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business
operations and supply chain management
Environmental Management Of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations CAFOs 1st Edition Frank R. Spellman; Nancy E. Whiting - Solutions
What are the critical design factors involved?
What are the advantages of mechanical separation?
What operational considerations should be examined?
Describe and discuss the optimum temperature range for dead animal composting.
Describe and discuss the optimum amendments for dead animal composting.
Describe and discuss the optimum moisture content for dead animal composting.
Describe and discuss the optimum C:N ratio for dead animal composting.
How are bin size and number calculated?
How is design volume calculated?
What are the special considerations for handling?
What are the special considerations for siting?
When should dead animal composting be considered?
Why is composting of dead animals an important process for certain CAFOs/AFOs?
Discuss the common operational steps for composting.
Describe the relationship between moisture and odor in the composting process.
Describe and discuss the three phases of the composting process.
How is temperature optimally monitored?
What variables affect compost time? Why is this important?
How does an operator determine the amount of amendment needed for C:N ratio adjustment?
How is C:N ratio calculated?
How is amount of needed amendment determined?
Describe the iterative process of compost mix design.
Discuss pH and composting.
Discuss moisture’s role in composting.
Discuss the C:N ratio for composting.
What amendments are in common use? How are they chosen? What are their advantages and disadvantages?
What are the requirements for the composting mix?
What are the financial advantages that efficient composting can offer?
What siting and area factors must be considered for composting components? How do they differ, method to method?
What are the critical factors to consider when selecting a composting method?
Describe and discuss commonly used composting methods. What are their advantages and disadvantages?
What purpose does dewatering serve?
Describe and discuss the use of oxidation ditches. What are the design requirements?Why?
How are horsepower requirements calculated?
How is transfer rate determined for aeration?
Describe and discuss mechanically aerated lagoon management.
Describe and discuss aerobic lagoon management.
Describe and discuss anaerobic lagoon management.
What factors are used to determine LV requirements?
How is SV determined?
How is WV determined?
How is MTV calculated?
Describe and discuss common treatment component systems.
What management considerations are necessary for treatment components?
What functions do common treatment components provide?
How are storage ponds volume needs calculated?
How are storage ponds structure needs calculated?
Describe and discuss liquid and slurry waste storage planning and requirements.
How is bedding storage computed?
How is manure storage volume calculated?
Describe and discuss storage facility requirements for manure solids.
Describe and discuss storage component factors for sizing requirements.
Describe and discuss common collection systems. Include alleys, gutters, and slatted floors.
Discuss “freedom of movement” and how it affects waste collection.
Describe and discuss the importance of and necessary considerations for runoff control and diversions.
How are roof area needs computed?
How are downspout capacities computed?
How are gutter size capacities computed?
Describe and discuss roof runoff management.
What should ideal component design convey?
Define “component” as it relates to CAFO/AFO design.
Research and discuss vertical integration in the poultry industry
Research, describe, and discuss recent poultry industry trends.
Describe and discuss the typical poultry operations.
What components are included for the four virtual poultry operations? Why?
Describe and discuss typical chicken and turkey industry operations, including production cycle, confinement practices, manure management, and mortality management.
Describe and discuss typical egg-laying hens operation types, production cycles, confinement practices, and manure management. Include discussions of manure collection and storage and mortality management.
Describe and discuss typical broiler operation types, production cycles, confinement practices, and manure management. Include discussions of manure collection and storage and mortality management.
What effect do state regulations have on swine operation population? Why is the MidAtlantic region such a high growth area?
Research and discuss vertical integration in the U.S. swine industry. What are the advantages and disadvantages to the growers and owners?
Discuss the problems related to swine manure production.
What is the current trend in swine production operations? Why?
Two prevailing views on the swine industry are presented—one from the USEPA and one from the U.S. National Pork Producers Council. Take each point of view and discuss the negative and positive aspects of the industry.
Why are dairy operations increasing in size and reducing in overall number? What are the industry issues that drive this trend? Is this trend common only to dairy operations? How does it affect other sectors of the industry?
Describe and discuss the typical veal operations.
What components are included for the two typical veal operations? Why?
What advantages are presented by flushing dairy manure?
Describe and discuss typical dairy operations.
What components are included for the eight virtual dairy farms? Why?
Describe and discuss dairy operation manure management practices. Include collection and transportation, drylots, freestall barns and milking centers, and storage, stabilization, and separation.
Describe and discuss feeding practices for dairy operations.
Describe and discuss confinement practices for dairy operations for mature cows (breeding cycle), mature cows (milking center), mature cows (lactating and dry herd), calves, heifers, and veal calves.
Describe and discuss dairy operation production cycles for mature cows, calves and heifers, and veal calves.
What are the recent changes and trends in dairy operations? What factors affect this?
Research land use and animal per acre ratios for the different regions of the country. Discuss the economics of animal feeding operation and concentrated animal feeding operation success for the different regions.
What makes beef production a high-risk enterprise? Why? How?
Read the chapter introduction quote. How can a hamburger cost less than $1.00, and who does pay for the rest? Why?
Describe and discuss typical beef operations.
What components are included for the two beef virtual farms? Why?
Describe and discuss typical beef manure management practices, including methods for collection, open lots, totally enclosed confinement, storage, stabilization, disposal, separation, and land application.
Describe and discuss typical beef confinement practices. Describe and discuss typical beef feeding practices.
What are the three most common types of beef industry operations? What are their functions? Why is the industry configured this way?
What factors affect beef operation location?
Discuss the problems that can be created by “fixing” another problem: for example, using water applications to control PM transfers at least part of the pollutant to another environmental media, where the pollutant presents other problems.
What are the possible human health effects of inhaled PM from AFOs and CAFOs?
Air quality problems can present particularly difficult neighbor relationship problems.Why is this so, how can these problems develop, and what can be done about them?
Describe and discuss land application emission control techniques for gaseous emissions.
Describe and discuss land application emission control techniques for PM.
Describe and discuss gaseous emission control techniques and applications. Cover the following methods: confinement facility design and operation methods, acidification of manure in confinement housing, biofiltration, gas absorption, bioscrubbing, ozonation, chemical oxidation, manure additives,
How is covering stockpiles used to control PM? Describe and discuss.
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