 popular vacation spots according to the value they represent for the money. The sum of the squared differences between their rankings is 28. Determine and interpret the Spearman coefficient of rank correlation. At the 0.05 level, does rs differ significantly
For the data of Exercise 14.16, convert the husbands€™ and wives€™ expenditures to ranks, then determine and interpret the Spearman coefficient of rank correlation. At the 0.05 level, does rs differ significantly from 0?In exercise
A Republican and a Democrat candidate for political office have each rated the 12 most recent pieces of legislation in their state from 1 (most beneficial to the state) to 12 (least beneficial). Given the data shown here, determine and interpret the Spearman coefficient of rank correlation. At the
Testing the effect of a diet and exercise regimen on subjects’ cholesterol levels, a sports medicine clinic enlists 40 volunteers whose cholesterol levels are measured before and after the 1-month program. The before and after data are listed in data file XR14058. Using the sign test and the
According to R.L. Polk & Company, the median age of automobiles and trucks on the road in the United States is about 9 years. The ages for a random sample of vehicles in the executive parking lot of a metal fabrication company are listed in file XR14059. Using the sign test and the 0.05 level of
Given the following randomly selected observations, use the Wilcoxon signed rank test and the 0.05 level of significance in examining whether the population median could be equal to 4.9. Using the appropriate statistical table, what is the most accurate statement that can be made about the p-value
For the first 43 Super Bowl games, the winner is listed in file XR14060 according to “1” (American Conference) or “2” (National Conference). At the 0.05 level of significance, can this sequence be considered as other than random? Identify and interpret the p-value for the test.
For the first 43 Super Bowl games, the winning margins are listed in file XR14061. At the 0.10 level of significance, can this sequence be considered as other than random? Identify and interpret the p-value for the test.
For the set of winning margins in Exercise 14.61, use either the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test or the chi-square test for normality and the 0.05 level of significance in examining whether the data could have come from a normal distribution. In exercise For the first 43 Super Bowl games, the winning
Last year’s rates of return for a random sample of mutual funds are listed in file XR14063. Using either the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test or the chi-square test for normality and the 0.10 level of significance, examine whether the data could have come from a normal distribution.
Two different paste wax formulations are being compared to see if they hold up equally well in repeated washing at an automated car wash. On each of 10 test vehicles, formulas A and B are applied to opposite sides of the roof, and a coin flip is used in determining the side that receives formula A.
Comparing the lifetimes of two brands of penlight batteries, a researcher has randomly selected 10 batteries of brand A and 10 of brand B, then subjected each battery to the same usage test. Given the lifetimes listed below and using the 0.05 level of significance, can we conclude that brand A is
It has been reported that the median price of a home purchased in Portland, Oregon, during 2007 was $295,200. For a random sample of homes purchased in a certain area of the city during that year, the prices were as listed below. Using the 0.025 level of significance, test whether the median
The resting pulse rates of 6 randomly selected adults have been measured before and after a 4-week aerobic fitness program, with the results listed below. At the 0.05 level, can we conclude that the program has had a significant effect? Using the appropriate statistical table, what is the most
In a fast-food restaurant, it€™s desirable to have seats that are comfortable but not too comfortable. Patrons sitting at a seat that is too comfortable may tend to linger and tax the capacity of the restaurant. In an experiment to compare seat designs by observing how long people with
A consumer magazine is evaluating five brands of trash compactors for their effectiveness in reducing the volume of typical household products that are discarded. In the experiment, each block consists of three bags containing identical mixtures of the kinds of trash described, and each measurement
