ISE An Introduction To Business Ethics 7th Edition Joseph R. DesJardins - Solutions

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Use Tables 1.1 and 1.2 to calculate the U.S. balance of trade (Exports of Goods) – (Import of Goods) vis-à-vis our major trading partners.What is the importance of such a calculation? Is a negative balance a reason for alarm?
Besides obeying the law and paying taxes, does a business have any particular duties to the country in which it operates?
Is it possible for the rest of the world to live a consumer lifestyle on a par with the United States?Would this be a good thing? Who should decide this?
What is meant by “the race to the bottom”?
What are three arguments against the trend toward globalization? How would defenders of globalization respond to each?
Are there any conditions under which an American business could employ child labor in a developing country?
How far should the principle “When in Rome, do as the Romans do” extend in international business?
Can you identify any ethical values that legitimately can be applied cross-culturally?
To what degree, if any, are consumers responsible for the way workers are treated in manufacturing plants that produce consumer goods? Would you be less willing to buy an iPad if you learned that it was manufactured in a plant in which workers worked eighty-hour weeks and other workers committed
Nike once famously claimed that they are a marketing company not a manufacturer, and thus they cannot be held responsible for the actions of other companies that produce the goods that Nike sells. To what degree should Apple be held responsible for the actions of Foxconn in China? To what degree
In what sense is Apple, Facebook, or Google a “U.S. company”? Should companies have special loyalty to the countries in which they are incorporated? Why, or why not?
There is an old saying, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” Do you believe that a business should conform to the business and cultural practices of the countries in which they operate, or should they adopt and remain true to the values of their home countries? If bribery is acceptable in
Is there a difference between a reasonable woman and a reasonable man?
Should the severity of workplace harassment be determined solely from the point of view of the victim? Is this fair to the accused harasser?
How would you distinguish between gender harassment and sexual harassment?
When might discrimination in the workplace be justified? Might discrimination on the basis of gender or race ever be justified?
Distinguish among equal opportunity, affirmative action, and preferential treatment.
What reasons, other than intentional discrimination, might explain the inequality of wages, employment, and positions of status?
Is discrimination against an LGBTQ job applicant discrimination “because of sex”? Is discrimination against a transgender job applicant discrimination “because of sex”?
How is discrimination based on sex different from, and similar to, discrimination based on gender?Assume the interpretation of “because of sex” adopted by Attorney General Sessions and evaluate James Damore’s reasoning. Would such discrimination violate the principle that employers should not
Some employers use threats to get employees to behave as they want, as when an employee is told to do something or face being fired. How is quid pro quo sexual harassment different from these other threats?
A hostile workplace is a fact of life for many employees. One’s supervisor might be mean-spirited, demanding, angry, cantankerous, or bad-tempered. No laws prohibit hostile work environments. Why is a hostile work environment based on sex different than one based on the personality of an employer?
Employers discriminate against job applicants and employees all the time. For example, employers regularly discriminate because of grade point averages, college attended, dress, demeanor, and interview skills. What exactly is ethically wrong with workplace discrimination “because of sex”? Why
Attorney General Sessions claimed that the Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination that is based on the biological categories of male and female. Why should those categories be subject to government regulation? Do you think that discrimination based on any other biological (or genetic) category
Explain the four guiding principles of natural capitalism as developed by Lovins, Lovins, and Hawken.
What is the circular flow model of economic transactions? Explain how this model differs from the sustainable economics of Herman Daly.
Give examples of at least two market failures and explain how they represent challenges to the free market understanding of business’s environmental responsibilities.
How would you define a sustainable business? What are the three pillars of sustainability?
What is your understanding of the following: sustainable investing? sustainable agriculture?
Do you think that genetically modified foods should be part of a movement toward sustainable development? Are synthetic pesticides and fertilizers part of that future?
Are there some businesses or industries that cannot or should not become part of sustainable economic development? In what ways can an oil company become sustainable? In what ways can it not?
The Brundtland Commission’s definition of sustainable development includes responsibilities to future generations of people. What responsibilities, if any, do we have to future generations? How might these responsibilities change contemporary business? Are future people stakeholders in the
Explain two ways in which a consumer could be described as vulnerable. What factors might make a person vulnerable in each sense? What are the ethics of marketing to the vulnerable?
To what degree do you think that modern marketing has created a dysfunctional affluent economy in which irrational and trivial consumer demand has replaced personal and social needs?
Explain the concept of consumer privacy. What information can a business legitimately come to know about a customer? What uses can they make of this information?
