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operations management 6th
ISE Operations Management 3rd International Edition Gerard Cachon, Christian Terwiesch - Solutions
Increasing the batch size on a resource with setups always increases the capacity of the resource. True or false?a. Trueb. False
A product requires four parts that are made on the same lathe. Call the parts A, B, C, and D. The product requires 1 unit of A, 2 of B, 4 of C, and 8 of D. Which of the following production cycles is most appropriate?a. A: 100, B: 100, C: 100, D: 100b. A: 101, B: 102, C: 104, D: 108c. A: 100, B:
A machine makes three different components used in a gyroscope. Call these components A, B, and C. The following repeating schedule is used to make components: make 100 units of A, make 50 units of B, and then make 200 units of C. How many components are made in the production cycle?a. 50b. 100c.
A chemical process involves adding various agents to a vat and then waiting for the agents to react to make a final compound. The vat holds up to 1000 gallons. Chemical agents are added to the vat at a rate of 4.5 gallons per minute. Once the agents have been added to the vat, the reaction takes 85
What is the difference between the PDCA cycle and the Deming cycle?a. The PDCA cycle includes four steps (plan, do, check, act), while the Deming cycle includes six steps.b. The Deming cycle only applies in manufacturing.c. The PDCA cycle is a method for quality improvement, while the Deming cycle
Consider the navigation skills of two cab drivers (without a GPS). Driver 1 is driving her routes as demanded by the customer and improves her understanding of the region that way. Driver 2 is deliberately taking time off from serving customers to explore new shortcuts. Driver 1 is relying on
What are the three elements of a standard work sheet?a. They are the processing time for an activity, the work sequence of all steps making up the activity, and the standard amount of inventory at the resource.b. They are the processing time for an activity, the most common cause of failure, and
A company has 2200 employees, on average, and it recruits, on average, 300 employees per year. What is the average tenure of an employee?
A company has 2200 employees, on average, and it recruits, on average, 300 employees per year. What is the employee turnover?
Will has just started a small company making special cakes for retirement parties. He just received a large order of five cakes from a local business. Will expects substantial productivity improvements in his work as he moves from the first cake in this order to the fifth cake. His current cost of
Without using the LCC method, what do you expect production costs to be for the 100th unit?
Consider again the preparation of income tax statements. The process starts with an initial cost c(1) = 45 and a learning rate of LR = 0.95, and by now has reached a cumulative output of
Using the LCC method, what unit costs do you expect for the 100th unit?
Consider the preparation of income tax statements. The process starts with an initial cost c(1) = 45 and a learning rate of LR = 0.95, and by now has reached a cumulative output of
An experienced car mechanic is working on changing the exhaust system. In 2010, the mechanic had performed this operation 100 times over her career. She estimates that, on average, it took her 80 minutes to change one exhaust system. By 2014, she had performed that operation 220 times, and it took
Consider a process restringing tennis rackets. The process starts with a unit cost of $10 for the first unit—that is, c(1) = 10—and a learning rate of LR = 0.9. What will be the unit cost for the 35th unit?
Consider a process that makes high-end boards that get mounted on skateboards. The process starts with a unit cost of $20 for the first unit—that is, c(1) = 20—and has a learning rate of LR = 0.95. What will be the unit cost for the 128th unit?
Consider the trajectory showing the amount of data storage space that comes with the average PC each year. What shape would a learning curve have in this setting?a. Exponential growthb. Exponential decayc. Diminishing return growth
Consider the trajectory showing the number of luggage pieces that an airline loses on a flight. What shape would a learning curve have in this setting?a. Exponential growthb. Exponential decayc. Diminishing return growth
Consider the trajectory showing the percentage of customer orders in a restaurant that were handled correctly. What shape would a learning curve have in this setting?a. Exponential growthb. Exponential decayc. Diminishing return growth
What are the four steps in the Deming cycle?a. Plan-do-implement-executeb. Plan-do-check-actc. Mission-vision-strategy-executiond. None of the above
Which of the following statements is correct?a. Autonomous learning happens based on experience alone. In contrast, induced learning requires deliberate effort.b. Induced learning happens based on experience alone. In contrast, autonomous learning requires deliberate effort.c. The amount of induced
What are the three elements of a standard work sheet?a. They are the processing time for an activity, the work sequence of all steps making up the activity, and the standard amount of inventory at the resource.b. They are the processing time for an activity, the responsible operator, and the
A company has 1500 employees, on average, and it recruits, on average, 500 employees per year. What is the employee turnover and what is the average tenure of an employee?
