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information technology management
Information Technology Project Management 3rd Edition Kathy Schwalbe - Solutions
10. Your project team has decided not to use an upcoming release of software because ~ might cause your schedule to slip. Which negative risk response strategy are you using?a, avoidanceb. acceptancec. transferenced. mitigation
9. is a quantitative risk analysis tool that uses a model 01 a system to analyze the expected behavior or performance of the system.a. Simulationb. Sens~ivity analysisc. Monte Carto analysisd. EMV
8. Suppose there is a 30 percent chance tI1at you will lose $10,{X)O and a 70 percent chance that you will eam $100,000 on a particular project. What is tI1e project's estimated monetary value?a. -$30,000b. $70,000c. $67,(0)d. -$67,000
7. are indicators or symptoms of actual risk events, such as a cost overrun on early activ~ies being a symptom of poor cost estimates.a. Probabil~iesb. Impactsc. Watch list itemsd. Triggers
6. A risk is a document that contains results of various risk management processes, often displayed in a table or spreadsheet format. , management planb. register o. breakdown structure d probabimy/impact matrix
5, Which risk identification tool involves deriving a consensus among a panel of experts by using anonymous input regarding future events?a, risk breakdown structureb. brainstormingc. interviewingd. Delphi technique
4. Your project involves using a new release of a common software application, but if that release is not available, yourteam has ______ plans to use the current release. , contingencyb. fallback,. reserve d . mitigation
3. Which ri!.lk management prooo5S involves prioritizing risks based on their probabil~y and impact of occurrence?a. planning risk managementb. identifying risksc. performing qual~ative risk analysisd. performing quantitative risk analysis
2. A person who is risk- receives greater satisfaction when more payofl is at stake and is willing to pay a penalty to take risks.a. averseb. seekingc. neutrald. aware
1. ---cc--,c-- is an uncertainty that can have a negative or positive effect on meeting project objectives.a. Risk utilityb. Risk tolerancec. Risk managementd. Risk
7. Research new software products that assist in corrrnunications management for large projects.Write a two-page paper summarizing your findings. Include Web s~es for software vendors and your opinion of some of the products.
6. Wr~e a lessons-leamed report for a project of your choice using the template provided on the companion Web site and sample in Chapter 3 as guides. Do you think it is important for all project managers and team members to wr~e lessons-learned reports? Would you take the time to read them W they
5. Review the templates for various project documents provided in this chapter. Pick one of them and apply it to a project of your choice. Make suggestions for improving the template.
4. How many different communications channels does a project team with six people have?How many more communications channels would there be W the team grew to ten people?
3. Review the following scenarios, and then write a paragraph for each one describing what media you think would be most appropriate to use and why. See Table 10-3 for suggestions.a. Many of the technical staff on the project come in from 9:30 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. while the business users always come
2. Create a stakeholder commun ications strategy using the information from Exercise 1. Ust at least one type of project communication for each stakeholder and the format fordisseminating information to each. Use Table 10-2 as an exalJ"llle.
1. Create a stakeholder management strategy using Table 10-1 as a guide. Assume your organization has a project to determine employees' training needs and then provide in-house and 417 extemal sources tor courses in developing communications skills for elJ"llloyees. Stakeholders could be various
8. How can software assist in project communications? How can it hurt project communications?
7. Explain why you agree or disagree w~h some of the suggestions provided in this chapter for improving project communications, such as creating a communications management plan, stakeholder analysis, or performance reports, for example. What other suggestions do you have?
6. How can an expectations management matrix help a project manager in making important decisions?
S. What are some of the ways to create and distribute project performance information?
4. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different ways of distributing project information.
3. What items should a communications management plan address? How can a stakeholder analysis assist in preparing and implementing parts of this plan?
2. Discuss the use of a stakeholder register and a stakeholder management strategy to assist in managing stakeholders.
1. Think of examples in the media that poke fun at the communications skills of technical professionals, such as Dilbe~ cartoons. How does poking fun at tecl1nical professionals' communications skills influence the industry and educational programs?
