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Introduction To Business Statistics 7th Edition Ronald M. Weiers - Solutions
Sheila Smith, the manager of a large resort’s main hotel, has been receiving complaints from some guests that they are not being provided with prompt service upon approaching the front desk. In particular, she is concerned that desk staff might be providing female guests with less prompt service
The developer of a new welding rod claims that spot welds using his product will have greater strength than conventional welds. For 45 welds using the new rod, the average tensile strength is 23,500 pounds per square inch, with a standard deviation of 600 pounds. For 40 conventional welds on the
Independent random samples of vehicles traveling past a given point on an interstate highway have been observed on Monday versus Wednesday. For 16 cars observed on Monday, the average speed was 59.4 mph, with a standard deviation of 3.7 mph. For 20 cars observed on Wednesday, the average speed was
A sample of 25 production employees has been tested twice on a standard test of manual dexterity. The average change in the time required to finish the test was a decrease of 1.5 minutes, with a standard deviation of 0.3 minutes. At the 0.05 level, can we conclude that the average production
For a sample of 48 finance majors, the average time spent reading each issue of the campus newspaper is 19.7 minutes, with a standard deviation of 7.3 minutes. The corresponding figures for a sample of 40 management information systems majors are 16.3 and 4.1 minutes. Using the 0.01 level of
Two machines are supposed to be producing steel bars of approximately the same length. A sample of 35 bars from one machine has an average length of 37.013 inches, with a standard deviation of 0.095 inches. For 38 bars produced by the other machine, the corresponding figures are 36.974 inches and
Observing a sample of 35 morning customers at a convenience store, a researcher finds their average stay in the store is 3.0 minutes, with a standard deviation of 0.9 minutes. For a sample of 43 afternoon customers, the mean and standard deviation were 3.5 and 1.8 minutes, respectively. Using the
In an experiment comparing a new long- distance golf ball with the conventional design, each of 20 golfers hits one drive with each ball. The average golfer in the sample hit the new ball 9.3 yards farther, with a standard deviation of 10.5 yards. At the 0.005 level, evaluate the effectiveness of
The idling speed of 14 gasoline-powered generators is measured with and without an oil additive that is designed to lower friction. With the additive installed, the mean change in speed was 123 revolutions per minute (rpm), with a standard deviation of 3.5 rpm. At the 0.05 level of significance, is
A motel manager, concerned with customer theft of towels, decided that the theft rate might be reduced by changing from white, imprinted towels to a drab green version. Of the 120 guests provided with the white towels, 35% took at least one towel with them when they checked out. Of the 160 guests
An Internal Revenue Service manager is comparing the results of recent taxpayer interviews conducted by two auditors. Of 200 taxpayers audited by Ms. Smith, 30% had to pay additional taxes. Of 100 audited by Mr. Burke, only 19% paid additional taxes. At the 0.01 level of significance, can the
Media observers have been examining the number of minutes devoted to business and financial news during the half-hour evening news broadcasts of two local television channels. For each channel, they have randomly selected 10 weekday broadcasts and observed the number of minutes spent on business
A pharmaceutical manufacturer has come up with a new drug intended to provide greater headache relief than the old formula. Of 250 patients treated with the previous medication, 130 reported “fast relief from headache pain.” Of 200 individuals treated with the new formula, 128 said they got
In tests of a speed-reading course, it is found that 10 subjects increased their reading speed by an average of 200 words per minute, with a standard deviation of 75 words. At the 0.10 level, does this sample information suggest that the course is really effective in improving reading speed? Using
A maintenance engineer has been approached by a supplier who promises less downtime for machines using its new molybdenum-based super lubricant. Of 120 machines maintained with the new lubricant, only 20% were out of service for more than an hour during the month of the test, while 30% of the 100
According to the National Center for Education Statistics, 88% of elementary, middle-school, and secondaryschool students from families earning $75,000 or more per year use a computer at school, compared to 81% from families earning less than $20,000. Using a one-tail test at the 0.01 level, and
A study by Experian found that 20% of consumers in New Jersey have 10 or more credit cards, compared to 11% in Tennessee. In a two-tail test at the 0.05 level of significance, and assuming the percentages are from independent samples of 100 consumers each, can we conclude that New Jersey and
