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inferential statistics
Even You Can Learn Statistics A Guide For Everyone Who Has Ever Been Afraid Of Statistics 2nd Edition David M. Levine, David F. Stephan - Solutions
What type of probability distribution will the consulting firm most likely employ to analyze the insurance claims in the following problem?An insurance company has called a consulting firm to determine whether the company has an unusually high number of false insurance claims. It is known that the
Whenever p = 0.5, the binomial distribution will:(a) always be symmetric(b) be symmetric only if n is large(c) be right-skewed(d) be left-skewed
Which of the following about the binomial distribution is not a true statement?(a) The probability of success must be constant from trial to trial.(b) Each outcome is independent of the other.(c) Each outcome may be classified as either “success” or “failure.”(d) The random variable of
The smallest number of possible successes in a binomial distribution is:(a) 0(b) 1(c) n(d) infinite
The largest number of possible successes in a binomial distribution is:(a) 0(b) 1(c) n(d) infinite
The sum of the probabilities of all the events in a probability distribution is equal to:(a) 0(b) the mean(c) the standard deviation(d) 1
In 37 of the 58 years from 1950 through 2007, the S&P 500 finished higher after the first five days of trading. In 32 of those 37 years, the S&P 500 finished higher for the year. Is a good first week a good omen for the upcoming year? The following table gives the first-week and annual performance
A survey of 500 men and 500 women designed to study financial tensions between couples asked how likely each was to hide purchases of clothing from his or her partner. The results were as follows:
Where people turn to for news is different for various age groups.Suppose that a study conducted on this issue was based on 200 respondents who were between the ages of 36 and 50, and 200 respondents who were over age 50. Of the 200 respondents who were between the ages of 36 and 50, 82 got their
In the __________ probability approach, probabilities can vary depending on the individual assigning them.
In the _________ probability approach, probabilities are based on frequencies obtained from surveys.
If two events are _________, the probability that both events occur is the product of their individual probabilities.
If two events are _________, they cannot occur at the same time.
The largest possible value for a probability is __________.
The smallest possible value for a probability is __________.
The probability that a randomly selected individual prefers hamburger or is a male is:(a) 0/200(b) 125/200(c) 160/200(d) 200/200
The probability that a randomly selected individual prefers hamburger is:(a) 0/200(b) 120/200(c) 75/200(d) 200/200
Suppose that two individuals are randomly selected. The probability that both prefer hamburger is:(a) (120/200)(120/200)(b) (120/200)
The probability that a randomly selected individual prefers hamburger or chicken is:(a) 0/200(b) 125/200(c) 75/200(d) 200/200
The probability that a randomly selected individual is a male is:(a) 125/200(b) 75/200(c) 120/200(d) 200/200
If the outcome of event A is not affected by event B, then events A and B are said to be:(a) mutually exclusive(b) independent(c) collectively exhaustive(d) dependent
If two events are mutually exclusive, what is the probability that both occur at the same time?(a) 0(b) 0.50(c) 1.00(d) Cannot be determined from the information given
If two events are collectively exhaustive, what is the probability that both occur at the same time?(a) 0(b) 0.50(c) 1.00(d) Cannot be determined from the information given
If two events are collectively exhaustive, what is the probability that one or the other occurs?(a) 0(b) 0.50(c) 1.00(d) Cannot be determined from the information given
The following data represent the viscosity (friction, as in automobile oil) taken from 120 manufacturing batches (ordered from lowest viscosity to highest viscosity).
As player salaries have increased, the cost of attending NBA professional basketball games has increased dramatically. The following data represents the Fan Cost Index, which is the cost of four tickets, two beers, four soft drinks, four hot dogs, two game programs, two caps, and the parking fee
Tuna sushi was purchased from 13 Manhattan restaurants and tested for mercury. For each restaurant, the number of pieces needed to reach the maximum acceptable level of mercury, as defined by the Environmental Protection Agency, was determined to be:8.6 2.6 1.6 5.2 7.7 4.7 6.4 6.2 3.6 4.9 9.9 3.3
The price for two tickets (including online service charges), a large popcorn, and two medium soft drinks at a sample of six theatre chains is as follows:$36.15 $31.00 $35.05 $40.25 $33.75 $43.00 Source: Extracted from K. Kelly, “The Multiplex Under Siege,” The Wall Street Journal, December
The smallest possible value of the standard deviation is _______.
