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Modern Database Management 10th Edition Heikki Topi, Jeffrey A Hoffer, Ramesh Venkataraman - Solutions
Assuming that management decides on a distributed database, what data distribution strategy would you recommend?
Management would like to consider utilizing one centralized database at the manufacturing facility that can be accessed via a wide area network from the remote order processing center. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this.
Pine Valley Furniture has opened up another office for receiving and processing orders. This office will deal exclusively with customers west of the Mississippi River. The order processing center located at the manufacturing plant will process orders for customers west of the Mississippi River as
Research the Web for relevant articles on Web services and how they may impact distributed databases. Report on your findings.
How would your overall distribution strategy differ if this were an OLTP system instead of a data mart?
How would your strategy change for Problem and Exercise 12 if management did not want agents to have a copy of any data but their own? Explain how you would accomplish this.
The sales and marketing organization would like to enable agents to access the data mart in order to produce commission reports and to follow up on clients. Assuming that there are 30 different offices, what strategy would you recommend for distributing the data mart? What if there were 150 of them?
Explain how you would accomplish weekly updates of the data mart if a distributed database were justified.
Assuming that a distributed database is justified, what would you recommend for a data distribution strategy?Justify your decision.
Assume that the data mart needs to be accessed by Fitchwood’s main office as well as its service center in Florida. Keeping in mind that data are updated weekly, would you recommend a distributed database, a centralized database, or set of decentralized databases? State any assumptions.
Consider the following normalized relations for a database in a large retail store chain:STORE (StoreID, Region, ManagerID, SquareFeet)EMPLOYEE (EmployeeID, WhereWork, EmployeeName, EmployeeAddress)DEPARTMENT (DepartmentID, ManagerID, SalesGoal)SCHEDULE (DepartmentID, EmployeeID, Date)Assume that a
Consider the SUPPLIER, PART, and SHIPMENT relations and distributed database mentioned in the section on query optimization in this chapter.a. Write a global SQL query (submitted in Columbus) to display the PartNumber and Color for every part that is not supplied by a supplier in Chicago.b. Design
Do any of the six query-processing strategies in Table 12-2 utilize a semijoin? If so, explain how a semijoin is used. If not, explain how you might use a semijoin to create an efficient query-processing strategy or why the use of a semijoin will not work in this situation.
Explain the major factors at work in creating the drastically different results for the six query-processing strategies outlined in Table 12-2.
Speculate on why you think a truly heterogeneous distributed database environment is difficult to achieve. What specific difficulties exist in this environment?
Consider the four parts databases in Figure 12-9.a. Write an SQL statement that will increase the Balance in PartNumber 98765 in Tulsa Parts by 20 percent and another SQL statement that will decrease the Balance in PartNumber 12345 in New York Parts by 20 percent.b. Indicate whether the statement
Consider the Standard Price List in Figure 12-9.a. Write an SQL statement that will increase the UnitPrice of PartNumber 98756 by 10 percent.b. Indicate whether the statement you wrote in part a is acceptable under each of the following:• Remote unit of work• Distributed unit of work•
Name the type of transparency (location, replication, failure, concurrency) that is indicated by each statement.a. End users in New York and Tulsa are updating the Engineering Parts database in San Mateo at the same time. Neither user is aware that the other is accessing the data, and the system
Briefly explain the conditions that suggest the use of a semijoin will result in faster distributed query processing.
Briefly describe the three steps in distributed query processing.
Briefly describe three improvements to the two-phase commit protocol.
Briefly explain in what way two-phase commit can still fail to create a completely consistent distributed database.
Briefly explain the effect of replication transparency on an author of an ad hoc database query.
Briefly explain the effect of location transparency on an author of an ad hoc database query.
Briefly describe six unique functions performed by a distributed database management system.
Briefly describe five factors that influence the selection of a distributed database design strategy.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of vertical partitioning for distributed databases.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of horizontal partitioning for distributed databases.
Briefly describe five factors that influence whether data replication is a viable distributed database design strategy for an application.
Explain under what circumstances a near-real-time replication approach would be best.
Explain under what circumstances a snapshot replication approach would be best.
Briefly describe two disadvantages to the data replication form of distributed databases.
Briefly describe five advantages to the data replication form of distributed databases.
Briefly describe four costs and disadvantages of distributed databases.
Briefly describe five advantages for distributed databases compared with centralized databases.