Mike and Tom have started a small bike shop where they specialize in assembling high-end race bikes. They just received a large order of 20 bikes from the local university to equip all varsity athletes with a new bike. Mike and Tom expect substantial productivity improvements in their assembly as
Consider again the production process of snowblowers. The process starts with an initial cost c(1) = 104, a learning rate of LR = 0.9, and by now has reached a cumulative output of 1000. Without using the LCC method, what do you expect production costs to be?
Consider the production process of snowblowers. The process starts with an initial cost c(1) = 104, a learning rate of LR = 0.9, and by now has reached a cumulative output of 1000. Using the LCC method, what unit costs do you expect?
A seasoned high school teacher is, once again, writing letters of recommendation for her students as they send in their applications to college. In 2008, the teacher had written 150 letters of recommendation over her career. She estimates that, on average, it took her 45 minutes to write one
Consider a process assembling shopping carts. The process starts with a unit cost of $20 for the first unit—that is, c(1) = 20—and a learning rate of LR = 0.95. What will be the unit costs for the 29th unit?
Consider a process that makes LED lamps. The process starts with a unit cost of $30 for the first unit—that is, c(1) = 30—and has a learning rate of LR = 0.9. What will be the unit costs for the 64th unit?
Consider the trajectory showing the percentage of patient records entered correctly into a computer by a typist. What shape would a learning curve have in this setting?a. Exponential growthb. Exponential decayc. Diminishing return growth
Consider the trajectory showing the number of photos that can be stored on a smartphone. What shape would a learning curve have in this setting?a. Exponential growthb. Exponential decayc. Diminishing return growth
Consider the trajectory showing the percentage of patients with depression that were not appropriately screened for suicide risk. A doctor’s practice aims to reduce this percentage over time. What shape would a learning curve have in this setting?a. Exponential growthb. Exponential decayc.
A high signal-to-noise ratio makes learning harder. True or false?a. Trueb. False
Which of the following activities is not part of the Deming cycle?a. Planb. Doc. Checkd. Improvee. Act
John has been fixing bicycles for 3 years now. He notices that he is getting better with an increase in experience, though he does not necessarily know why. John’s learning is most likely a form of autonomous learning. True or false?a. Trueb. False
Which of the following is not part of the standard work sheet?a. The processing time for an activityb. The name of the person in charge of the activityc. The work sequence of all steps making up the activityd. The standard amount of inventory at the resource
In an environment with high employee turnover, standards are less important than in environments with low turnover. True or false?a. Trueb. False
If the employee turnover increases, the average tenure of an employee in the company:a. increases.b. decreases.c. stays the same.d. cannot be determined from the given information.
The employee turnover can be computed as:a. Number of new employees recruited per year/Average number of employees.b. Average number of employees/Number of new employees recruited per year.c. ½ × Average time an employee spends with the company.e. ½ × Number of new employees recruited per year
How does the average tenure of an employee relate to the average time an employee spends with the company?a. They are one and the same thing.b. The average tenure is twice the average time an employee spends with the company.c. The average tenure is half the average time an employee spends with the
Assume a learning curve following the power law. If you double the initial cost c(1) of a product, the costs of producing an order of 20 units:a. stay the same.b. are reduced by 50 percent.c. are doubled.d. cannot be determined from the given information.
The cumulative learning curve coefficient CLCC(20, 0.8) is defined as follows:a. the cost to produce 20 units in a process with c(1) = 1 and a learning rate of 0.8.b. the cost to produce one unit in a process with c(1) = 20 and a learning rate of 0.8.c. the cost to produce one unit in a process
True or false?a. Trueb. False
The cumulative learning curve coefficient CLCC(x, LR) is always bigger than the learning curve coefficient LCC(x, LR) for all x >
Instead of using the learning curve coefficient method, it is possible to compute the costs of the Nth unit as c(N) = c(1) × N b , where b is the slope of the learning curve in the log-log graph. True or false?a. Trueb. False
A higher value of the learning rate (LR) leads to a lower value of the learning curve coefficient LCC(x, LR). True or false?a. Trueb. False
The learning curve coefficient LCC(10, 0.8) captures:a. the cost to produce one unit in a process with c(1) = 1, a cumulative output of 10, and a learning rate of 0.8.b. the cost to produce one unit in a process with c(1) = 10, a cumulative output of 1, and a learning rate of 0.8.c. the cost to
d. Cannot be determined from the given information.
