Questions and Answers of Fundamentals Of Statistics

For each of the following situations, calculate a $95 \%$ confidence interval for the mean ( $\sigma$ not known), beginning with the step, "Calculate the degrees of freedom ( $d f$ ) and
For each of the following situations, calculate the degrees of freedom $(d f)$, identify the critical values (assume $\mathbf{a}=.05$ [two-tailed]), calculate the standard error of the mean $s$
For each of the following situations, calculate a $95 \%$ confidence interval for the mean ( $\sigma$ not known), beginning with the step, "Calculate the degrees of freedom ( $d f$ ) and
For each of the following situations, calculate the degrees of freedom $(d f)$, identify the critical values (assume $\mathrm{a}=.05$ [two-tailed]), calculate the standard error of the mean $s$
For each of the following sets of numbers, calculate a $95 \%$ confidence interval for the mean ( $\sigma$ not known); before going through the steps in calculating the confidence interval, the
For each of the following situations, calculate a $95 \%$ confidence interval for the mean ( $\sigma$ known), beginning with the step, "Identify the critical value of $z$." X = 7.00, o Xe =
For each of the following situations, calculate a $95 \%$ confidence interval for the mean ( $\sigma$ known), beginning with the step, "Identify the critical value of $z$." X 50.00, X = 3.00 X
For each of the following sets of numbers, calculate a $95 \%$ confidence interval for the mean ( $\sigma$ not known); before going through the steps in calculating the confidence interval, the
In an earlier SIOP salary survey (Katkowski \& Medsker, 2001), 73 of the respondents ( 33 males, 40 females) received their master's degrees in the 10 -year period from 1991 to 2000. Listed below
For each of the following sets of numbers, calculate a $95 \%$ confidence interval for the mean ( $\sigma$ not known); before going through the steps in calculating the confidence interval, the
For each of the following sets of numbers, calculate a $95 \%$ confidence interval for the mean $(\sigma$ known); before going through the steps in calculating the confidence interval, the sample
How long does it take an ambulance to respond to a request for emergency medical aid? One of the goals of one study was to estimate the response time of ambulances using warning lights (Ho \&
For each of the following sets of numbers, calculate a $95 \%$ confidence interval for the mean ( $\sigma$ known); before going through the steps in calculating the confidence interval, the
A political pollster approaches people on the street and asks them to describe their political affiliation. Twenty-eight people describe themselves as Democrats, 25 as Republicans, 8 people provide a
Listed below are a number of hypothetical research hypotheses. For each hypothesis, identify the independent and dependent variable.a. Male drivers are more likely to exhibit “road rage”
Listed below are a number of research questions and hypotheses from actual published articles. For each hypothesis, identify the independent and dependent variable.a. “The use of color in a Yellow
Listed below are additional research questions and hypotheses from actual published articles. For each hypothesis, identify the independent and dependent variable.a. “It is expected that
Name the scale of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) for each of the following variables:a. The amount of time needed to react to a soundb. Genderc. Score on the Scholastic Aptitude Test
Name the scale of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) for each of the following variables:a. One's age (in years)b. Size of soft drink (small, medium, large, extra large)c. Voting
A faculty member wishes to assess the relationship between students' scores on the Scholastic Aptitude test (SAT) and their performance in college.a. What is a possible research hypothesis in this
A researcher hypothesizes that drivers who use cellular phones will get into a greater number of traffic accidents than drivers who do not use these phones. For this example,a. What are the
For each of the following variables, identify whether you could use a pie chart, bar chart, histogram, or frequency polygon to visually display the data:a. Gender (male, female)b. Weight (in
For each of the following variables, identify whether you could use a pie chart, bar chart, histogram, or frequency polygon to visually display the data:a. Shoe sizeb. College majorc. Favorite radio
The owner of an ice cream store asks 75 people which flavor of ice cream they prefer. Thirteen of them say strawberry, 11 say chocolate, 24 say vanilla, and 27 provide a flavor other than strawberry,
Below is a frequency distribution table for a hypothetical variable:a. How many of the scores for this variable have the value 70 ?b. What percentage of the scores has the value of 30 ? Value f% 100