Briefly describe four major characteristics of heterogeneous distributed databases.
Briefly describe five major characteristics of homogeneous distributed databases.
Explain two types of homogeneous distributed databases.
Briefly describe six business conditions that are encouraging the use of distributed databases.
Contrast the following terms:a. distributed database; decentralized databaseb. homogeneous distributed database; heterogeneous distributed databasec. location transparency; local autonomyd. asynchronous distributed database; synchronous distributed databasee. horizontal partition; vertical
Define each of the following terms:a. distributed databaseb. location transparencyc. two-phase commitd. global transactione. local autonomyf. time-stamping g. transaction manager
Create at least two different users and implement their permissions using SQL statements.
Create a matrix to indicate the permissions (read, insert, delete, modify) you would grant to different users of the database you identify.
Password protect the MVCH database you created in SQL Server (or other database management systems required by your instructor).
Access HIPAA’s security requirements online and outline a contingency plan for MVCH.
In light of HIPAA’s security rules (data backup, access to data, data retention, etc.) and the tremendous growth of data at MVCH, outline the pros and cons of various data storage options that the hospital may be using. Are there storage media that can potentially lead to violations under HIPAA?
Investigate how a hospital such as MVCH could use RFID in connection with an EMR system. How would that affect data storage requirements?
For each user type you listed in Case Exercise 1, indicate what permissions (read, insert, delete, modify) you would grant.
List all the possible types of users who would need authorization to use (a) an ERM system and (b) a CPOE system at MVCH. Include user groups external to the hospital that may need to be included.
Which data and database administration issues described in this chapter should be addressed by MVCH’s special study team as part of the long-range business and information systems plan? Why?
Do you think data storage at MVCH should be treated as a strategic issue? Why or why not?
Should MVCH adopt a continuous data protection (CDP)system? Why or why not? What other backup strategies might the hospital pursue?
Dr. Z indicated that physicians might resist the implementation of a CPOE system. Do you think that would also be true for an EMR system? Why or why not? What would be critical success factors for implementing an electronic medical record at MVCH?
Given that the MVCH database you developed in SQL Server already includes tables for physicians, orders, and so on, do you think a full-fledged CPOE system could or should be developed internally? Why or why not?
If MVCH decides to implement a CPOE system, how could access problems such as the one that Dr. Z experienced at another hospital be prevented?
In light of HIPAA and other regulations, securing and protecting patient records is a primary requirement for MVCH.a. What data security issues would you expect MVCH to encounter if an EMR system is implemented that is accessible by physicians in the community, by laboratories, and by health-care
Do EMR and CPOE systems seem to have the potential to help MVCH achieve its goals of achieving high-quality care and cost containment? Support your answers with examples of how you think these goals may or may not be achieved.
Visit an organization that uses an open source DBMS. Why did the organization choose open source software? Does it have other open source software besides a DBMS? Has it purchased any fee-based components or services? Does it have a DA or DBA staff, and, if so, how do these people evaluate the open
Visit an organization that relies heavily on e-commerce applications. Interview the database administrator (or a senior person in that organization) to determine the following:a. What is the organizational goal for system availability?(Compare with Table 11-3.)b. Has the organization estimated the
Databases tend to grow larger over time, not smaller, as new transaction data are added. Interview at least three companies that use databases extensively and identify their criteria and procedures for purging or archiving old data. Find out how often data are purged and what type of data are
Identify an organization that handles large, sporadic data loads. For example, organizations that have implemented data warehouses may have large data loads as they populate their data warehouses. Determine what measures the organization has taken to handle these large loads as part of its capacity
Visit an organization that has implemented a database approach and interview individuals there about the security measures they take routinely. Evaluate each of the following at the organization:a. Database security measuresb. Network security measuresc. Operating system security measuresd.
Visit an organization that has implemented a database approach and interview an MIS department employee who has been involved in disaster recovery planning. Before you go for the interview, think carefully about the relative probabilities of various disasters for the organization you are visiting.
Visit an organization that has implemented a database approach. Evaluate each of the following:a. The organizational placement of data administration, database administration, and data warehouse administrationb. The assignment of responsibilities for each of the functions listed in part ac. The
Compare the concurrency issues that must be dealt with when developing an OLTP system versus a data warehouse.
Visit some Web sites for open source databases, such as www.postgresql.org and www.mysql.com. What do you see as major differences in administration between open source databases, such as MySQL, and commercial database products, such as Oracle? How might these differences come into play when
Research available data quality software. Describe in detail at least one technique employed by one of these tools (e.g., an expert system).