10. A report is a reflective statement documenting important things that people learned lrom working on the project.a. final projectb. lessons-learnedc. project arcl1ived, progress
9. Which of the following is 1'101 a guideline to help improve time spent at meetings?a. Determine W a meeting can be avoided.b. Inv~e e)(a people who support your project to make it run more smootl1ly.c. Define the purpose and intended outcome of the meeting.d. Build relationships.
8. You have two project stakeholders who do 1'101 get along at all. You know they both enjoy traveling, so you discuss great travel destinations when they are both in the room together to distract !I1em from arguing with each other. What conflict-handling mode are you using?a. confrontationb.
7. What tool can you useto help manage stakeholders by ranking scope, time, and cost goals in order of importance and provide guidelines on balallcing these constraints?a. triple constraint matrixb. expectations matrixc. issue logd. priority log
5. If you add tI1ree more people toa project team 01 five, how many more communications channels will you add?,. 2b. 12 o. 15d. 18 6 . A ________ report describes where the project stands at a specific point in time. ,. statusb. performance o. forecastd. eamedvalue
4 . What popular book illustrates the concept that people are not interchangeable parts and uses the analogy that you cannot take nine women and produce a baby in one month?a. Covey's 7 Habits of Highly Effective Peopleb. Goldratt's Critical Chainc. Gates's Business @theSpeedofThoughtd. Brooks's
3. Which of the following is not a process in project communications management?,. infomJation planningb. information distribution o. performance reportingd. managing stakeholders
2. Which communication skill is most ilJl)ortant for information technology professionals for career advancement?a. wr~ingb. listeningc. speakingd. using communication technologies
1. What do many experts agree is the greatest threat to the success of any project?a. lack of properfundingb. a failure to communicatec. poor listening skillsd. inadequate staffing
6. Developing good IT project managers is an important issue. Review several of tt1e studies c~ed in this chapter related to the IT and project management job market and required skills.Also review requirements at your college or university for people entering these fields. Summarize your findings
5. Wr~e a two-page paper summarizing the main features of Microsoft Project 2007 that can assist project managers in human resource management. In addition, interview someone who uses Project 2007. Ask him or her W their organization uses any project human resource management features as described
4. Research recru~ing alld retention strategies at three different companies. WI1at distinguishes one company from another in this area? Are strategies such as signing bonuses, tu~ion reimbursement, and business casual dress codes standard for new information technology workers?What strategies
3. Summarize three of Covey's habits in your own words and give examples of how these habits would apply to project management. Document your ideas in a two-page paper, and include at least two references.
2. Take the MBTI test and research information on this tool. There are several Web s~es that have different versions of the test such as www.humanmetrics.com, www.personalitytype.com, and www.keirsey.com. Write a two·page paper describing your MBTI type and your thoughts on this test as a
1. VOIlr r:omrmny i.
8. How can you use Project 2007 to assist in project human resource management?
7. Summarize d~ferent tools and techniques project managers can use to help them manage project teams. What can they do to manage virtual team members?
6. Explain two types of team.tJuik:1ing activities described in this chapter.
5. Discuss the difference between resource loading al'ld resource leveling, al'ld provide an example of when you would use each tectmique.
4. Describe situations where it would be appropriate to create a project organizational chart, a responsibility assignment matrix, a RAel chart, and a resource histogram. Describe what these charts or matrices look like.
3. Briefly summarize the works of Maslow, Herzberg, McClelland, McGregor, Ouchi, Thamhain and Wilemon, and Covey. How do their theories relate to project management?
2. Summarize the processes involved in project human resource management.
1. Discuss the changes in the job market for information technology worKers. How does the job market and current state of the economy allect human resource management?
10. Which of the following is not a tool or technique for managing project teams?a. observation and conversationb. project performar.ce appraisalsc. issue logsd. Social Styles Profile
9. What are the five stages in Tuckman's model of team development. in chronological order?a. fOmling. stomling. norming. perfomling. and adjourningb. storming. /omling. norming. perfomling. and adjourningc. I"IOmling. forming. storming. perfomling. and adjourningd. IOmling. stomling. perfomling.