Explain how the FDA’s standards of deception and unfairness are related. How might an advertisement be both deceptive and unfair?
Distinguish between ethically acceptable means of influencing another and ethically improper means to influence another. Apply your answer to the case of advertisements for prescription drugs.
Distinguish between manipulation, deception, and a lie. Does the ethical wrong with these practices depend most directly on the consequences or on the intent?
Do you agree that the more information someone has about you, the better able they will be to predict your behavior? Do you believe that if they are able to predict your behavior, they will be able to control your behavior?
Do you believe that people can become addicted to digital technologies? Do you believe that online and digital behavior can be controlled? Marketers have always relied on insights from psychology to influence human behavior. How, if at all, is the use of psychology and neuroscience by digital
Are you troubled by the fact that so much information about you is available for purchase? Is personal information about you that is collected by businesses a commodity that they should be allowed to sell to others? Why or why not?
The judge quoted in the Google case described above thought that “even unsophisticated consumers” would know that they are being tracked by Google Apps. Do you think this is correct?Does it matter if a consumer is “sophisticated” or “unsophisticated”?
Most online tracking is done through the use of “cookies,” small files stored on a computer or mobile device that provide information about past browsing history. Should consumers have a right to opt out, or should their explicit consent be required before cookies are installed?
Physically stalking someone can be a crime. Are there parallels between physically stalking someone and regularly monitoring their activities and location on the web? How are they similar? How are they different?
Courts sometimes use the “expectation of privacy” as a test for limiting governmental monitoring. Thus, for example, the police can monitor your behavior without a warrant when you are in a public place but not when you are talking on your phone. What expectations of privacy do you have when
Compare some of these “dark pattern” marketing techniques to phishing and other online or robocall scams. How are they alike? How are they different? Do you reach the same ethical conclusions about all of these?
Explain three ways in which the lowest price might not be the ethically best price.
To what extent should manufacturers be held liable for harms caused by their products?
Explain the concept of negligence and offer an ethical defense of the claim that drug manufacturers should be held liable for negligent testing or production of their products.
Explain why caveat emptor would be the ethically preferred product safety approach of the free market economic theory.
Describe several ways in which consumers are less than free in making choices about which products to purchase.
An old adage in legal investigations is to “follow the money.” This suggests that the best way to identify the culprit is to identify the agent who benefits financially from the harm. Many businesses in the food and beverage industry profit from high-calorie, unhealthy food and drinks. Many
What responsibilities do pharmaceutical companies, drug distribution companies, and pharmacies have for the opioid epidemic? What responsibility do these companies have for knowing about, and therefore taking steps to prevent, misuse of opioids?
Is obesity and opioid addiction the sole responsibility of the individuals who choose to eat unhealthy foods or use opioids? Why or why not?
What responsibilities do fast-food restaurants and soft-drink manufacturers have for the quality of food and drinks that they sell? Do they have any responsibility for the obesity epidemic? Why or why not? Do these foods “cause” obesity?
What public policy approach would be most reasonable to protect consumers from harmful products?Should governments regulate the sale of high-sugar and high-fat food and beverages? How might market and economic forces play a role in protecting consumers?
Explain at least two ethical objections to insider trading. What, exactly, was wrong (if anything) with insiders selling Equifax stock prior to the disclosure of a data breach?
In what way is business like poker? In what way is it different?
Define trust and loyalty. Do all employees have a responsibility to be trustworthy? To be loyal? Why does Duska believe that loyalty is inappropriate in the workplace?
What is a conflict of interest and when and under what conditions are they unethical? Do the dual roles of an employee of a financial institution and a financial advisor constitute an unethical conflict of interest?
How is the relationship between a person and a real estate agent or lawyer similar to the relationship between an employer and employee? How are they different?
Under what circumstances, or for what kinds of tasks, do you think agency problems are most likely to be a challenge?
Review the section on virtue ethics in chapter 2 and explain how the agency problem would be viewed from that perspective.
If you were asked to design a policy that would provide a solution to the agency problem in the company for which you work, where would you begin?
Can you think of examples in your own experience where someone is required to work as an agent for another, or when you were involved as an agent? How is the agent motivated in this particular case?
In what ways do elected officials and judges function as gatekeepers or watchdogs?
Should a principle of “buyer beware” be the standard in the financial advisory and financial services industries? Why or why not?
What strategies are available for requiring professionals to fulfill their professional duties when these run counter to the interests of their employers?
