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business
business statistics in practice
Business Statistics Plus Pearson Mylab Statistics With Pearson Etext 3rd Edition Norean R Sharpe ,Richard D De Veaux ,Paul Velleman - Solutions
=+summarizes the medals/capita counts for the 100 countries with the most medals.
=+26. Olympic medals. In the history of the modern Olympics, the United States has won more medals than any other country. But the United States has a large population.Perhaps a better measure of success is the number of medals won per capita—that is the number of medals divided by the
=+25. Environmental hazard 2012. Data from the International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation Limited (www.itopf.com) give the cause of spillage for 455 large oil tanker accidents from 1970 to 2012. Here are the displays. Write a brief report interpreting what the displays show. Is a pie chart
=+d) Write a couple of sentences on where observed attack traffic originates.
=+c) Would a pie chart be an effective way of communicating this information? Why or why not?
=+b) Make a bar chart to display the results and label it clearly.
=+a) What do you notice about the percentages listed?
=+24. Attack traffic. According to Akamai’s 2013 State of the Internet report (www.akamai.com/stateoftheinternet/), 35%of observed attack traffic originated from China, 20% from Indonesia, 11% from the US, 5.2% from Taiwan and 2.6%from Russia.
=+d) Write a couple of sentences on how small businesses felt about the difficulty of obtaining credit in late 2011.
=+c) Would a pie chart be an effective way of communicating this information? Why or why not?
=+b) Make a bar chart to display the results and label it clearly.
=+a) What do you notice about the percentages listed? How could this be?
=+23. Small business productivity. The Wells Fargo/Gallup Small Business Index asked 604 small business owners in October 2011 “how difficult or easy do you think it will be for your company to obtain credit when you need it?” 22% said “Very difficult,” 21% “Somewhat difficult,”28%
=+22. Soft drinks. A domestic soft drink distributor reported that their market sales for the previous year were broken down as follows: 38.9% Pepsi, 48.2% Sprite, and the rest of their $35 million revenues were due to diet soft drinks.Create an appropriate graphical display of this data and
=+28.1% at Level 2, which is unique for the OECD. More than 60% score at the highest levels with 43.7% scoring at Level 3 and 18.8% scoring at Level 4 or 5. Create an appropriate graphical display of this information and write a sentence or two that might appear in a newspaper article about
=+21. Numeracy skills. According to the OECD’s Skills Outlook 2013 report, Japanese adults have the highest proficiency in numeracy. Less than 40% of Japanese adults score at the lowest two levels with 8.2% scoring at Level 1 or below and
=+b) Is it reasonable to conclude that 10.00% of economy-class passengers think that the services offered are excellent?
=+a) Compare the distribution of opinions between first-class passengers and economy-class passengers.
=+20. College value? An international airline company asked 2023 of its first-class passengers and 1255 of its economyclass passengers whether they would “rate the on-board services offered to passengers while in flight” as Excellent, Good, Only Fair, or Poor.Class Excellent Good Only Fair
=+c) Create an appropriate display for these data.
=+b) What percent of deaths were from causes not listed here?
=+a) Is it reasonable to conclude that heart or respiratory diseases were the cause of approximately 38% of U.S. deaths during this year?
=+19. Insurance company. An insurance company is updating its payouts and cost structure for their insurance policies. Of particular interest to them is the risk analysis for customers currently on heart or blood pressure medication. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (www.cdc.gov)
=+b) Does Mountain Dew or Dr Pepper have a bigger market share? Is that comparison easier to make with the pie chart or the bar chart of Exercise 16?
=+a) Which display of these data is best for comparing the market shares of these brands? Explain.
=+18. World market share again. Here’s a pie chart of the data in Exercise 16.Other Dr Pepper Mountain Dew Diet Coke Coke Pepsi-Cola
=+b) What is missing from this display that might make it somewhat misleading?
=+a) Compared to the pie chart in Exercise 15, which is better for displaying the relative portions of market share?Explain.
=+17. Market share again. Here’s a bar chart of the data in Exercise 15.Market Share 50%40%30%20%10%0%Coca-Cola PepsiCo Dr Pepper Snapple Cott National Beverage
=+c) Which brand had the larger market share—Mountain Dew or Dr Pepper?
=+b) Which brand had the largest share of the beverage market?
=+16. World market share. The Wall Street Journal article described in Exercise 15 also indicated the market share of the leading brands of carbonated beverages. The following bar chart displays the values:50%60%Market Share 40%30%20%10%0% Other Coke Diet Coke Pepsi-Cola Mt. Dew Dr Peppera) Is
=+b) Is this an appropriate method to display this data?