8. What tectmique can you use to resolve resource conflicts by delaying tasks?a. resource loadingb. resource levelingc. cr~ical path analysisd. overallocation
7. A staffing management plan otten includes a resource • wh ich is a column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to the project over time.a. chartb. graphc. histogramd. timeline
6. A _____ maps the work 01 a project as described in the 'NBS to the people responsible for performing the work.a. project organizational chartb. work definition and assignment processc. resource histogramd. responsibility assignment matrix
5. power is based on a person's individual charisma.a . Affiliation'" b Referent o. Personality d . Legitimate
4. According to McClelland's acquired needs theory, people who desire hamlOniou5 relations with other people and need to feel accepted have a high need.a. socialb. achievement 0 affiliation d . extrinsic
3. At the bottom 01 Maslow's pyramid or hierarchy of needs are _____ needs.a. seW-actualizationb. esteemc. safetyd. physiological
2. _____ causes people to partK:ipate in an activity for their own enjoyment.a . Intrinsic motivationb. Extrinsic motivation o. Sew motivationd. Social motivation
1. Which of the following is not part of project human resource management?a . Resource estimatingb. Acquiring the project team o. Developing the project team d . Managing the project team
6. Review the concepts in this chapter related to illllroving the qual~y of software. Write a twopage paper describing how you could apply these concepts to software development projects.
5. Review the information in this chapter about Six Sigma principles and Six Sigma organizations.Brainstorm ideas for a potential Six Sigma project that could improve quality on your campus, at your workplace, or in your commun~y. Write a two-page paper describing one project idea and explain why
4. Research the criteria for the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award or a similar qual~y award provided by another organization. Investigate a company that has received this award.What steps did the company take to earn this Quality award? What are the benef~s of earning a Qual~y award?
3. To illustrate a normal distribution, shake and roll a pair of dice 30 times and graph the results.It is more likely for someone to roll a 6, 7, or 8 than a 2 or 12, so these numbers should come up more often. To create the graph, use graph paper or draw a grid. Label the x-axis with the numbers
9. Describe three types of software that can assist in project Quality management.
8. Discuss three suggestions for improving information technology project quality that were not made in this chapter.
7. Discuss the history of modern Quality management. How have experts such as Deming, Juran, Crosby, and Taguchi affected the quality movement and today's use of Six Sigma?
6. Provide exallllies of when you would use the Seven Basic Tools of Quality on an information technology project.
5. What are the three main categories of outputs for qual~y control?
4. What are benchmarks, arx:l how can they assist in performing Quality assurance? Describe typical benchmarks associated w~h a college or university.
3. How do functional~y , system outputs, performance, reliability, arx:l maintainability requirements affect quality planning?
2. What are the main processes included in project quality management?
1. Discuss some of the examples of poor quality in information techoology projects presented in the 'What Went Wrong?" section. Could most of these problems have been avoided? Why do you think there are so many examples of poor quality in information techoology projects?
10. PMI 's OPM3 is an example of a model or framework for helping organizations improve their processes and systems.a. benchmarkingb. Six Sigmac. maturityd. qual~y
9. is known for his work on Quality control in Japan and developed the 14 Points for Management in his text Out of the Crisis.a . Juranb. Demingc. Crosbyd. Ishikawa
8. What is the preferred order for performing testing on information technology projects?a. un~ testing, integration testing, system testing, user acceptance testingb. un~ testing, system testing, integration testing, user acceptance testingc. un~ testing, system testing, user acceptance testing,
7. The seven run rule states that ~ seven data points in a row on a control chart are all below the mean, above the means, or all increasing or decreasing, then the process needs to be examined for _____ problems.a. randomb. oon-rarx:lomc. Six Sigmad. qual~y
6. Six Sigma's target for perfection is the achievement of no more than ____ defects, errors, or mistakes per million opportun~ies., 6b. 9c. 3.4 d . 1
5. What tool can you use to determine whether a process is in control or out of control?a. a cause-and-effect diagramb. a control chartc. a run chartd. a scatter diagram
4. What tool could you use to see if there is a relationship between two variables?a. a cause-and-.effect diagramb. a control chartc. a run chartd. a scatter diagram
3. generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization.a. Quality auditsb. Design 01 experimentsc. Six Sigma d . Benchmarking
2. What is the purpose of project Quality management?a. to produce the highest quality products and services possibleb. to ensure that appropriate Qual~y standards are metc. to ensure tI1at the project will satisfy the needs for which ~ was undertakend. All of the above
1. is the degree to which a set of inherent cI1aracteristics fulfils requirements.a. Qualityb. Con/omlance to requirementsc. Fitness for used. Aeliabil~y
4. Read the article by William Roetzheim on the col1l'anion Web s~e on estimating software costs. Find one or two other references on using SLOC and funct ion points. In your own words, explain how to estimate software development costs using both of these approaches in a two-page paper.