Who is harmed when gatekeepers failed in their duties? For example, who is harmed by misleading audits?Who benefits?
Reflect on all the ways in which you trust others during your daily life. How would your life change if you could not trust others? What institutions do you trust? What and who do you not trust?
Explain how individual bargaining between employer and employee would be the preferred method of the economic model of corporate social responsibility for establishing a healthy and safe workplace. Describe at least two objections to this approach.
Explain what you take to be the strongest argument in defense of an employee’s right to participate in managerial decision making. Explain what you take to be the strongest argument against such a right.
What is the definition of due process? How does this relate to the concept of just cause?
What is the legal doctrine of employment at will? Explain three different legislative or judicial limitations on this doctrine. Do you think any are unreasonable?
Explain three different meanings of a right to work. Which, if any, do you think should be among the moral rights of employees?
Explain the difference between an employee’s legal, contractual, and moral rights.
If you are not doing anything wrong, why should you worry about what activities are being monitored by your employer?
Do you think that people care less about their privacy now than they did in the past? Have you become comfortable with the amount of personal information that business has about you?
Are there other human rights—for example, free speech, freedom of religion—that you think might be in jeopardy in the workplace?
Do you agree with Tim Cook that privacy is a human right? How do we determine what counts as a right?
How does the Greek philosophical notion of a telos relate to the human fulfillment theory of work?
Do you agree with Larry Fink that employers who do deliver in providing more meaningful and flexible workplaces will reap the rewards of greater economic performance? Can you think of any jobs or industries in which this is more, or less, likely to occur?
Do you think that providing “meaningful work” should be understood as a duty of employers, or is it simply one benefit that can be offered if an employer chooses?
If you worked in HR for a company seeking to hire, what would you recommend to attract workers who have left during the “Great Resignation”?
Do you think that work from home makes work more or less attractive? What changes, post-pandemic, do you think employees will most demand?
What would make work more “meaningful” for you?
What factors other than wages would influence you to change jobs? To take a job? To quit a job? Other than wages, what are the three most important aspects of any job you would seek? If not for wages, why work? If you were granted extra time each day, would you choose to spend any of it at work?
Could you ever envision a point in your own life before retirement when you would be willing to trade wages and income for more leisure time? Besides taking time away from work to raise a family, what other reasons might lead you to consider such a decision? Do you know anyone who has done this?
Put yourself in the position of someone who is establishing an organization from the ground up.What type of leader would you want to be? How would you create that image or perception? Do you create a mission statement for the firm, a code of conduct? What process would you use to do so?Would you
One element that surely impacts a firm’s culture is its employee population. While a corporate culture can shape an employee’s attitudes and habits, this will be more easily done if people with those attitudes and habits already developed are hired in the first place. How would you develop a
Changing a corporate culture is very difficult. Imagine that you are asked after their recent scandals to help move a firm like Wells Fargo toward a more ethical culture. How would you begin to set the stage for this transition? What reasons would you use to support the change?How would you change
Consider how you evaluate whether a firm is “one of the good guys” or not. What are some of the factors that you use to make this determination? Identify one firm that you believe to be decent or ethical and make a note of the bases for that conclusion. Next identify a second firm that you do
To help understand an organizational culture, think about some organization to which you belong.Does your company or school or fraternity/sorority have its own culture? How would you describe it? How does it influence individual decision making and action? Would you be a different person had you
Is it fair to expect employees, whether they are professionals such as branch managers and accountants, or entry-level salespeople, to confront management over directives that they believe are unethical?
How do you understand the difference between a fiduciary model and a transactional, consumerist model of business–customer relationship? What reasons exist for the fiduciary model? Is there an ethical difference between the two?
Sometimes when we assign responsibility, we are looking for someone to blame, someone who is at fault.Who do you blame in this case? Sometimes the question of responsibility is asked so that we can identify the cause and, in turn, prevent it from happening again. What recommendations would you make
Where would you place primary responsibility for this scandal: individual employees who forged customers’ accounts, managers who oversaw those employees, senior executives, board members, or the corporation itself?
Who were the stakeholders in this case?
As described in chapter 1, a helpful first step in any ethical analysis is to look for harms and benefits.What harms were done by this fraud? Can you explain exactly what the ethical wrong was? Who, other than consumers, were harmed? Who benefited? Did the parties who benefited deserve the benefit?
On what basis should social media platforms engage in content moderation? Where should they draw the line? On what grounds should they de-platform or censor some users? Does it matter if the company is private or publicly traded?

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