Given the information in Exercise 11.75, and using the 0.05 level of significance in comparing the sample standard deviations, were we justified in assuming that the population standard deviations were equal? Would your conclusion change if the standard deviation of the estimates received by Emily
Given the information in Exercise 11.76, and using the 0.01 level of significance in comparing the sample standard deviations, were we justified in assuming that the population standard deviations were equal? Would your conclusion change if the standard deviation of the data values with the rooftop
Three years after receiving their degrees, graduates of a university’s MBA program have reported their annual salary rates, with a portion of the data listed in file XR11097. Graduates in one of the groups represented in the data are employed by consulting firms, while another group consists of
A supermarket manager is examining whether a new plastic bagging configuration in the produce area might make it more efficient for customers who are bagging their own fruits and vegetables. She observes a sample of customers using the new system and a sample of customers using the standard system,
A company that makes an athletic shoe designed for basketball has stated in its advertisements that the shoe increases the jumping ability of players who wear it. The general manager of a professional team has conducted a test in which each player’s vertical leap is measured with the current shoe
The Thorndikes have submitted a bid to be the sole supplier of swimming goggles for the U.S. Olympic team. OptiView, Inc. has been supplying the goggles for many years, and the Olympic committee has said it will switch to Thorndike only if the Thorndike goggles are found to be significantly better
Item C of the Springdale Shopping Survey, introduced at the end of Chapter 2, describes variables 7–9 of the survey. These variables represent the general attitude respondents have toward each of the three shopping areas, and range from 5 (like very much) to 1 (dislike very much). Samples
Circuit Systems, Inc., located in northern California, is a company that produces integrated circuit boards for the microcomputer industry. In addition to salaried management and office staff personnel, Circuit Systems currently employs approximately 250 hourly production workers involved in the
Three different heat-treatment methods are being tested against four different zinc-coating techniques, with data representing the number of pounds required for a test probe to penetrate the layer of zinc coating. Metal samples have been randomly assigned to the factor levels, with two replications
Three different point-of-purchase displays are being considered for lottery ticket sales at a chain of convenience stores. Two different locations within the store are also being considered. Eighteen stores for which lottery ticket sales have been comparable are randomly assigned to the six cells
For the one-way ANOVA model, xij = μ + τj + εij, explain the meaning of each term in the equation, then use the appropriate terms from the equation in presenting and explaining the null and alternative hypotheses to be examined.
On snow-covered roads, winter tires enable a car to stop in a shorter distance than if summer tires were installed. In terms of the additive model for one-way ANOVA, and for an experiment in which the mean stopping distances on a snow-covered road are measured for each of five brands of winter
In using ANOVA to compare the means of several samples, what value would be expected for the calculated F-statistic if the population means really are the same? Explain.
In a one-way ANOVA, there are three independent samples, with n1 = 8, n2 = 10, and n3 = 7. The calculated F-statistic is F = 3.95. At the 0.05 level of significance, what conclusion would be reached? Based on the F distribution tables, what is the most accurate statement that can be made about the
In a one-way ANOVA, there are two independent samples, with n1 = 20 and n2 = 15. The calculated F-statistic is F = 3.60. At the 0.05 level of significance, what conclusion would be reached? Based on the F distribution tables, what is the most accurate statement that can be made about the p-value
A one-way ANOVA has been conducted for an experiment in which there are three treatments and each treatment group consists of 10 persons. The results include the sum of squares terms shown here. Based on this information, construct the ANOVA table of summary findings and use the 0.025 level of
For the experiment described in Exercise 12.6, what null and alternative hypotheses would be appropriate for the one-way ANOVA to examine the data? Given the following data, what conclusion would be reached at the 0.05 level of significance? From the F distribution tables, what is the approximate
For the experiment described in Exercise 12.7, what null and alternative hypotheses would be appropriate for the one-way ANOVA to examine the data? If the data are as shown here, what conclusion would be reached at the 0.025 level of significance? From the F distribution tables, what is the
For the experiment described in Exercise 12.8, what null and alternative hypotheses would be appropriate for the one-way ANOVA to examine the data? If the data are as shown here, what conclusion would be reached at the 0.01 level of significance? (Use data file XR12025.)