Below is a frequency distribution table for a hypothetical variable:a. How many of the scores for this variable have the value 2?b. What percentage of the scores has the value of 7 ? Value f% 7 5 15%
Given the growing popularity of video games among young people, one study examined how women are portrayed in these games (Dietz, 1998). Dr. Dietz was particularly interested in whether video games
An instructor administers a 27 -item quiz to her class of 25 students. Each student's score on the quiz is the number of items answered correctly. These scores are listed below:a. Construct a grouped
Another published study of government-sponsored lotteries examined reasons why people purchase lottery tickets (Miyazaki, Langenderfer, \& Sprott, 1999). The researchers approached a number of
Identify the mode for each of the following sets of data: a. 7, 3, 7, 1, 7 b. 3, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3 c. 8, 22, 8, 10, 9, 8, 12, 7, 8 d. 5, 3, 6, 4, 5, 3, 1, 5, 2, 5, 6, 5 e. 11, 9, 13, 6, 14, 12, 7, 12,
Identify the mode for each of the following sets of data: a. 6, 2, 7, 6, 6, 4 b. 13, 19, 12, 13, 7, 13, 20, 13, 15 c. 4, 2, 5, 1, 2, 2, 5, 5, 3, 1, 5, 2, 6, 3 d. 40, 10, 35, 30, 10, 25, 5, 10, 15,
Calculate the median for each of the following sets of data: a. 3, 4, 6, 7, 10 b. 14, 16, 19, 21, 22, 27, 36 c. 6, 6, 9, 9, 9, 10, 13, 16, 16, 21, 24 d. 4, 2, 6, 3, 8, 3, 8 e. 27, 24, 35, 30, 41, 32,
Calculate the mean for each of the following sets of data: a. 2, 2, 3, 5 b. 3, 5, 5, 7, 7, 8, 8, 11 c. 9, 6, 7, 5, 8, 7, 8, 9, 10, 8, 7 d. 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 16, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22, 25 e. 2.57,
Calculate the median for each of the following sets of data: a. 2, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9,9 b. 7, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17, 21, 23 c. 11, 6, 3, 14, 12, 15, 8, 10, 7 d. 9, 6, 7, 5, 8, 7, 8, 9, 10, 8, 7 e. 10, 13,
Calculate the mean for each of the following sets of data: a. 1, 1, 2, 3, 3 b. 1, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 c. 47, 56, 62, 69, 70, 73 d. .75, .23, .48, .60, .98, .65, .08, .12., .39 e. 11.02, 13.67, 17.39,
You have decided to purchase a car and have narrowed your choice down to two cars. However, you have two areas of concern. First, you want to purchase the car that gets the better gas mileage.
In the fall of 1998, the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) established a cohort of kindergarten students based on a random sample of all kindergarten students throughout the United
Testosterone is a steroid in men that affects sex drive, bone, and muscle mass. Researchers wanted to determine the impact of marriage on testosterone levels in males.(a) The researchers obtained
Researchers at the City University of New York (CUNY) identified 717 students who originally placed into an Elementary Algebra course. The students agreed to participate in a study related to the
During the fall semester of 2014, the University of North Georgia developed a corequisite College Algebra course. In this approach, students who would otherwise place in a Learning Support (LS)
For students who first enrolled in two-year public institutions in fall 2013, the proportion who earned a bachelor’s degree within six years was 0.236. The president of Joliet Junior College
In Problems, assume that the populations are normally distributed.(a) Test whether μ1 ≠ μ2 at the α = 0.05 level of significance for the given sample data.(b) Construct a 95% confidence interval
According to the National Association of Home Builders, the mean price of an existing single-family home in 2018 was $395,000. A real estate broker believes that existing home prices in her
In 2017, the standard deviation of SAT score on the Evidence-based Reading and Writing Test for all students taking the exam was 100. A teacher believes that, due to changes to high school curricula,
In Problems, assume that the populations are normally distributed.(a) Test whether μ1 ≠ μ2 at the α = 0.05 level of significance for the given sample data.(b) Construct a 95% confidence interval
In Problems, assume that the populations are normally distributed.(a) Test whether μ1 > μ2 at the α = 0.1 level of significance for the given sample data.(b) Construct a 90%
In Problems, assume that the populations are normally distributed.(a) Test whether μ1 < μ2 at the α = 0.05 level of significance for the given sample data.(b) Construct a 95% confidence
In Problems, assume that the populations are normally distributed.Test whether μ1 < μ2 at the α = 0.02 level of significance for the given sample data. n X S Sample 1 32 103.4 12.3 Sample