Given the following randomly selected observations, use the Wilcoxon signed rank test and the 0.01 level of significance in examining whether the population median could be greater than 37.0. Using the appropriate statistical table, what is the most accurate statement that can be made about the
The manager of a photography studio has carried out an experiment to compare the attractiveness of four different poster-size photographs for use in the display window. During 23 business days of the previous month, she randomly selected one of the four photographs for display; the data below show
Three different O-ring shapes are being considered for use in a deep-sea submersible vehicle that will be remote-operated from the surface vessel. Because the sealing effectiveness depends partially on the temperature of the surrounding sea water, a randomized block design has been set up in which
Prior to taking an aerobics class, each of 12 health-club members is asked to rate the instructor on a scale in which 3 = €œexcellent,€ 2 = €œgood,€ and 1 = €œpoor.€ Following the class, each student is again asked to rate the
An interviewer has been told to randomly select respondents and to include x = whether or not they are a college graduate among the data recorded. The categories of the first 30 persons interviewed, with G = college graduate and N = nongraduate, are shown in the sequence below. At the 0.10 level,
During her interview with an urban firm, Betty was told by the personnel director that she would typically require €œno more than 20 minutes€ to drive to work from the apartment complex to which she has recently moved. During the first 2 weeks of work, her travel times have
For a random sample of drivers using an automated toll booth that requires exact change, the following data show the elapsed time (in seconds) from the moment the vehicle stopped to the moment it began to move away following payment of the toll: 6, 5, 7, 4, and 17. Using the 0.10 level of
Two investment counselors have evaluated the 15 major companies in an industry according to their potential as a €œsafe investment.€ Both counselors agree that company C is the best firm in which to invest. These and the remaining ranks are shown in the table. Use the Spearman
To help ensure that packages contain at least the stated weight of 12 ounces, a cereal manufacturer wants the filling machine set to 12.5 ounces. For a random sample of boxes, the weights (in ounces) are listed in file XR14078. At the 0.10 level of significance, does the filling machine seem to
In the past, telephone solicitors for a home improvement firm have been paid an hourly wage. A small-scale experiment has been set up in which five solicitors are given further incentive in the form of 1% of the eventual sale. Data file XR14079 shows the number of sales originating from each
According to the director of a county tourist bureau, there is a median of 10 hours of sunshine per day during the summer months. For a random sample of 20 days during the past three summers, the number of hours of sunshine has been recorded as shown below. Use the 0.05 level in evaluating the
Two applicants for a component assembly position with an electronics firm have been asked to complete each of six tasks that their jobs would typically involve. For each assigned task, file XR14080 shows the times (minutes) required by each of the applicants. At the 0.10 level, could the applicants
A new taxi driver will be making regular trips from the airport to a downtown hotel. She has heard conflicting opinions as to which of two routes takes less time. When she randomly selects which route to take for each of 10 trips, the five times (minutes) for each route are as listed in file
Comparing the attitudes of customers at three restaurants, a researcher selects a random sample of customers from each and asks each person to rate the restaurant on a scale of 50 to 100, with 50 = “poor” and 100 = “excellent.” Given the results in file XR14082, and using the 0.05 level of
Reacting to a skeptical reader who doubts that so-called wine connoisseurs can really tell the difference between cheap and expensive wines, the dining editor of a city newspaper sets up a test in which each of five connoisseurs is asked to taste three unidentified wines, then rate each one on a
Five computer operators have been asked to rate four different workstation arrangements in terms of comfort with 1 = very uncomfortable to 10 = very comfortable. Their ratings are in file XR14084. At the 0.05 level, could the workstation arrangements be equally comfortable? Identify and interpret
The weights (in ounces) of the first 34 units in a production run of cast-iron flywheels are in file XR14085. Using the 0.10 level of significance, test the randomness of this sequence of measurements. Identify and interpret the p-value for the test.