What security and data quality issues need to be addressed when developing a B2B application using Web services?
How would Fitchwood’s security have to be different if the data mart were made available to customers via the Internet?
Referring to the Fitchwood Insurance Company case study at the end of Chapter 9, what types of security issues would you expect to encounter when building a data warehouse? Would there be just one set of security concerns related to user access to the data warehouse, or would you also need to be
The average annual revenue per customer for the mail order firm described in Problems and Exercises 13 and 15 is $100.The organization is planning a data quality improvement program that it hopes will increase the average revenue per customer by 5 percent per year. If this estimate proves accurate,
The mail order firm described in Problem and Exercise 13 has about 1 million customers. The firm is planning a mass mailing of its spring sales catalog to all of its customers.The unit cost of the mailing (postage and catalog) is $6.00.The error rate in the database (duplicate records, erroneous
Review the tables for data availability (Tables 11-2 and 11-3).For the retail brokerage firm shown in Table 11-2, calculate the expected annual cost of downtime for the following availability levels: 99.9 percent and 99.5 percent. Do you think that either of these levels are acceptable for this
An e-business operates a high-volume catalog sales center.Through the use of clustered servers and mirrored disk drives, the data center has been able to achieve data availability of 99.9 percent. Although this exceeds industry norms, the organization still receives periodic customer complaints
You take a new job as a database administrator at an organization that has a globally distributed database. You are asked to analyze the performance of the database, and as part of your analysis, you discover that all of the processing for regional monthly sales reports is being conducted at the
An organization has a database server with three disk devices. The accounting and payroll applications share one of these disk devices and are experiencing performance problems. You have been asked to investigate the problem and tune the databases. What might you suggest to reduce I/O contention?
Revisit the four issues identified in Problem and Exercise 9.What risk, if any, do each of them pose to the firm?
During the Sarbanes-Oxley audit of a financial services company, you note the following issues. Categorize each of them into the area to which they belong: IT change management, logical access to data, and IT operations.a. Five database administrators have access to the sa (system administrator)
What concerns would you have if you accept a job as a database administrator and discover that the database users are entering one common password to log on to the database each morning when they arrive for work? You also learn that they leave their workstations connected to the database all day,
Referring to Problem and Exercise 5, rank the four candidates for the position of database administrator at Metro Marketing. Again, support your rankings.
Referring to Problem and Exercise 5, rank the four candidates for the position of data warehouse administrator at Metro Marketing. Again, support your rankings.
Metro Marketers, Inc., wants to build a data warehouse for storing customer information that will be used for data marketing purposes. Building the data warehouse will require much more capacity and processing power than they have previously needed, and they are considering Oracle and Red Brick as
For each of the situations described below, indicate which of the following security measures is most appropriate:• Authorization rules• Encryption• Authentication schemesa. A national brokerage firm uses an electronic funds transfer (EFT) system to transmit sensitive financial data between
Whitlock Department Stores runs a multiuser DBMS on a LAN file server. Unfortunately, at the present time, the DBMS does not enforce concurrency control. One Whitlock customer had a balance due of $250.00 when the following three transactions related to this customer were processed at about the
Five recovery techniques are listed below. For each situation described, decide which of the following recovery techniques is most appropriate.• Backward recovery• Forward recovery (from latest checkpoint)• Forward recovery (using backup copy of database)• Reprocessing transactions•
What is the purpose of the GRANT and REVOKE SQL commands? List some actions that can be granted to or revoked from a user.
How can views be used as part of data security? What are the limitations of views for data security?
Explain the purpose of heartbeat queries.
Briefly describe four components of a disaster recovery plan.
Explain the two common forms of encryption.
List and briefly explain the ACID properties of a database transaction.
What is an Information Resource Dictionary System (IRDS)?
Briefly describe four threats to high data availability and at least one measure that can be taken to counter each of these threats.
List and describe four common types of database failure.
What is transaction integrity? Why is it important?
Briefly describe four DBMS facilities that are required for database backup and recovery.
What is the difference between deadlock prevention and deadlock resolution?
What is the difference between shared locks and exclusive locks?
What is the advantage of optimistic concurrency control compared with pessimistic concurrency control?
What are the two key types of security policies and procedures that must be established to aid in Sarbanes-Oxley compliance?
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