In Problems, assume that the populations are normally distributed and that independent sampling occurred.(a) Test the hypothesis that μ1 ≠ μ2 at the a = 0.1 level of significance for the given
In a prospective cohort study, 20 patients with alopecia (hair loss) had platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injected in their scalps. After three months, the mean difference in hair density (after - before)
In Problems, assume that the populations are normally distributed.Test whether μ1 > μ2 at the α = 0.05 level of significance for the given sample data. n X S Sample
Researchers Brian Wansink and Junyong Kim randomly gave 157 moviegoers a free medium (120 grams) or large (250 gram) bucket of popcorn before entering a movie. After the show, the researchers
Chicago has installed cameras at various intersections throughout the city. The cameras photograph the license plate of any car engaging in a moving violation (such as driving through a red light or
The data set“Tornadoes_2017” located at www.pearsonhighered.com/ sullivanstats contains a variety of variables that were measured for all tornadoes in the United States in 2017.(a) Is there a
The website touringplans.com records actual wait times (in minutes) for the Pirates of the Caribbean ride and Splash Mountain ride at Walt Disney World. Do the wait times at these two rides
A random sample of single males and single females (aged 21 to 76) was obtained by a group called Singles in America. The sample includes those currently separated, divorced, or widowed. The subjects
Are there benefits to attending college? If so, what are they? In this project, we will identify some of the perks that a college education provides. Obtain a random sample of at least 50 people aged
In Problems, determine the expected counts for each outcome. n = 700 Pi Expected counts 0.15 0.3 0.35 0.20
(a) What are the estimates of ß0 and ß1?(b) Compute the standard error, the point estimate for σ.(c) Determine sb1.(d) Assuming the residuals are normally distributed, test H0: ß1 = 0 versus H1:
(a) What are the estimates of ß0 and ß1?(b) Compute the standard error, the point estimate for σ.(c) Determine sb1.(d) Assuming the residuals are normally distributed, test H0: ß1 = 0 versus H1:
True or False: The shape of the chi-square distribution depends on the degrees of freedom.
OPDIVA is a drug developed by Brystol-Meyers Squib that is meant to treat metastatic melanoma, which is the worst form of skin cancer. Survival rates for patients with this cancer are 6 to 10 months.
The data set“Tornadoes_2017” located at www.pearsonhighered.com/ sullivanstats contains a variety of variables that were measured for all tornadoes in the United States in 2017.(a) Is there
(a) What are the estimates of ß0 and ß1?(b) Compute the standard error, the point estimate for σ.(c) Determine sb1.(d) Assuming the residuals are normally distributed, test H0: ß1 = 0 versus H1:
The following data represent the height (inches) of boys between the ages of 2 and 10 years.(a) Treating age as the explanatory variable, determine the estimates of ß0 and ß1. What is the mean
(a) What are the estimates of ß0 and ß1?(b) Compute the standard error, the point estimate for σ.(c) Determine sb1.(d) Assuming the residuals are normally distributed, test H0: ß1 = 0 versus H1:
In Problems, determine (a) The x2 test statistic, (b) The degrees of freedom, (c) The critical value using α = 0.05, and (d) Test the hypothesis at the α = 0.05 level of
(a) What are the estimates of ß0 and ß1?(b) Compute the standard error, the point estimate for σ.(c) Determine sb1.(d) Assuming the residuals are normally distributed, test H0: ß1 = 0 versus H1:
In Problems, determine (a) The x2 test statistic, (b) The degrees of freedom, (c) The critical value using α = 0.05, and (d) Test the hypothesis at the α = 0.05 level of
(a) What are the estimates of ß0 and ß1?(b) Compute the standard error, the point estimate for σ.(c) Determine sb1.(d) Assuming the residuals are normally distributed, test H0: ß1 = 0 versus H1:
In Problems, determine (a) The x2 test statistic, (b) The degrees of freedom, (c) The critical value using α = 0.05, and (d) Test the hypothesis at the α = 0.05 level of
Go to www.pearsonhighered.com/ sullivanstats to obtain the data file 12_3_17. The variable “Cost” represents the four-year cost including tuition, supplies, room and board, the variable “Annual
Do people cheat or lie when cheating or lying is not easy to identify (such as filing of taxes)? A total of 2568 college-aged subjects from various countries throughout the world rolled a single
At Joliet Junior College, the mathematics department decided to offer a redesigned course in Intermediate Algebra, called the Math Redesign Program (MRP). Laura Egner, the coordinator of the program,
What do the y-coordinates on the least-squares regression line represent?