Apply either the chi-square or the Kolmogorov- Smirnov test for normality to the data described in Exercise 14.85. At the 0.05 level of significance, could the data have come from a normal population? In exercise The weights (in ounces) of the first 34 units in a production run of cast-iron
As a guideline, a local Internal Revenue Service office recommends that auditors try to spend 15 minutes or less with taxpayers who are called in for audit interviews. In a recent random sample of 22 interviews, the interview times were as shown below. Using the 0.025 level, do these data suggest
Ted and Luke Thorndike have just returned from lunch with Candice Ergonne, president of a chain of 550 health clubs located across the United States. The clubs have a quality image and are known for featuring equipment and facilities that are second to none. The Thorndikes are rightfully pleased
In Chapter 11, we visited Circuit Systems, Inc., a company that was concerned about the effectiveness of its new program for reducing the cost of absenteeism among hourly workers. Besides allowing employees to be paid for unused sick leave, the program also pays $200 toward membership in a local
Explain each term in the linear regression model, yi = β0 + β1xi + εi.
The following data represent x = boat sales and y = boat trailer sales from 1995 through 2000.a. Determine the least-squares regression line and interpret its slope. b. Estimate, for a year during which 500,000 boats are sold, the number of boat trailers that would be sold. c. What reasons might
A media analyst studying popular movies has generated the accompanying table, which shows gross ticket sales during the initial 2 weeks following release compared to total gross sales during the movie€™s run. Given these data, determine the least-squares equation for predicting total
For the top law firms in the world in terms of profit per equity partner, data file XR15012 lists the number of equity partners and the gross revenue ($ millions) for the most recent fiscal year. Given these data, determine the least-squares equation for predicting gross revenue on the basis of the
The Florida ecosystem is heavily reliant on wet and dry seasons, and is particularly dependent on the winter and spring rainfall that helps reduce damage due to wildfires. Data file XR15013 lists the number of acres burned and the number of inches of rainfall during January–May for 1988–2000.
For the leading health maintenance organization (HMO) firms, data file XR15014 lists the number of persons enrolled in the HMO along with the number of plans the firm administers. Given these data, determine the least-squares equation for predicting the total enrollment as a function of the number
What is the standard error of estimate, and what role does it play in simple linear regression and correlation analysis?
Differentiate between a confidence interval and a prediction interval.
For a given value of x, which will be wider, a 95% confidence interval or a 95% prediction interval? Explain.
What happens to the width of a prediction interval for y as the x value on which the interval estimate is based gets farther away from the mean of x? Why?
What assumptions are required in using the linear regression model?
For n = 6 data points, the following quantities have been calculated:a. Determine the least-squares regression line. b. Determine the standard error of estimate. c. Construct the 95% confidence interval for the mean of y when x = 7.0. d. Construct the 95% confidence interval for the mean of y when
For the summary data provided in Exercise 15.21, construct a 95% prediction interval for an individual y value whenever a. x = 2. b. x = 3. c. x = 4.
For the National Football League, ratings for the all-time leading passers were as shown below. Also shown for each quarterback is the percentage of passes that were interceptions, along with the percentage of passes that were touchdowns.a. Determine the least-squares regression line for estimating
Repeat parts (a)–(e) of Exercise 15.23, but using the interception percentage as the independent variable, and for a quarterback who claims his interception percentage will be just 3.0% next year. In exercise a. Determine the least-squares regression line for estimating the passer rating based on
For the data in Exercise 15.9, find the standard error of estimate, then construct the 95% prediction interval for the amount of stock owned by an individual employee who has been with the firm for 5 years. In exercise x = Years y = Shares 6....... 300 12........ 408 14........ 560 6.......
For the data in Exercise 15.10, find the standard error of estimate, then construct the 95% prediction interval for boat trailer sales during a year in which the number of boats sold is 500,000.In exercise
Information describing 98 of the top automobile dealership groups in the United States is provided in computer database file DEALERS. For calendar year 1999, the data include the number of dealers, the average number of retail units sold per dealer, and the total revenue for the dealership group.
