Database Concepts 6th Edition David M Kroenke, David J Auer - Solutions

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You may want to keep a personal journal of ideas and observations about database management while you are studying this book. Use this journal to record comments you hear, summaries of news stories or professional articles you read, original ideas or hypotheses you create, uniform resource locators
Interview a systems analyst or database analyst and ask questions about how that organization uses CASE tools in the systems development process. Concentrate your questions on how CASE tools are used to support data modeling and database design and how the CASE tool’s repository maintains the
Interview a systems analyst or database analyst and ask questions about the typical composition of an information systems development team. Specifically, what role does a database analyst play in project teams? Is a database analyst used throughout the systems development process or is the database
Interview systems and database analysts at this organization. Ask them to describe their systems development process. Does it resemble more the systems development life cycle or prototyping? Do they use methodologies similar to both? When do they use their different methodologies? Explore the
Consider a major database in this organization, such as one supporting customer interactions, accounting, or manufacturing. What is the architecture for this database? Is the organization using some form of client/server architecture?Interview information systems managers in this organization to
Determine the company’s use of intranet, extranet, or other Web-enabled business processes. For each type of process, determine its purpose and the database management system that is being used in conjunction with the networks. Ask what the company’s plans are for the next year with regard to
Talk with a database administrator or designer from the organization. What type of metadata does this organization maintain about its databases? Why did the organization choose to keep track of these and not other metadata? What tools are used to maintain these metadata?
Investigate whether the organization follows more of a traditional file processing approach or the database approach to organizing data. How many different databases does the organization have? Try to draw a figure, similar to Figure 1-2, to depict some or all of the files and databases in this
In this chapter, we described four important data models and their properties: enterprise, conceptual, logical, and physical. In the following table, summarize the important properties of these data models by entering a Y (for Yes) or an N (for No) in each cell of the table.
Helen Jarvis wants to determine the most important customers for Home Office products. She requests a listing of total dollar sales year-to-date for each customer who bought these products, as revealed by invoiced payments. The list is to be sorted in descending order, so that the largest customer
Consider the SQL query in Figure 1-19.a. How is Sales to Date calculated?b. How would the query have to change if Helen Jarvis wanted to see the results for all of the product lines, not just the Home Office product line?
Answer the following questions concerning Figures 1-16 and 1-17:a. What will be the field size for the ProductLineName field in the Product table? Why?b. In Figure 1-17, how is the ProductID field in the Product table specified to be required? Why is it a required attribute?c. In Figure 1-17,
Consider Figure 1-15. Explain the meaning of the line that connects ORDER to INVOICE and the line that connects INVOICE to PAYMENT. What does this say about how Pine Valley Furniture Company does business with its customers?
Consider an organization with which you frequently interact, such as a bank, credit card company, university, or insurance company, from which you receive several computergenerated messages, such as monthly statements, transaction slips, and so forth. Depict the data included in each message you
Is it possible that during the physical database design and creation step of database development you might want to return to the logical database design activity? Why or why not? If it is possible, give an example of what might arise during physical database design and creation that would cause
Explain the differences between an enterprise data model and a conceptual data model. How many databases does each represent? What scope of the organization does each address? What are other salient differences?
The objective of the prototyping systems development methodology is to rapidly build and rebuild an information system as the user and systems analyst learn from use of the prototype what features should be included in the evolving information system. Because the final prototype does not have to
Contrast the top-down nature of database development during conceptual data modeling with the bottom-up nature of database development during logical database design. What major differences exist in the type of information considered in each of these two database development steps?
Consider your business school or other academic unit as a business enterprise.a. Define several major data entity types and draw a preliminary enterprise data model (similar in notation to Figure 1-3a).b. Would your business school or academic unit benefit from a multiple-tiered architecture for
List three additional entities that might appear in an enterprise data model for Pine Valley Furniture Company (Figure 1-3a).
What is your reaction to the representation of the systems development life cycle included in this chapter? Explain any problems you have with it.
Consider Figure 1-7, which depicts a hypothetical threetiered database architecture. Identify potential duplications of data across all the databases listed on this figure. What problems might arise because of this duplication? Does this duplication violate the principles of the database approach
Figure 1-21 shows an enterprise data model for a pet store.a. What is the relationship between Pet and Store (one-toone, many-to-many, or one-to-many)?b. What is the relationship between Customer and Pet?c. Do you think there should be a relationship between Customer and Store?
Great Lakes Insurance would like to implement a relational database for both its in-house and outside agents. The outside agents will use notebook computers to keep track of customers and policy information. Based on what you have learned in this chapter, what type (or types) of database(s)would
A driver’s license bureau maintains a database of licensed drivers. State whether each of the following represents data or metadata. If it represents data, state whether it is structured or unstructured data. If it represents metadata, state whether it is a fact describing a property of data or a
Consider a student club or organization in which you are a member. What are the data entities of this enterprise? List and define each entity. Then, develop an enterprise data model (such as Figure 1-3a) showing these entities and important relationships between them.