Which of the statements about the standard deviation is true?(a) It is a measure of variation around the mean.(b) It is the square of the variance.(c) It is a measure of variation around the median.(d) It is a measure of central tendency.
In a left-skewed distribution:(a) the median equals the mean(b) the mean is less than the median(c) the mean is greater than the median(d) the median equals the mode
The median is a measure of ______.
If each half of a distribution is a mirror image of the other half of the distribution, the distribution is called _______.
A distribution that is negative-skewed is also called ______-skewed.
If all the values in a data set are the same, the standard deviation will be _______.
The standard deviation is a measure of _______.
The _______ is found as the middle value in a set of values placed in order from lowest to highest for an odd-sized sample of numerical data.
The line drawn within the box of the box-and-whisker plot represents the mean.
In a box-and-whisker plot, the box portion represents the data between the first and third quartile values.
In a right-skewed distribution:(a) the median equals the mean(b) the mean is less than the median(c) the mean is greater than the median(d) the median equals the mode
In a five-number summary, the following is not included:(a) median(b) third quartile(c) mean(d) minimum (smallest) value
The shape of a distribution is given by the:(a) mean(b) first quartile(c) skewness(d) variance
In a symmetric distribution:(a) the median equals the mean(b) the mean is less than the median(c) the mean is greater than the median(d) the median is less than the mode
Which of the following statistics cannot be determined from a box-andwhisker plot?(a) standard deviation(b) median(c) range(d) the first quartile
Which of the following measures of variability is dependent on every value in a set of data?(a) range(b) standard deviation(c) each of these(d) neither of these
Which of the following statements about the mean is not true?(a) It is more affected by extreme values than the median.(b) It is a measure of central tendency.(c) It is equal to the median in skewed distributions.(d) It is equal to the median in symmetric distributions.
Which of the following statements about the median is not true?(a) It is less affected by extreme values than the mean.(b) It is a measure of central tendency.(c) It is equal to the range.(d) It is equal to the mode in bell-shaped “normal” distributions.
Which of the following statistics is not a measure of central tendency?(a) mean(b) median(c) mode(d) range
Which of the following statistics are measures of central tendency?(a) median(b) range(c) standard deviation(d) all of these(e) none of these
The following data shows the cost of an apartment ($) and the cost of a fast-food hamburger meal ($) for 10 cities around the world.
The following table shows the mean number of TV channels that the U.S. home received from 1985 to 2005:(a) Construct a time-series plot for the mean number of TV channels that the U.S. home received from 1985 to 2005.(b) What pattern, if any, is present in the data?(c) If you had to make a
The PropertyTaxes file contains the property taxes per capita for the 50 states and the District of Columbia.(a) Construct a histogram.(b) What conclusions can you reach concerning the property taxes per capita?
The following data represent the viscosity (friction, as in automobile oil) taken from 120 manufacturing batches (ordered from lowest viscosity to highest viscosity).
Medication errors are a serious problem in hospitals. The following data represent the root causes of pharmacy errors at a hospital during a recent time period:(a) Construct a Pareto chart.(b) Discuss the “vital few” and “trivial many” reasons for the root causes of pharmacy errors.
An article (K. Delaney, “How Search Engine Rules Cause Sites to Go Missing,” The Wall Street Journal, March 13, 2007, p. B1, B4) discussed the amount of Internet search results that Web surfers typically scan before selecting one. The following table represents the results for a sample of 2,369
You have collected data from your friends concerning the time it takes to get ready to leave their house in the morning. You should use a _______ to study this variable.
You have collected data from your friends concerning their favorite soft drink. You should use a _______ chart to study the favorite soft drink of your friends.
You have measured your pulse rate daily for 30 days. A _______ plot should be used to study the pulse rate for the 30 days.
A _______ should be used to study the distribution of a numerical variable.
A _______ should be used when you are studying a pattern between two numerical variables.
A _______ chart should be used when you are primarily concerned with comparing the percentages in different categories.
A _______ chart should be used when you are primarily concerned with the percentage of the total that is in each category.
A _______ is a vertical bar chart in which the rectangular bars are constructed at the boundaries of each class interval.
To evaluate two categorical variables at the same time, a _______ should be developed.
If you wanted to compare the percentage of items that are in a particular category as compared to other categories, you should use a pie chart, not a bar chart.
A professor wants to study the relationship between the number of hours a student studied for an exam and the exam score achieved. The professor can use a scatter plot.
A professor wants to study the relationship between the number of hours a student studied for an exam and the exam score achieved. The professor can use a bar chart.
