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project management processes methodologies and economics
Project Management Processes Methodologies And Economics 2nd Edition Avraham Shtub, Jonathan F. Bard, Shlomo Globerson - Solutions
The National Institutes of Health support research and development of new treatments for AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). Develop a project control system by which the agency will be able to control projects that it supports. a. What are the objectives of the control system? b. What
Consider the project plan defined in Table 12. A cost schedule control system produces weekly reports. The reports for weeks 1, 2, and 3 (assume 5 working days each week) are shown Table 13. a. Write a weekly progress report for each activity based on the above information. b. Comment on the
An activity on the critical path of a project was scheduled to be completed within 12 weeks, with a budget of $8,000. During a performance review, which took place 7 weeks after the activity was initiated, it was found that 50% of the work had already been completed and that the actual cost was
The performance of a project was evaluated 10 weeks after its start. Table 15 gives the relevant information. a. On the same Gantt chart, show the project plan and the project progress, and discuss the two. b. Calculate the SI for each organizational unit U1 and U2 and for the project as a whole.
Explain CM and control within the curriculum of your school. Give three examples that demonstrate a good configuration control process and three that identify poor CM.
What characteristics distinguish R&D project management from conventional project management? What additional skills does an R&D project manager need?
Identify a few breakthrough technologies and the products that they spawned.
Pick a major U.S. industry, such as automobiles or computers, and discuss the lapses in technology and innovation on the domestic front that permitted foreign competitors to get a foothold and, in some cases, a dominant share of the market. Who or what do you think was to blame for this situation?
In the mid-1980s, General Motors undertook a $5 billion program to introduce robotics and computer-integrated manufacturing techniques into many of its assembly plants. The results were disappointing, to say the least. Enormous technical problems dogged the program from the beginning, and the
Give a few examples for which commercial success did not follow technical success with regard to new product introduction. What were the reasons for market failure?
Can you think of any example for which lack of standards retarded the introduction of a new product or technology? Give some details.
Pick an industry and identify its base, key, and pacing technologies.
What are the differences between a strategic technical plan and an operational plan for an R&D project?
As the head of an R&D group that is contemplating the development of a notebook computer with a built-in fax machine, who would you like to have on your strategic planning team? Why?
Consider a new technology, such as superconductivity or magnetic levitation, and identify several (parallel) ways of realizing it on a commercial rather than a laboratory scale.
Identify a new technology for which you believe that parallel development is not warranted. Explain your choice.
Why has simulation modeling, which is a descriptive technique, been preferred to mathematical programming, which is a prescriptive technique, for analyzing and providing help in the management of R&D projects?
Which of the critical factors and key variables described in Section 6 do you think would apply to conventional projects?Critical Factors. The successful completion of an ongoing R&D project is closely linked to a number of critical factors. If it is determined that any one of the following has
What data are needed to run the mathematical programming model (2)? How would you go about collecting these data?
Identify a new product that is based on an innovation in technology, and draw up a strategic technical plan for its development. Be sure to discuss the risk factors at each stage, and indicate how you would deal with each.
Assume that you are in charge of a round-trip mission to Mars. The goal is to spend 3 months on the planet’s surface performing experiments and collecting data that will be used to help set up a future colony. Construct a strategic plan for this mission.
The transonic airplane, now on the drawing board, is intended to be a commercial transport operating between continents at supersonic speeds. It will fly a ballistic trajectory and be able to reach Japan from the United States in only a few hours. Identify the base, key, and pacing technologies for
Consider the problem of trying to decide which tasks to fund in parallel to achieve a given technical objective. For example, the objective might be to develop a low-cost rechargeable battery to power an electric vehicle. The funding options might be the various types of battery technologies
Choose a new technology, describe its major features, and explain how you would apply the total quality management principles to an R&D project aimed at commercialization . What is different about total quality management applied to an R&D project versus a conventional project?
For which aspects of project management are computers most useful? Explain.
Are there aspects of project management for which computer support cannot be used?
Which aspects of project management can be supported by a database system?
What improvements or changes in Microsoft Project would you recommend?
To simplify Microsoft Project, which features would you eliminate?
Write a report on the software package Microsoft Project or another one with which you are familiar. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of the package as a tool for supporting the study of project management.