For the following data from independent samples, could the null hypothesis that the population means are equal be rejected at the 0.05 level? (Use data file XR12026.)
A study has been carried out to compare the United Way contributions made by clerical workers from three local corporations. A sample of clerical workers has been randomly selected from each firm, and the dollar amounts of their contributions are as follows. (Use data file XR12027.)a. What are the
Students in a large section of a biology class have been randomly assigned to one of two graduate students for the laboratory portion of the class. A random sample of final examination scores has been selected from students supervised by each graduate student, with the following results. (Use data
Each of fifteen 60-watt lightbulbs has been randomly placed into an outlet for which the voltage is 3 volts below the line voltage, 2 volts below the line voltage, or equal to the line voltage. The following data are the lifetimes of the bulbs, expressed in days of continuous use. (Use data file
Safety researchers, interested in determining whether the occupancy of a vehicle might be related to the speed at which the vehicle is driven, have observed the following speed (mph) measurements for two random samples of vehicles. (Use data file XR12030.)a. What are the null and alternative
For the following summary table for a one-way ANOVA, fill in the missing items (indicated by asterisks), identify the null and alternative hypotheses, then use the 0.05 level of significance in reaching a conclusion regarding the null hypothesis.
For the following summary table for a one-way ANOVA, fill in the missing items (indicated by asterisks), identify the null and alternative hypotheses, then use the 0.025 level of significance in reaching a conclusion regarding the null hypothesis.
A researcher has used a standard test in measuring the job-satisfaction scores for employees randomly selected from three departments of a large firm. Interpret the results summarized in the following Minitab output.
A large investment firm claims that no discrepancy exists between the average incomes of its male and female investment counselors. Random samples consisting of 15 male counselors and 17 female counselors have been selected, and the results examined through the use of ANOVA. In terms of this
Given the summary information in Exercise 12.33, verify the calculation of the 95% confidence interval for each of the treatment means.In exercise 12.33A researcher has used a standard test in measuring the job-satisfaction scores for employees randomly selected from three departments of a large
Given the summary information in Exercise 12.34, verify the calculation of the 95% confidence interval for each of the treatment means.In exercise 12.34A large investment firm claims that no discrepancy exists between the average incomes of its male and female investment counselors. Random samples
In general, how do the assumptions, procedures, and results of one-way ANOVA compare with those for the pooled-variances t-test of Chapter 11?
Use the pooled-variances t-test of Chapter 11 in comparing the sample means for the data of Exercise 12.28. Is the conclusion consistent with the one reached in that exercise? Explain.In exercise 12.28
Use the pooled-variances t-test of Chapter 11 in comparing the sample means for the data of Exercise 12.30. Is the conclusion consistent with the one reached in that exercise? Explain.In exercise
What assumptions are required in using the randomized block design?
For the randomized block ANOVA model, xij = μ + τj + βi + εij, explain the meaning of each term in the equation, then use the appropriate terms from the equation in presenting and explaining the possible sets of null and alternative hypotheses that can be tested.
For a randomized block experiment in which there are three treatments and two blocks, the calculated value of F = MSTRyMSE is 16.1. Using the 0.05 level of significance, what conclusion would be reached? Based on the F distribution tables, what is the most accurate statement that could be made
For a randomized block experiment in which there are five treatments and four blocks, the calculated value of F = MSTRyMSE is 3.75. Using the 0.05 level of significance, what conclusion would be reached? Based on the F distribution tables, what is the most accurate statement that could be made
For a randomized block experiment having three treatments and three blocks, the results include the following sum of squares terms. Based on this information, construct the appropriate table of ANOVA summary findings and use the 0.05 level of significance in testing whether all of the treatment
A randomized block design has three different income groups as blocks, and members of each block have been randomly assigned to the treatment groups shown here. For these data, use the 0.01 level in determining whether the treatment effects could both be zero. Using the 0.01 level, evaluate the
Differentiate between the independent and dependent variables in an experiment.