Repeat Exercise 15.27, but with average retail units sold per dealer as the independent variable and with the 95% interval estimates assuming a dealer group for which the average number of retail units sold per dealer is 1000. Repeat 15.27 Information describing 98 of the top automobile dealership
Given the information in Exercise 15.13, determine and interpret the 90% confidence and prediction intervals associated with burned acreage in Florida when the January–May rainfall in the state is 20 inches. In exercise The Florida ecosystem is heavily reliant on wet and dry seasons, and is
Given the information in Exercise 15.12, determine and interpret the 90% confidence and prediction intervals associated with gross revenue when there are 200 equity partners. In exercise For the top law firms in the world in terms of profit per equity partner, data file XR15012 lists the number of
Differentiate between the coefficients of correlation and determination. What information does each one offer that the other does not?
The values of y and x are inversely related, and 64% of the variation in y is explained by the regression equation. What is the coefficient of correlation?
For the data in Exercise 15.23, and with y = touchdown percentage and x = interception percentage, determine and interpret the coefficients of correlation and determination.In exercise
In regression and correlation analysis, what are the two components of the total amount of variation in the y values? Define the coefficient of determination in terms of these components.
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety has listed the following ratings based on collision and comprehensive claims for 12 makes of midsize fourdoor cars from the 2005€“2007 model years. Higher numbers reflect higher claims in the collision and comprehensive categories of coverage.a.
The following table compares U.S. population (millions) with U.S. per-capita consumption of bottled water (gallons).a. Determine the least-squares regression line and the value of r. b. What proportion of the variability in per-capita bottled water consumption is explained by the regression
It has been reported that the average American male consumes 3774 calories per day and that 72.2% of American males are overweight. This information, along with data for seven other countries, is listed below.a. Determine the least-squares regression line for predicting the percentage of males who
Given the information in Exercise 15.13, determine and interpret the coefficients of correlation and determination for January–May burned acreage in Florida versus January–May rainfall in the state. In exercise The Florida ecosystem is heavily reliant on wet and dry seasons, and is particularly
Given the information in Exercise 15.12, determine and interpret the coefficients of correlation and determination for gross revenue versus the number of equity partners. In exercise For the top law firms in the world in terms of profit per equity partner, data file XR15012 lists the number of
For each of 10 popular prescription drugs, file XR15042 lists the retail price (in U.S. dollars) for the drug in several different countries, including the United States, Canada, Great Britain, and Australia. Determine and interpret the coefficients of correlation and determination for U.S. prices
For each of the 20 top-grossing U.S. films made during the 1990s, file XR15043 lists the domestic gross ticket sales versus foreign gross ticket sales (both in millions of U.S. dollars). Determine the linear regression equation relating the foreign gross as a function of the domestic gross.
For n = 15 data points, r2 = 0.81. At the 0.05 level of significance, can we conclude that the true coefficient of correlation could be zero?
For n = 37 data points, r2 = 0.29. At the 0.02 level of significance, can we conclude that the true coefficient of correlation could be zero?
Based on sample data, the 90% confidence interval for the slope of the population regression line is found to be from –2.5 to 1.4. Based on this information, what is the most accurate statement that can be made about the p-value in testing H0: β1 = 0 versus H1: β1 ≠ 0? Explain.
Based on sample data, the 95% confidence interval for the slope of the population regression line is found to be from 4.2 to 6.7. Based on this information, what is the most accurate statement that can be made about the p-value in testing H0: β1 = 0 versus H1: β1 ≠ 0? Explain.
For the regression line developed in Exercise 15.37, a. Use the 0.05 level in testing whether the population coefficient of correlation could be zero. b. Use the 0.05 level in testing whether the population regression equation could have a slope of zero. c. Construct the 95% confidence interval for
A scatter diagram includes the data points (x = 2, y = 10), (x = 3, y = 12), (x = 4, y = 20), and (x = 5, y = 16). Two regression lines are proposed: (1) ŷ = 10 + x, and (2) ŷ = 8 + 2x. Using the least-squares criterion, which of these regression lines is the better fit to the data? Why?
For the regression line developed in Exercise 15.38, a. Use the 0.05 level in testing whether the population coefficient of correlation could be zero. b. Use the 0.05 level in testing whether the population regression equation could have a slope of zero. c. Construct the 95% confidence interval for

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