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Energy Statistics A Guide To Information Sources 1st Edition Sarojini Balachandran - Solutions

8. For a regression analysis, a small standard error of the estimate indicates that the coefficient of determination will be . (large, small, always 0)
7. For a given set of data, the coefficient of correlation and the slope of the regression line have the same (values, signs, units, squares).
6. The least squares regression line minimizes the sum of the squared differences between the actual value of the dependent variable and the value.
5. To test the hypothesis that the coefficient of correlation is zero, the test statistic is the distribution.
4. The proportion of total variation in the dependent variable that is explained by the variation in the independent variable is measured by the .
3. In studying the relationship between two variables, if the value of one variable decreases with increases in the other variable, the coefficient of correlation is . (less than zero, zero, greater than zero)
2. The range of the coefficient of correlation is between .
1. The first step in correlation analysis is to plot the data in a .
71. Refer to the real estate data for the Saskatoon area, on Connect, which include information on home listings.a. Let list price be the dependent variable and size (square feet) of the home the independent variable. Determine the regression equation. Estimate the list price for a home with an
70. Refer to the real estate data for the Halifax area, on Connect, which include information on home listings.a. Let list price be the dependent variable and size (square feet) of the home the independent variable. Determine the regression equation. Estimate the list price for a home with an area
69. Emily Smith decides to buy a fuel-efficient used car. Here are several vehicles she is considering, with the estimated cost to purchase and the age of the vehicle: Vehicle Estimated Cost Age Honda Insight $5 555 8 Toyota Prius 17 888 3 Toyota Prius 9 963 6 Toyota Echo 6 793 5 Honda Civic
68. City planners believe that larger cities are populated by older residents. To investigate the relationship, data on population and median age in 10 large cities were collected. Population (in thousands) Median Age 2.833 31.5 1.233 30.5 2.144 30.9 3.849 31.6 8.214 34.2 1.448 34.2 1.513 30.7
67. Meryl’s Apparel is an upscale chain of women’s clothing stores. Due to recent success, Meryl’s top management is planning to expand by locating new stores in other regions of the country. The director of planning has been asked to study the relationship between yearly sales and the store
66. For a sample of 32 large cities, the correlation between the mean number of square feet per office worker and the mean monthly rental rate in the central business district is 0.363. At the 0.05 significance level, can we conclude that there is a negative association in the population between
65. An air travel service samples domestic airline flights to explore the relationship between airfare and distance. The service would like to know if there is a correlation between airfare and flight distance. If there is a correlation, what percentage of the variation in airfare is accounted for
64. A consumer buying cooperative tested the effective heating area of 20 different electric space heaters with different wattages. Here are the results: Heater Wattage Area 1 1500 205 2 750 70 3 1500 199 4 1250 151 5 1250 181 6 1250 217 7 1000 94 8 2000 298 9 1000 135 10 1500 211 11 1250 116 12
63. The following data show the retail price for 12 randomly selected laptop computers along with their corresponding processor speeds in gigahertz: Computer Speed Price 1 2.0 $2017 2 1.6 922 3 1.6 1064 4 1.8 1942 5 2.0 2137 6 1.2 1012 7 2.0 2197 8 1.6 1387 9 2.0 2114 10 1.6 2002 11 1.0 937 12 1.4
62. The following table shows the mean annual percentage return on capital (profitability) and the mean annual percentage sales growth for eight aerospace and defence companies: Company Profitability Growth Alliant Techsystems 23.10 8.00 Boeing 13.20 15.60 General Dynamics 24.20 31.20 Honeywell
60. A dog trainer is exploring the relationship between the size of the dog (weight in kilometres [km]) and its daily food consumption (measured in cups). Below is the result of a sample of 18 observations: Km Cups Km Cups Km Cups 41 3 37 3 49 3 148 8 111 6 113 6 79 5 41 3 84 5 41 4 91 5 95 5 85 5
59. Super Markets is considering expanding into the Northwest Territories. Luann Miller, the director of planning, must present an analysis of the proposed expansion to the board of directors. As part of her proposal, she needs to include information on the amount people in the region spend per
58. The Bardi Trucking Company makes deliveries from Manitoba to the Great Lakes region. Zack Bardi, the president, is studying the relationship between the distance a shipment must travel and the length of time, in days, it takes the shipment to arrive at its destination. To investigate, Zack