In the section “Disadvantages of File Processing Systems,” the statement is made that the disadvantages of file processing systems can also be limitations of databases, depending on how an organization manages its databases. First, why do organizations create multiple databases, not just one
Table 1-1 shows example metadata for a set of data items.Identify three other columns for these data (i.e., three other metadata characteristics for the listed attributes) and complete the entries of the table in Table 1-1 for these three additional columns.
Reread the definitions for data and database in this chapter.Database management systems only recently began to include the capability to store and retrieve more than numeric and textual data. What special data storage, retrieval, and maintenance capabilities do images, sound, video, and other
For each of the following pairs of related entities, indicate whether (under typical circumstances) there is a one-tomany or a many-to-many relationship. Then, using the shorthand notation introduced in the text, draw a diagram for each of the relationships.a. STUDENT and COURSE (students register
As the ability to handle large amounts of data improves, describe three business areas where these very large databases are being used effectively
Why might Pine Valley Furniture Company need a data warehouse?
In the three-schema architecture:a. The view of a manager or other type of user is called the schema.b. The view of the data architect or data administrator is called the schema.c. The view of the database administrator is called the schema.
Explain the differences between user views, a conceptual schema, and an internal schema as different perspectives of the same database.
Are there procedures and processes that are common to the use of SDLC, prototyping, and agile methodologies?Explain any that you can identify and then indicate why the methodologies are considered to be different even though fundamental procedures and processes are still included.
In which of the five phases of the SDLC do database development activities occur?
Name the five phases of the traditional systems development life cycle, and explain the purpose and deliverables of each phase.
In the three-tiered database architecture, is it possible for there to be no database on a particular tier? If not, why? If yes, give an example.
Define a three-tiered database architecture.
List five costs or risks associated with the database approach.
List 10 potential benefits of the database approach over conventional file systems.
What does the term data independence mean, and why is it an important goal?
How are relationships between tables expressed in a relational database?
List the nine major components in a database system environment.
List five disadvantages of file processing systems.
Contrast the following terms:a. data dependence; data independenceb. structured data; unstructured datac. data; informationd. repository; databasee. entity; enterprise data modelf. data warehouse; ERP system g. two-tier databases; multitier databases h. systems development life cycle; prototyping
Write an SQL statement to display the OwnerLastName, OwnerFirstName, PetName, Pet Type, PetBreed, and AverageLifeExpectancy for pets with a known PetBreed.AppendixLO1 FIGURE & BREED Data BreedName Min Weight MaxWeight Average Life Expectancy Border Collie 15.0 22.5 20 Cashmere 10.0 15.0 12 Collie
Answer question 3.33 but do not consider any pet having the PetBreed value of Unknown.AppendixLO1 FIGURE 3-19 PET 3 Data PetID PetName PetType PetBreed PetDOB Pet Weight OwnerID King Dog Std. Poodle 27-Feb-09 25.5 1 2 Teddy Cat Cashmere 01-Feb-10 10.5 3 Fido Dog Std. Poodle 17-Jul-08 28.5 4 AJ Dog
Is PET or PET 2 a better design? Explain your rationale.AppendixLO1 FIGURE 3-17 PET OWNER Data OwnerLastName OwnerID OwnerFirstName Owner Phone 1 Downs Marsha 555-537-8765 2 James Richard 555-537-7654 3 Frier Liz 555-537-6543 4 Trent Miles FIGURE 3-18 OwnerEmail Marsha.Downs@somewhere.com Richard
Develop a data model of a genealogical diagram. Model all parents, including stepparents. Use the IE Crow's Foot E-R model for your E-R diagrams.AppendixLO1
Develop a data model of a genealogical diagram. Model only biological parents; do not model stepparents. Use the IE Crow's Foot E-R model for your E-R diagrams.AppendixLO1
Using recursive relationships, as appropriate, develop a data model of the boxcars on a railway train. Use the IE Crow's Foot E-R model for your E-R diagrams.AppendixLO1
Extend your work for question 4.28 to include supplies that Heather uses on a pro- ject. Assume that she wants to track the description, price, and amount used of each supply. Supplies are used on multiple days of a project. Use the IE Crow's Foot E-R model for your E-R diagrams.AppendixLO1
Suppose that Heather Sweeney wants to include records of her consulting ser- vices in her database. Extend the data model in Figure 4-20(c) to include CONSULTING PROJECT and DAILY PROJECT HOURS entities. CONSULTING PROJECT contains data about a particular project for one of Heather's customers, and
Summarize one technique for evaluating a data model and explain how that technique could be used to evaluate the data model in Figure 4-20(c).AppendixLO1
Describe why it is important to validate a data model.AppendixLO1
Give an example of a business rule for your work for question 4.17.AppendixLO1
Give an example of a recursive relationship other than the one shown in this chapter. Draw an IE Crow's Foot E-R diagram for your example.AppendixLO1
What is an inclusive subtype relationship? Give an example other than one shown in this chapter. Draw an IE Crow's Foot E-R diagram for your example.AppendixLO1
What is an exclusive subtype relationship? Give an example other than one shown in this book. Draw an IE Crow's Foot E-R diagram for your example.AppendixLO1