A Zone diet is one with a 40%–30%–30% distribution of carbohydrates, protein, and fat, respectively, and is based on the book Enter the Zone. In a study conducted by researchers Christopher
A psychologist obtains a random sample of 20 mothers in the first trimester of their pregnancy. The mothers are asked to play Mozart in the house at least 30 minutes each day until they give birth.
In Problems, test the hypothesis using (a) The classical approach and (b) The P value approach. Be sure to verify the requirements of the test.H0: p = 0.6 versus H1: p < 0.6
In Problems, test the hypothesis using (a) The classical approach and (b) The P value approach. Be sure to verify the requirements of the test.H0: p = 0.3 versus H1: p > 0.3 n = 200; x =
According to Crestmont Research, the stock market has been up in 53.7% of all trading days over the past 50 years. A stock is up if the price per share increases in value day-over-day. An investor
Coors Field is home to the Colorado Rockies baseball team and is located in Denver, Colorado. Denver is approximately one mile above sea level, and the air there is “thinner.” Therefore,
Among all Major League Baseball players, the mean speed of a four-seam fastball is 93.58 miles per hour (mph). The following data represent a random sample of four-seam fastballs thrown by David
In Problems, state the conclusion based on the results of the test. For the hypotheses in Problem 16, the null hypothesis is rejected.Data from Problem 16,Federal law requires that a jar of peanut
In 2014, of the 37 million borrowers who have outstanding student loan balances, 14% have at least one past-due student loan account. A researcher with the United States Department of Education
When the area of the brain responsible for vision is destroyed, individuals experience cortical blindness. Patients with cortical blindness are unaware of any visual stimulus, including light. In a
In Problems, state the conclusion based on the results of the test. For the hypotheses in Problem 19, the null hypothesis is rejected.Data from Problem 19,According to the CTIA–The Wireless
Researchers looked at studies that were reported in newspapers with the goal of determining whether initial studies had results that could be reproduced. Reproducibility of results means that
The data set “Tornadoes_2017” located at www.pearsonhighered.com/sullivanstats contains a variety of variables that were measured for all tornadoes in the United States in 2017.(a) Compute the
Explain what “statistical significance” means.
Suppose you have just received a $1000 bonus at your job. Rather than waste the money on frivolous items, you decide to invest the money so that you can apply it toward the purchase of a home one
Put the following P-values in order from weakest to strongest in terms of evidence against the statement in the null hypothesis.(a) 0.139 (b) 0.083 (c) 0.091 (d) 0.005(e) 0.019
To test H0: μ = 105 versus H1: μ ≠ 105, a simple random sample of size n = 35 is obtained.(a) Does the population have to be normally distributed to test this hypothesis by using the methods
In Problems, test the hypothesis using (a) The classical approach and (b) The P value approach. Be sure to verify the requirements of the test.H0: p = 0.55 versus H1: p < 0.55 n =
Explain what a sampling distribution is.
Explain why it does not make sense to find a least-squares regression line for the CEO Performance data from Problem 33 in Section 4.1.Data from in Problem 33.The following data represent the total
Explain why it does not make sense to find a least-squares regression line for the Bear Market data from Problem 34 in Section 4.1.Data from in problem 34A bear market in the stock market is defined
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) maintains a records system that houses civil background checks and criminal histories in a database. Each file has its own identification number (ID). With
A person can have one of four blood types: A, B, AB, or O. If a person is randomly selected, is the probability they have blood type A equal to 1/4? Why or why not?
Use the results of Problem 44 in Section 5.2 to answer the following.(a) Among those who text while driving, what is the probability that a randomly selected individual was issued no tickets last
The American Time Use Survey is a survey of adult Americans conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The purpose of the survey is to learn how Americans allocate their time in a day. As a

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