3. Research online information, textbooks, and local classes for using the cost management features of Project 2007 or other software tools, including project portfolio management software(e.g., CA Clar~y PPM, Primavera, Daptiv PPM, etc.). Also review the project cost management section of Appendix
2. Create a cost estimate/model for building a new, state..af-the-art muHimedia classroom for your organization within the next six months. The classroom should include 20 high-end personal computers with appropriate software for your organization, a networK server, Internet access for all
7. Describe several types of software that project managers can use to support project cost management.
6. What is project portfolio management? Can project managers use it with earned value management?
5. Explain how eamedvalue management (EVM) can be used to control costs and measure project performance and speculate as to why it is not used more often. Vv'hat are some gen·eral rules of thumb for dedding if cost variance, schedule variance, cost performance index, and schedule performance index
4. Explain what happens during the process to determine the project budget.
3. Give examples of when you would prepare rough order of magnitude (ROM), budgetary, and defin~ive cost estimates for an information technology project. Give an example of how you would use each of the following techniques for creating a cost estimate: analogous, parametric, and bottom-up.
2. Explain some of the basic principles of cost management, such as proms, life cycle costs, tangible and intangible costs and benef~s, direct and indirect costs, reserves, and so on.
1. Discuss why many information technology professionals may overlook project cost management and how this might affect completing projects within budget.
10. 1/ a project is halfway oompleted and its schedule performance index is 110 percent and its cost performance index is 95 percent, how is it progressing?a. it is ahead of schedule and under budgetb. it is ahead of schedule and over budgetc. it is behind schedule and under budgetd. it ~ tmtlillU
9. If the actual cost for a WBS item is $1500 and ~s eamedvalue was $2000, what is its cost variance, and is it under or over budget?a. the cost variance is -$500, which is over budgetb. the cost variance is -$500, which is under budgetc. the cost variance is $500, which is over budgetd. the cost
8. is a project performance measurement technique that integrates scope, time, and cost data.a. Reserve analysisb. Ule cycle costingc. Project cost budgetingd. Earned value analysis.
7. involves allocating the project cost estimate to individual work ~ems overtime.a. Reserve analysisb. Ule cycle costingc. Project cost budgetingd. Earned value analysis
6. You are preparing a cost estimate lor a building based on its location, purpose, number 01 square feet, and other characteristics. What cost estimating technique are you using?a. parametricb. analogousc. bottom-upd. top-down
5 ________ reserves allow lor luture s~uations that are unpredictable.a. Contingencyb. Financial , Management d . Baseline
4. II a company loses $Slor every $100 in revenue lor a certain product, what is tI1e profit margin lorthat product?a . - 5 percentb. 5 percent , - $5 d . $5
3. Which 01 the lollowing is not a key output 01 project cost management?a. activity cost estimatesb. a cost management planc. updates to the project management pland. a cost performance baseline
2 . What is the main goal of project cost management?a . to complete a project for as litHe cost as possibleb. to complete a project within an approved budgetc. to provide truthful and accurate cost information on projects d . to ensure that an organization's money is used wisely
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