Define the terms supertype, subtype, and discriminator.AppendixLO1
Explain the ambiguity in the definition of the term weak entity. Explain how this book interprets this term.AppendixLO1
Define the term weak entity and give an example other than one used in this text. Draw an IE Crow's Foot E-R diagram for your example.AppendixLO1
Define the term ID-dependent entity and give an example other than one used in this text. Draw an IE Crow's Foot E-R diagram for your example.AppendixLO1
Draw an IE Crow's Foot E-R diagram for the entities DEPARTMENT and EMPLOYEE and the 1:N relationship between them. Assume that a DEPARTMENT does not need to have an EMPLOYEE, but that every EMPLOYEE is assigned to a DEPARTMENT. Include appropriate identifiers and attributes for each
Define the terms maximum cardinality and minimum cardinality.AppendixLO1
List and give an example of the three types of binary relationships other than the ones used in this book. Draw both a traditional E-R diagram and an IE Crow's Foot E-R diagram for each.AppendixLO1
Define the term degree of relationship. Give an example, other than one used in this text, of a relationship greater than degree two.AppendixLO1
Explain the difference between a relationship class and a relationship instance.AppendixLO1
Define the term relationship and give an example other than those used in this book.AppendixLO1
Define the term composite identifier and give an example other than those used in this book.AppendixLO1
Define the term identifier and indicate which attribute defined in your answer to question 4.9 identifies the entity.AppendixLO1
Define the term attribute and give examples for the entity you described in question 4.7.AppendixLO1
Explain the difference between an entity class and an entity instance.AppendixLO1
Define the term entity and give an example other than those used in this book.AppendixLO1
Give an example of a business rule that would need to be documented in a database development project.AppendixLO1
Give an example of a data constraint.AppendixLO1
What is a use case, and what is its purpose?AppendixLO1
What is a prototype, and what is its purpose?AppendixLO1
What is a data model, and what is its purpose?AppendixLO1
Name the three stages in the process of developing database systems. Summarize the tasks in each.AppendixLO1
The text states that you can argue that "the only reason for having relations is to store instances of functional dependencies." Explain, in your own words, what this means.AppendixLO1
Alter question 2.40 to allow students to have multiple majors. In this case, the relational structure is: STUDENT (Student Number, StudentName, SiblingName, Major) A. Show an example of this relation for two students, one of whom has three siblings and the other of whom has one sibling. Assume that
Consider the following relation: STUDENT(Student Number. Student Name, SiblingName, Major) Assume that the values of SiblingName are the names of all of a given student's brothers and sisters; also assume that students have at most one major. A. Show an example of this relation for two students,
Apply the normalization process to the Veterinary Office List-Version Two relation shown in Figure 1-31 (see page 52) to develop a set of normalized relations. Show the results of each of the steps in the normalization process.AppendixLO1
Apply the normalization process to the Veterinary Office List-Version One relation shown in Figure 1-30 (see page 52) to develop a set of normalized relations. Show the results of each of the steps in the normalization process.AppendixLO1
Explain a modification problem that occurs when changing data in the relation in question 2.35 and a second modification problem that occurs when deleting data in this relation.AppendixLO1
Using the assumptions you stated in your answer to question 2.35, what are the determinants of this relation? What attribute(s) can be the primary key of this relation?AppendixLO1
Examine the data in the Veterinary Office List-Version Two in Figure 1-31 (see page 52) and state assumptions about functional dependencies in that table.AppendixLO1
Describe a modification problem that occurs when changing data in the relation in question 2.32 and a second modification problem that occurs when deleting data in this relation.AppendixLO1
Using the assumptions you stated in your answer to question 2.32, what are the determinants of this relation? What attribute(s) can be the primary key of this relation?AppendixLO1
Examine the data in the Veterinary Office List-Version One in Figure 1-30 (see page 52) and state assumptions about functional dependencies in that table. What is the danger of making such conclusions on the basis of sample data?AppendixLO1
In your own words, describe the nature and purpose of the normalization process.AppendixLO1
How does your answer to question 2.29 change if you allow a relation to have dupli- cate data?AppendixLO1
If you assume that a relation has no duplicate data, how do you know there is always at least one primary key?AppendixLO1
Define the term primary key in terms of functional dependencies.AppendixLO1
Explain the differences in your answers to questions 2.25 and 2.26.AppendixLO1
Explain the meaning of the following expression: (D. E) F Given this expression, tell if it is also true that: DF and: ET AppendixLO1
Explain the meaning of the following expression: A (B. C) Given this expression, tell if it is also true that: and: AC AppendixLO1
In the following equation, name the functional dependency and identify the determinant(s): Area Length x Width =AppendixLO1

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Database Concepts 6th Edition David M Kroenke, David J Auer - Solutions

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