A professor wants to study the relationship between the number of hours a student studied for an exam and the exam score achieved. The professor can use a time-series plot.
A financial services company wants to collect information on the weekly number of transactions. To study the weekly transactions, it can use a time-series plot.
A financial services company wants to collect information on the weekly number of transactions. To study the weekly transactions, it can use a pie chart.
A computer company collected information on the age of its customers.The youngest customer was 12, and the oldest was 72. To study the distribution of the age of its customers, the company can use a histogram.
To study the distribution of the age of its customers, the company should use a pie chart.
A computer company collected information on the age of its customers.The youngest customer was 12, and the oldest was
A website monitors customer complaints and organizes these complaints into six distinct categories. Over the past year, the company has received 534 complaints. One possible graphical method for representing these data is a scatter plot.
A website monitors customer complaints and organizes these complaints into six distinct categories. Over the past year, the company has received 534 complaints. One possible graphical method for representing these data is a Pareto chart.
Histograms are used for numerical data, whereas bar charts are suitable for categorical data.
In a cross-classification table, the number of rows and columns:(a) must always be the same(b) must always be 2(c) must add to 100%(d) None of the above
When studying the simultaneous responses to two categorical variables, you should construct a:(a) histogram(b) pie chart(c) scatter plot(d) cross-classification table
The basic principle behind the ________ is the capability to separate the vital few categories from the trivial many categories.(a) scatter plot(b) bar chart(c) Pareto chart(d) pie chart
One of the advantages of a pie chart is that it shows that the total of all the categories of the pie adds to 100%.(a) True(b) False
A type of histogram in which the categories are plotted in the descending rank order of the magnitude of their frequencies is called a:(a) bar chart(b) pie chart(c) scatter plot(d) Pareto chart
Which of the following graphical presentations is not appropriate for numerical data?(a) histogram(b) pie chart(c) time-series plot(d) scatter plot
Which of the following graphical presentations is not appropriate for categorical data?(a) Pareto chart(b) scatter plot(c) bar chart(d) pie chart
A college admission application includes many variables. The distance from the student’s home to the college is an example of a ______ variable.
A college admission application includes many variables. The gender of the student is an example of a ______ variable.
A college admission application includes many variables. The number of advanced placement courses the student has taken is an example of a ______ variable.
The portion of the population that is selected for analysis is called the ______.
A numerical measure that is computed from only a sample of the population is called a ______.
An insurance company evaluates many variables about a person before deciding on an appropriate rate for automobile insurance. A person’s marital status is an example of a _______ variable.
An insurance company evaluates many variables about a person before deciding on an appropriate rate for automobile insurance. The distance a person drives in a day is an example of a _______ variable.
An insurance company evaluates many variables about a person before deciding on an appropriate rate for automobile insurance. The number of accidents a person has had in the past three years is an example of a _______ variable.
The possible responses to the question, “How many times in the past three months have you visited a museum?” are values from a discrete variable.
The possible responses to the question, “How long have you been living at your current residence?” are values from a continuous variable.
The number of cars that arrive per hour at a parking lot is an example of:(a) a categorical variable(b) a discrete variable(c) a continuous variable(d) a statistic
Which of the following is a continuous variable?(a) The eye color of children eating at a fast-food chain(b) The number of employees of a branch of a fast-food chain(c) The temperature at which a hamburger is cooked at a branch of a fast-food chain(d) The number of hamburgers sold in a day at a
Which of the following is a discrete variable?(a) The favorite flavor of ice cream of students at your local elementary school(b) The time it takes for a certain student to walk to your local elementary school(c) The distance between the home of a certain student and the local elementary school(d)
You were working on a project to examine the value of the American dollar as compared to the English pound. You accessed an Internet site where you obtained this information for the past 50 years. Which method of data collection were you using?(a) published sources (b) experimentation (c) surveying
A numerical measure that is computed to describe a characteristic of an entire population is called:(a) a parameter(b) a population(c) a discrete variable(d) a statistic
Based on the results of a poll of 500 registered voters, the conclusion that the Democratic candidate for U.S. president will win the upcoming election is an example of:(a) inferential statistics(b) descriptive statistics(c) a parameter(d) a statistic
Those methods that involve collecting, presenting, and computing characteristics of a set of data in order to properly describe the various features of the data are called:(a) statistical inference(b) the scientific method(c) sampling(d) descriptive statistics
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