Develop a software selection methodology for the project “Design of a New Space Laboratory for Crystal Manufacture.” Use the methodology to assess Microsoft Project’s ability to support the management of this project.
Obtain a project management software package with which you are not familiar. For the example project determine how much time is required to learn its basic functions, including data entry, critical path analysis, and report generation.
Develop a spreadsheet application for project scheduling that calculates the early start, early finish, late start, late finish, total slack, and free slack for each activity.
Develop a spreadsheet application for resource management within an OBS-WBS framework. The application should present planned use, cost of resources, actual use and cost, and the deviations for each organizational unit.
Develop a PERT program on a spreadsheet that is based on the three time estimates for each activity. Your program should be able to calculate the probability of completing the project by a given date.
You have been asked to choose the project management software to be used as a teaching aid for a project management course. a. Write the software specifications for such a package. b. What might be the main differences in the software specifications associated with the following needs? 1. A
Develop a benchmark project to be used to evaluate the suitability of software packages as a teaching aid in project management studies.
Discuss the following comment and develop a numerical example to validate your remarks: “The purchasing price of a project management software package is a negligible issue as long as the price is no more than a few thousand dollars.”
Develop a flow diagram that shows how project termination decisions should be made.
Explain the difference between termination by integration and termination by inclusion using an example for each process.
In what ways does the termination phase of a project differ from the closedown of a failed company? What are the similarities?
How might the input requirements differ for a project control system versus an audit team evaluating the process that accompanied a project termination decision?
In what way should the planning of the project termination phase be influenced by personnel considerations?
Why do some projects that are clearly “losers” seem to go on forever? Can you identify a few at the national level? State level? Local level?
What is the most important information that a final report should contain?
Several years ago, the U.S. Congress canceled funding for the development of a battery powered electric vehicle. Do you think that was a good decision? Can you imagine what the pros and cons were?
Assume that you are working for a computer manufacturer as a software engineer and that you are told abruptly that your project will be canceled within 4 weeks. List the questions that you would have for management. After absorbing the shock, what would you do?
Identify the closeout costs for a big project, such as the International Space Station after it becomes operational but before it is occupied or a nuclear power plant that is,say,90% complete.
Many people in and out of government have proposed sunset laws for all projects and agencies. That is, after a fixed amount of time, a project or an agency would be closed down unless sufficient justification to continue its activities were offered. Why is such a law needed? What might constitute
List the political and sociological reasons that a project might continue to be supported even though it cannot be justified economically. Can you identify such a project in your private life?
Develop guidelines for writing a project final report.
Write a job description for a project termination manager.
Develop a “generic” project termination plan that is based on the list of activities presented in the chapter. What are the precedence relations among these activities? Develop a linear responsibility chart for the termination phase.
Develop a CBS for the termination phase, assuming that only activities that are not related to the substance of the project are performed in that phase.
Identify two projects (local or national) that were terminated prematurely. a. Analyze the reasons that each was canceled. b. Compare the results of the two cases.
Explain the difference between a project and a batch-oriented production system.
Describe three projects, one whose emphasis is on technology, one with emphasis on cost, and one with emphasis on scheduling.
Identify a project that is “risk free.” Explain why this project is not subject to risk (low probability of undesired results, low cost of undesired results, or both).
In the text, it is stated that a project manager needs a blend of technical, administrative, and interpersonal skills. What attributes do you believe are desirable in an engineering specialist working on a project in a matrix organization?
Write a job description for a project manager.
Identify a project with which you are familiar, and describe its life-cycle phases and between 5 and 10 of the most important activities in each phase of its life cycle.
Find a recent news article on an ongoing project, evaluate the management’s performance, and explain how the project could be better organized and managed.
Analyze the factors that affect the success of projects as a function of the project’s life cycle. Explain in which phase of the life cycle each factor is most important, and why.
In a matrix management structure, the person responsible for a specific activity on a specific project has two bosses. What considerations in a well-run matrix organization reduce the resulting potential for conflict?
Outline a strategy for effective communication between project personnel and the customer (client).
Select a project and discuss what you think are the interfaces between the engineers and the managers assigned to the project.