=+a) Which brand of bottled water has the highest consumption?
=+15. Bottled water market share. A local survey company conducted a survey on the consumption of bottled water in its region of operations. The results of the survey were summarized in the following pie chart:Brand 1 Brand 2 Brand 3 Brand 4 Brand 5 Brand 6
=+d) Do you think the article correctly interprets the data?Explain.
=+c) Does the accompanying article tell the W’s of the variable?
=+14. Tables in the news, part 2. Find a contingency table of categorical data from a business publication (e.g., Bloomberg Businessweek, Fortune, The Wall Street Journal, etc.).a) Is it clearly labeled?b) Does it display percentages or counts?
=+d) Do you think the article correctly interprets the data?Explain.
=+c) Does the accompanying article tell the W’s of the variable?
=+13. Tables in the news. Find a frequency table of categorical data from a business publication (e.g., Bloomberg Businessweek, Fortune, The Wall Street Journal, etc.).a) Is it clearly labeled?b) Does it display percentages or counts?
=+d) Do you think the article correctly interprets the data?Explain.
=+c) Does the accompanying article tell the W’s of the variable?
=+b) Does it violate the area principle?
=+12. Graphs in the news, part 2. Find a pie chart of categorical data from a business publication (e.g., Bloomberg Businessweek, Fortune, The Wall Street Journal, etc.).a) Is the graph clearly labeled?
=+d) Do you think the article correctly interprets the data?Explain.
=+c) Does the accompanying article tell the W’s of the variable?
=+b) Does it violate the area principle?
=+a) Is the graph clearly labeled?
=+11. Graphs in the news. Find a bar graph of categorical data from a business publication (e.g., Bloomberg Businessweek, Fortune, The Wall Street Journal, etc.).
=+e) How would a mosaic plot represent these data more appropriately?Chapter Exercises
=+d) Is it easier to see the differences in the distributions using the column percentages or the segmented bar chart?
=+10. For the table in Exercise 8:a) Find the column percentages.b) Looking at the column percentages in parta, does the distribution of how many times someone has seen the movie look the same for each age group? Comment briefly.c) Make a segmented bar chart, showing the distribution of viewings
=+e) How would a mosaic plot help to accurately display these data?
=+d) Is it easier to see the differences in the distributions using the column percentages or the segmented bar chart?
=+c) Make a sebmented or stacked bar chart showing the tenure distribution for each educational level.
=+9. For the table in Exercise 7:a) Find the column percentages.b) Looking at the column percentages in parta, does the tenure distribution (how long the employee has been with the company) for each educational level look the same?Comment briefly.
=+b) Verify that the marginal distribution of the ages is the same as that given in Exercise 2.Section 2.4
=+a) Find the marginal distribution of their previous viewing of the movie. (Hint: Find the row totals.)
=+8. In addition to their age levels, the movie audiences in Exercise 2 were also asked if they had seen the movie before (Never, Once, More than Once). Here is a table showing the responses by age group:Under 6 6–9 10–14 15–21 Over 21 Never 39 60 84 16 151 Once 3 20 38 2 15 More Than Once
=+b) Verify that the marginal distribution of the education level is the same as that given in Exercise 1.
=+a) Find the marginal distribution of the tenure. (Hint: Find the row totals.)
=+7. From Exercise 1, we also have data on how long each person has been with the company (tenure) categorized into three levels: less than 1 year, between 1 and 5 years, and more than 5 years. A table of the two variables together looks like:None AA BA MA PhD*1 Year 10 3 50 20 12 1–5 Years 42 9
=+6. For the ages described in Exercise 2:a) Write two to four sentences summarizing the distribution.b) What possible problems do you see in concluding that the age distribution from these surveys accurately represents the ages of the national audience for this film?Section 2.3
=+b) Make a relative frequency bar chart using percentages on the y-axis.c) Make a pie chart.
=+a) Make a bar chart using counts on the y-axis.
=+3. From the educational level data described in Exercise 1:
=+a) Make a frequency table.b) Make a relative frequency table.