A randomized block design has five different age groups as blocks, and members of each block have been randomly assigned to the treatment groups shown here. For these data, use the 0.05 level in determining whether the treatment effects could all be zero. Using the 0.01 level, evaluate the
The continuous operating lifetime of a battery depends very much on the electrical demands of the device in which the battery is installed. In a test of three battery brands, four examples of each brand are randomly selected. Three examples of four different toys are also randomly selected,
Three racquetball players, one from each skill level, have been randomly selected from the membership list of a health club. Using the same ball, each person hits five serves, one with each of five racquets, and using the racquets in a random order. Each serve is clocked with a radar gun, and the
Two different machine control-button configurations are being tested. Recognizing that some operators are faster than others, management uses seven operators as blocks, then has each operator carry out a standard operation using each control-button layout. Each operator proceeds from one treatment
Given the following summary table for a randomized block design, fill in the missing items (indicated by asterisks), identify the null and alternative hypotheses in terms of the treatment effects, then use the 0.025 level of significance in reaching a conclusion regarding the null hypothesis.
Given the following summary table for a randomized block design, fill in the missing items (indicated by asterisks), identify the null and alternative hypotheses in terms of the treatment effects, then use the 0.05 level of significance in reaching a conclusion regarding the null hypothesis.
The following Minitab output summarizes the results of a randomized block ANOVA in which the blocks consisted of 4 different income categories, the treatments were 3 different kinds of appeals for contributions to a national charity, and the variable measured (dollars) was the amount contributed to
Compare the randomized block ANOVA with two treatments to the dependent-samples t-test of Chapter 11.
Apply the dependent-samples t-test to the data in Exercise 12.49. Is the conclusion consistent with the one reached in that exercise? Explain.In exerciseA randomized block design has three different income groups as blocks, and members of each block have been randomly assigned to the treatment
Why are there more sets of null and alternative hypotheses that can be tested in two-way ANOVA compared to the one-way and randomized block designs?
How is two-way ANOVA similar to the randomized block design? How does it differ?
For the two-way ANOVA model, xijk = μ + αi + βj + (αβ)ij + εijk, explain the meaning of each of the six terms in the equation, then use the appropriate terms from the equation in presenting and explaining the three sets of null and alternative hypotheses that can be tested.
In a two-way ANOVA experiment, factor A is operating on 3 levels, factor B is operating on 2 levels, and there are 2 replications per cell. If MSAyMSE = 5.35, MSByMSE = 5.72, and MSAByMSE = 6.75, and using the 0.05 level of significance, what conclusions would be reached regarding the respective
In a two-way ANOVA experiment, factor A is operating on 4 levels, factor B is operating on 3 levels, and there are 3 replications per cell. If MSAyMSE = 3.54, MSByMSE = 5.55, and MSAByMSE = 12.40, and using the 0.025 level of significance, what conclusions would be reached regarding the respective
For a two-way ANOVA in which factor A operates on 3 levels and factor B operates on 4 levels, there are 2 replications within each cell. Given the following sum of squares terms, construct the appropriate table of ANOVA summary findings and use the 0.05 level in examining the null and alternative
Given the following data for a two-way ANOVA, identify the sets of null and alternative hypotheses, then use the 0.05 level in testing each null hypothesis. (Use data file XR12071.)
Given the following data for a two-way ANOVA, identify the sets of null and alternative hypotheses, then use the 0.05 level in testing each null hypothesis. (Use data file XR12072.)
Given the following data for a two-way ANOVA, identify the sets of null and alternative hypotheses, then use the 0.05 level in testing each null hypothesis. (Use data file XR12073.)
Given the following summary table for a two-way ANOVA, fill in the missing items (indicated by asterisks), identify the sets of null and alternative hypotheses to be examined, then use the 0.05 level in reaching a conclusion regarding each null hypothesis.
A study has been undertaken to examine the effect of background music and assembly method on the productivity of workers on a production line for electronic circuit boards. Each of 8 workers has been randomly assigned to one of 4 cells, as shown here. So that each worker will hear only the intended
For Exercise 12.75, and using the levels of the assembly method factor as the horizontal axis and €œunits produced€ as the vertical axis, plot and connect the cell means for the cells associated with the €œclassical music€ level of the background music
Each of 12 undergraduate students has been randomly assigned to one of the 6 cells shown here. The purpose of the study is to test whether factor A (if a shopping bag is being carried) and factor B (mode of dress) have main and interactive effects regarding the number of seconds it takes to get
For Exercise 12.77, and using the levels of the €œshopping bag carried€ factor as the horizontal axis and €œseconds€ as the vertical axis, plot and connect the cell means for the cells associated with the €œsloppy€ level of the dress
An experiment has been conducted to examine main and interactive effects of factor A (keyboard configuration, 3 levels) and factor B (word processing package, 2 levels). Each cell consists of two replications, representing the number of minutes each of two secretaries randomly assigned to that cell
Through separate calculations, verify the confidence interval for each of the factor-level means shown in the output for Exercise 12.79.In exercise
Compare the respective purposes of one-way, randomized block, and two-way analysis of variance. In general, under what circumstances would each method be used?