The project plan is the basis for monitoring, controlling, and evaluating the project’s success once it has started. List the principal components or contents of a project plan.
What type of production system would be associated with the following processes? a. A production line for window assemblies b. A special order of 150 window assemblies c. Supplying 1,000 window assemblies per month throughout the year
You decided to start a self-service restaurant. Identify the stages of this project and the type of production system involved in each stage, from startup until the restaurant is running well enough to sell.
Select two products and two services and describe the needs that generated them. Give examples of other products and services that could satisfy those needs equally well.
You have placed an emergency order for materials from a company that is located 2,000 miles away. You were told that it will be shipped by truck and will arrive within 48 hours, the time at which the materials are needed. Discuss the issues surrounding the probability that the shipment will reach
Your plumber recommends that you replace your cast iron pipes with copper pipes. He claims that although the price for the job is $7,000, he has to add $2,000 for unforeseen expenses. Discuss his proposal.
In statistical analysis, the coefficient of variation is considered to be a measure of uncertainty. It is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean. Select an activity, say, driving from your home to school, generate a frequency distribution for that activity, and calculate its
Specify the type of uncertainties involved in completing each of the following activities successfully. a. Writing a term paper on a subject that does not fall within your field of study b. Undertaking an anthropological expedition in an unknown area c. Driving to the airport to pick up a
Your professor told you that the different departments in the school of business are organized in a matrix structure. Functional areas include organizational behavior, mathematics (operations research and statistics), and computer science. Develop an organization chart that depicts these functions
Provide an organizational structure for a school of business administration that reflects either a functional orientation or a product orientation.
Assume that a recreational park is to be built in your community and that the city council has given you the responsibility of selecting a project manager to lead the effort. Write a job description for the position. Generate a list of relevant criteria that can be used in the selection process,
The following list of activities is relevant to almost any project. Identify the phase in which each is typically performed, and order them in the correct sequence. • Developing the network • Selecting participating organizations • Developing a calendar • Developing corrective
Drawing from your personal experience, give two examples for each of the following situations. a. The original idea was attractive but not sufficiently important to invest in. b. The idea was compelling but was not technically feasible. c. The idea got passed the selection process but was too
List two projects with which either you or your organization is involved that are currently in each of the various life-cycle phases.
Select three national, state, or local projects (e.g., construction of a new airport) that were completed successfully and identify the factors that affected their success. Discuss the attending risks, uncertainty, schedule, cost, technology, and resources usage.
Identify three projects that have failed, and discuss the reasons for their failure.
Explain what a project life cycle is.
Draw a diagram showing the spiral life-cycle model for a particular project.
Draw a diagram showing the waterfall life-cycle model for a particular project.
Discuss the pros and cons of the spiral project life-cycle model and the waterfall project life-cycle model.
How are the processes in the PMBOK related to each other? Give a specific example.
How are the processes in the PMBOK related to the project life cycle? Give a specific example.
If time to market is the most important competitive advantage for an organization, then which life-cycle model should it use for its projects? Explain.
What are the main deliverables of project integration?
What are the relationships between a learning organization and the project management processes?
What are the characteristics of a good project manager?
Find an article describing a national project in detail. On the basis of the article and of your understanding of the project, answer the questions below. State any assumptions that you believe are necessary to provide answers. a. Who were the stakeholders? b. Was it an internal or external
Find an article that discusses workflow management systems (e.g., Stohr and Zhao 2001) and explain the following: a. What are the advantages of workflow systems? b. Under what conditions is a workflow system useful in a project environment? c. Which of the processes described in the PMBOK are
On the basis of the material in this chapter and any outside sources you can find, answer the following. a. Define what is meant by a “learning organization.” b. What are the building blocks of a learning organization? c. What are the advantages of a learning organization? d. What should be
Estimate the LCC for a passenger car. In so doing, select an appropriate CBS and explain your cost estimates.
Explain how the design of a car affects its LCC.
Compare the cost of ownership of a new car with that of a used car of similar type.
Explain the design factors that affect the LCC of an elevator in a New York City office building.
What are the sources of uncertainty in Question 4? Question 4Explain the design factors that affect the LCC of an elevator in a New York City office building.
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