b. The slope is close to −1.c. The slope is close to
A firm has a learning rate almost equal to 1 (just slightly less than 1). What does this imply for the slope of the learning curve in a log-log graph?a. The slope is close to
A lower learning rate corresponds to a steeper slope in a log-log graph of the learning curve. True or false?a. Trueb. False
When estimating the slope of the line in a log-log graph, we pick two points with coordinates (x1 , y1 ) and (x2 , y2 ). Which of the following statements is true?a. x1 has to be exactly one unit bigger than x2 .b. x2 needs to be the value on the x-axis corresponding to the last period for which we
A learning curve following the power law has what shape in the loglog graph?a. Exponentially increasingb. Exponentially decreasingc. Linearly increasingd. Linearly decreasing
Process A has a learning rate of LR = 0.95 and process B has a learning rate of LR = 0.8. After 20 units:a. process A is cheaper.b. process B is cheaper.c. the two processes will have the same cost.d. cannot be determined from the given information.
Consider two processes, A and B, with an initial cost of c(1) =
Assume a learning curve following the power law. If you double the initial cost c(1) of a product, the cost of the 21st unit, c(21), will:a. stay the same.b. be reduced by 50 percent.c. be doubled.d. increase by a factor of ln(2).
The power law describes a learning process with exponential growth in performance. True or false?a. Trueb. False
A novice rower is practicing for a 2000-meter test on a rowing machine (an “erg”). He presently takes 7 minutes and 10 seconds to complete the distance. His goal, in order to be recruited by a good college, is 6 minutes and 30 seconds. What form of improvement trajectory will most likely
A regional rail company wants to reduce its delays. Presently, 70 percent of the trains arrive on time. The company’s goal is to improve this to 95 percent. What form of improvement trajectory will most likely occur?a. Exponential growthb. Exponential decayc. Diminishing return growth
A bakery produces cookies; however, it makes some defects, leading to occasionally broken or burnt cookies. Presently, the yield of the process is 90 percent (i.e., 9 out of 10 cookies are good). The bakery has a goal of producing 99 percent good cookies. What form of an improvement trajectory is
A bank is underwriting loans for small businesses. Currently, about 5 percent of the underwriting decisions are found to be incorrect when audited by the bank’s quality assurance department. The bank has a goal of reducing this number to 1 percent. What form of an improvement trajectory is most
Precision Testing (PTest) does fluid testing for several local hospitals. Consider their urine testing process. Each sample requires 12 seconds to test, but after 300 samples the equipment must be recalibrated. No samples can be tested during the recalibration process, and that process takes 30
The primary purpose of the Single-Minute Exchange of Die philosophy is to:a. reduce the setup time for a resource.b. increase the flow rate of a process.c. decrease the utilization of a process.d. eliminate resources that have setup times.
Henry Ford proclaimed about the Model T, “You can have any color you want, as long as it is black.” Which of the following best reflects his motivation for this position?a. He believed that customers didn’t actually like other colors, so why go through the hassle of making different color
Suppose a resource has setup times and a setup time must be incurred each time the resource switches production to a different product. Requiring the resource to make a new product (that requires its own setup) is likely to have what effect on the process?a. Inventory for existing products remains
If the batch size is increased, inventory increases, which implies that flow units are likely to spend more time in the process. True or False?a. Trueb. False
Which of the following is most likely to be a concern if batches are very large?a. The flow rate will be too high.b. Utilization will be too high.c. Inventory will be too high.d. Too much time will be spent on product changeovers.
A manager is concerned that there isn’t enough time spent on production and too much time spent on setups. The manager decides to double all production batch sizes. This change has no impact on demand. What impact will this likely have on the average inventory in the process?a. Average inventory
Which of the following is likely to increase the utilization of a resource with a setup time?a. Increase the flow rateb. Decrease the processing timec. Decrease the batch sized. Increase the setup time
If the flow rate of a process increases, then the utilization of a resource with a setup time must also increase. True or False?a. Trueb. False
Which of the following is likely to increase the utilization of a resource with a setup time?a. Increase the flow rateb. Decrease the processing timec. Decrease the batch sized. Increase the setup time
If the flow rate of a process increases, then the utilization of a resource with a setup time must also increase. True or False?a. Trueb. False
The batch size is tripled on a resource that has a setup time. What is the likely impact on the resource’s capacity?a. Decrease by 1/3b. Decrease by less than 1/3c. Increase by less than 300 percentd. Increase by 300 percent
Increasing the batch size on a resource with setups always increases the capacity of the process. True or false?a. Trueb. False
Increasing the batch size on a resource with setups always increases the capacity of the resource. True or false?a. Trueb. False
A product requires four parts that are made on the same lathe. Call the parts A, B, C, and D. The product requires 1 unit of A, 2 of B, 4 of C, and 8 of D. Which of the following production cycles is most appropriate?a. A: 100, B: 100, C: 100, D: 100b. A: 101, B: 102, C: 104, D: 108c. A: 100, B:
A machine makes three different components used in a gyroscope. Call these components A, B, and C. The following repeating schedule is used to make components: make 100 units of A, make 50 units of B, and then make 200 units of C. How many components are made in the production cycle?a. 50b. 100c.