The personnel director for a large firm selects a random sample consisting of 100 clerical employees, then finds out whether they have been with the firm for more than 5 years and how many shares of the company’s stock they own. The purpose is to see if longevity within the firm has an influence
Given the situation described in Exercise 12.85, suppose the groups are contrived so that each group contains one driver who is under 21 years of age, one driver who is between 22 and 60, and one driver who is over 60. If the three groups were constructed in this manner, would the ANOVA procedure
A firm that specializes in preparing recent law school graduates for the state bar exam has formulated two alternatives to their current preparation course. To examine the relative effectiveness of the three possible courses, they have set up a study in which they randomly assigned a group of
An industrial sales manager, testing the effectiveness of three different sales presentations, randomly selected a presentation to be used when making the next sales call on 14 customers. The numbers of units purchased as a result of each sales call are shown here. Use the 0.05 level in determining
Four different brands of brake shoes have been installed on 12 city transit buses, with each brand installed on 3 buses selected at random from the 12. The number of thousands of miles before the lining required replacement was as follows for each bus. (Use data file XR12090.)a. From the variation
In an attempt to compare the assessments provided by the four assessors it employs, a municipal official sends each assessor to view the same five homes. Their visits to the homes are in a random order, and the assessments they provide are as shown here. Use the 0.025 level in comparing the
Given the following data from three in de pen dent samples, use the 0.025 level in determining whether the population means could be the same. (Use data file XR12092.)
A testing agency is evaluating three different brands of bathroom scales and has selected random samples of each brand. For brand A, a test object was found to weigh 204, 202, 197, 204, and 205 pounds on the five scales sampled. For four scales of brand B, the test object weighed 201, 199, 196, and
Four different alloy compositions have been used in manufacturing metal rods, with the hardness measurements shown here. Use the 0.05 level of significance in testing whether the population means might be equal, then construct the 95% confidence interval for each population mean. (Use data file
An investor has consulted four different financial advisors with regard to the expected annual rate of return for each of three portfolio possibilities she is considering. The financial advisors have been chosen because they are known to range from very conservative (advisor A) to very optimistic
Researchers have obtained and tested samples of four different brands of nylon rope that are advertised as having a breaking strength of 100 pounds. Given the breaking strengths (in pounds) shown here, use the 0.025 level in comparing the brands. (Use data file XR12096.)
A state law enforcement agency has come up with three different methods for publicizing burglary-prevention measures during vacation periods. Recognizing that there are more burglaries in larger communities than in smaller communities, three communities have been randomly selected from each size
Interested in comparing the effectiveness of four different driving strategies, a government agency has equipped a compact car with a fuel- consumption meter that measures every 0.01 gallon of gasoline consumed. Each of five randomly selected drivers applies each strategy in negotiating the same
A magazine publisher is studying the influence of type style and darkness on the readability of her publication. Each of 12 persons has been randomly assigned to one of the cells in the experiment, and the data are the number of seconds each person requires to read a brief test item. For these
Ted and Luke Thorndike have been approached by several local racquetball players, each of whom would like to be sponsored by Thorndike Sports Equipment during regional tournaments to be held during the next calendar year. In the past, Luke has resisted the sponsorship possibility. His philosophy
Item C of the Springdale Shopping Survey, introduced at the end of Chapter 2, describes variables 7–9 for the survey. These variables represent the general attitude respondents have toward each of the three shopping areas, and they range from 5 (like very much) to 1 (dislike very much). The data
The law firm of Adams, Babcock, and Connors is located in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. Randall Adams is the senior and founding partner in the firm. John Babcock has been a partner in the firm for the past eight years, and Blake Connors became a partner just last year. The firm employs two
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