=+old, 10 to 14 years old, 15 to 21 years old, or older than 21.From 470 responses, you find out that 45 are younger than 6, 83 are 6 to 9 years old, 154 are 10 to 14, 18 are 15 to 21, and 170 are older than 21. For the age distribution:
=+latest film. With the help of 10 of your colleagues, you conduct exit interviews by randomly selecting people to question at 20 different movie theaters. You ask them to tell you if they are younger than 6 years old, 6 to 9 years
=+2. As part of the marketing group at Pixar, you are asked to find out the age distribution of the audience of Pixar’s
=+you find that 164 have no college degree (None), 42 have an associate’s degree (AA), 225 have a bachelor’s degree(BA), 52 have a master’s degree (MA), and 29 have PhDs.For the educational level of your division:a) Make a frequency table.b) Make a relative frequency table.
=+1. As part of the human resource group of your company you are asked to summarize the educational levels of the 512 employees in your division. From company records,
=+• Propose an ethical solution that considers the welfare of all stakeholders.
=+• What are the undesirable consequences?
=+• Identify the ethical dilemma in this scenario.
=+7 Does it seem that Eye Condition and Sex might be dependent? Explain.
=+6 Compare the percent who are female among nearsighted customers to the percent of all customers who are female.
=+5 What’s the conditional distribution of Eye Condition for males?
=+4 What’s the distribution of Eye Condition?
=+3 What percent of all customers are farsighted females?
=+2 What percent of nearsighted customers are female?
=+1 What percent of females are farsighted?
=+34. Developments in well-being. OECD Better Life Initiative data for Spain for the second wave in 2013 compared to the first wave of data in 2011.
=+33. OECD well-being. Comparison of OECD 2013 wellbeing indicators for 36 different countries.
=+2 Policy number: identifier (categorical)Years claim free: quantitative Net property premium: quantitative ($)Net liability premium: quantitative ($)Total property value: quantitative ($)Median age in ZIP code: quantitative School?: categorical (true/false)Territory: categorical Coverage:
=+What—policy number, years claim free, net property premium ($), net liability premium ($), total property value ($000), median age in ZIP code, school?, territory, coverage How—company records When—not given
=+1 Who—policies on churches and schools
=+32. Motorcycle sales. Number of motorcycles sold by a dealership in each month of 2014.
=+31. Car sales. Number of cars sold by each salesperson in a dealership in September.
=+30. Command performance. Data collected on investments in Broadway shows: number of investors, total invested, name of the show, profit/loss after one year.For the following examples in Exercises 31 to 34, indicate whether the data are time-series or cross-sectional.
=+29. Education in Better Life. The 2013 OECD data file of the Better Life Initiative contains the following data related to education: country name, the country’s topic score for education, educational attainment score, reading skills score, and score for years in education.
=+28. Employee performance. Data collected to determine performance-based bonuses: employee ID, average contract closed (in $), supervisor’s rating (1–10), years with the company.
=+27. Mortgages. For a study of mortgage loan performance:amount of the loan, the name of the borrower.
=+When you organize data in a spreadsheet, it is important to lay it out as a data table. For each of these examples in Exercises 27 to 30, show how you would lay out these data.Indicate the headings of columns and what would be found in each row.
=+table at the bottom of the page shows the data for the first few and a few recent races. http://www.kentuckyderby.ag/kentuckyderby-results.php and http://horseracing.about.com/od/history/l/blderbywin.htm Date Winner Margin (lengths) Jockey Winner’s Payoff ($) Duration (min:sec) Track Condition
=+2007 Dario Franchitti Dallara/Honda 3.2943 151.774 27 2008 Scott Dixon Dallara 3.4826 143.567 9 2009 Hélio Castroneves Dallara 3.3262 150.318 3 2010 Dario Franchitti Dallara/Honda 3.0936 161.623 10 2011 Dan Wheldon Dallara/Honda 2.9366 170.265 98 2012 Dario Franchitti Dallara/Honda 2.9809
=+was being presented with the winner’s trophy, and Mulford’s protests were ignored. Harroun averaged 74.6 mph for the 500 miles. Here are the data for the first few and six recent Indianapolis 500 races.Year Winner Car Time(hrs)Speed(mph) Car #1911 Ray Harroun Marmon Model 32 6.7022 74.602 32
=+25. Indy 2009. The 2.5-mile Indianapolis Motor Speedway has been the home to a race on Memorial Day nearly every year since 1911. Even during the first race there were controversies. Ralph Mulford was given the checkered flag first but took three extra laps just to make sure he’d completed 500
=+24. Theme park sites. A study on the potential for developing theme parks in various locations throughout Europe in 2013 collects the following information: the country where the proposed site is located, estimated cost to acquire site, size of population within a one-hour drive of the site,
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