A chemical process involves adding various agents to a vat and then waiting for the agents to react to make a final compound. The vat holds up to 1000 gallons. Chemical agents are added to the vat at a rate of 4.5 gallons per minute. Once the agents have been added to the vat, the reaction takes 85
Which of the following is likely to increase the utilization of a resource with a setup time?a. Increase the flow rateb. Decrease the processing timec. Decrease the batch sized. Increase the setup time
If the flow rate of a process increases, then the utilization of a resource with a setup time must also increase. True or False?a. Trueb. False
The batch size is tripled on a resource that has a setup time. What is the likely impact on the resource’s capacity?a. Decrease by 1/3b. Decrease by less than 1/3c. Increase by less than 300 percentd. Increase by 300 percent
Increasing the batch size on a resource with setups always increases the capacity of the process. True or false?a. Trueb. False
Increasing the batch size on a resource with setups always increases the capacity of the resource. True or false?a. Trueb. False
A product requires four parts that are made on the same lathe. Call the parts A, B, C, and D. The product requires 1 unit of A, 2 of B, 4 of C, and 8 of D. Which of the following production cycles is most appropriate?a. A: 100, B: 100, C: 100, D: 100b. A: 101, B: 102, C: 104, D: 108c. A: 100, B:
A machine makes three different components used in a gyroscope. Call these components A, B, and C. The following repeating schedule is used to make components: make 100 units of A, make 50 units of B, and then make 200 units of C. How many components are made in the production cycle?a. 50b. 100c.
A chemical process involves adding various agents to a vat and then waiting for the agents to react to make a final compound. The vat holds up to 1000 gallons. Chemical agents are added to the vat at a rate of 4.5 gallons per minute. Once the agents have been added to the vat, the reaction takes 85
What is the difference between the PDCA cycle and the Deming cycle?a. The PDCA cycle includes four steps (plan, do, check, act), while the Deming cycle includes six steps.b. The Deming cycle only applies in manufacturing.c. The PDCA cycle is a method for quality improvement, while the Deming cycle
Consider the navigation skills of two cab drivers (without a GPS). Driver 1 is driving her routes as demanded by the customer and improves her understanding of the region that way. Driver 2 is deliberately taking time off from serving customers to explore new shortcuts. Driver 1 is relying on
What are the three elements of a standard work sheet?a. They are the processing time for an activity, the work sequence of all steps making up the activity, and the standard amount of inventory at the resource.b. They are the processing time for an activity, the most common cause of failure, and
A company has 2200 employees, on average, and it recruits, on average, 300 employees per year. What is the average tenure of an employee?
A company has 2200 employees, on average, and it recruits, on average, 300 employees per year. What is the employee turnover?
Will has just started a small company making special cakes for retirement parties. He just received a large order of five cakes from a local business. Will expects substantial productivity improvements in his work as he moves from the first cake in this order to the fifth cake. His current cost of
Without using the LCC method, what do you expect production costs to be for the 100th unit?
Consider again the preparation of income tax statements. The process starts with an initial cost c(1) = 45 and a learning rate of LR = 0.95, and by now has reached a cumulative output of
Using the LCC method, what unit costs do you expect for the 100th unit?
Consider the preparation of income tax statements. The process starts with an initial cost c(1) = 45 and a learning rate of LR = 0.95, and by now has reached a cumulative output of
An experienced car mechanic is working on changing the exhaust system. In 2010, the mechanic had performed this operation 100 times over her career. She estimates that, on average, it took her 80 minutes to change one exhaust system. By 2014, she had performed that operation 220 times, and it took
Consider a process restringing tennis rackets. The process starts with a unit cost of $10 for the first unit—that is, c(1) = 10—and a learning rate of LR = 0.9. What will be the unit cost for the 35th unit?
Consider a process that makes high-end boards that get mounted on skateboards. The process starts with a unit cost of $20 for the first unit—that is, c(1) = 20—and has a learning rate of LR = 0.95. What will be the unit cost for the 128th unit?
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