57. Regression analysis relating the current market value in dollars to the size of homes in Greene County has been developed. The computer output follows. The regression equation is shown as follows: Value = -37 186 + 65.0 Size. Predictor Coef SE Coef T P Constant -37186 4629 -8.03 0.000 Size
56. A highway employee performed a regression analysis of the relationship between the number of construction work-zone fatalities and the number of unemployed people in a city. The regression equation is shown as: Fatalities = 12.7 + 0.000114 (Unemp), and some more of the output is as follows:
55. Below is information on the price per share and the dividend for a sample of 30 companies: Company Price per Share ($) Dividend ($) Company Price per Share ($) Dividend ($) 1 $20.00 $3.14 16 $57.06 $9.53 2 22.01 3.36 17 57.40 12.60 3 31.39 0.46 18 58.30 10.43 4 33.57 7.99 19 59.51 7.97 5 35.86
54. Mr. William Profit is studying companies going public for the first time. He is particularly interested in the relationship between the size of the offering and the price per share. A sample of 15 companies that recently went public revealed the following information: Company Size ($
53. The relationship between the number of bidders on a highway project and the winning (lowest) bid for the project has been studied. Of particular interest is whether the number of bidders increases or decreases the amount of the winning bid. Project Number of Bidders, X Winning Bid ($ millions),
52. Following is a regression equation: Y¿ = 17.08 + 0.16X This information is also available: Se = 4.05, πX = 210, ©(X − X) 2 = 1030, and n = 5.a. Estimate the value of Y¿ when X = 50.b. Develop a 95% prediction interval for an individual value of Y for X = 50.
51. An ANOVA table is given: SOURCE DF SS MS F Regression 1 50 Error Total 24 500a. Complete the ANOVA table.b. How large was the sample?c. Determine the standard error of estimate.d. Determine the coefficient of determination.
50. The following regression equation was computed from a sample of 20 observations: Y¿ = 15 − 5X SSE was found to be 100, and SS Total 400.a. Determine the standard error of estimate.b. Determine the coefficient of determination.c. Determine the correlation coefficient. (Caution: Watch the
49. The manufacturer of Cardio Glide exercise equipment wants to study the relationship between the number of months since the glide was purchased and the length of time the equipment was used last week. Person Months Owned Hours Exercised Person Months Owned Hours Exercised Rupple 12 4 Massa 2 8
48. A sample of 12 condominiums sold last week is given below. Can we conclude that as the number of bedrooms increases, the selling price (reported in $ thousands) also increases? Number of Bedrooms Selling Price ($ thousands) Number of Bedrooms Selling Price ($ thousands) 3 $200 2 $210 3 210 3
47. What is the relationship between the amount spent per week on food and the size of the family? Do larger families spend more on food? A sample of 10 families revealed the following figures for family size and the amount spent on food per week: Family Size Amount Spent on Food ($) Family Size
46. The following output shows the relationship between the number of hours studied and the final grade in a statistics course: Regression Analysis ANOVA table Source SS df MS Regression 1569.0299 1 1569.0299 Residual 1163.9701 14 83.1407 Total 2733.0000 15 Regression Output Variables Coefficients
45. The following output shows the relationship between units sold and price: Regression Analysis ANOVA table Source SS df MS Regression 3119.4256 1 3119.4256 Residual 840.5744 14 60.0410 Total 3960.0000 15 Regression Output Variables Coefficients Std. error t(df = 14) Intercept 51.0218 4.9740
44. Dr. Raymond Lim wants to investigate the relationship between stress and job satisfaction. To begin, he developed a profile for stress based on assigning points for significant events, such as the death of a spouse, a change in sleeping habits, a change in eating habits, and the addition of a
43. A suburban hotel derives its gross income from its hotel and restaurant operations. The owners are interested in the relationship between the number of rooms occupied on a nightly basis and the revenue per day in the restaurant. Below is a sample of 25 days (Monday through Thursday) from last
42. A sample of 15 financial executives in the pharmaceutical industry revealed the correlation between the amount of fat (in grams) an executive consumed the previous day and that executive’s cholesterol level; the correlation was 0.345.a. Does the cholesterol level in blood seem to increase in
41. A sample of 30 used cars sold by Northcut Motors in 2009 revealed that the correlation between the selling price and the number of kilometres driven was -0.45. At the 0.05 significance level, can we conclude that there is a negative association in the population between the two variables?
40. A study of college soccer games revealed the correlation between the number of shots attempted and the number of goals scored to be 0.21 for a sample of 20 games. Is it reasonable to conclude that there is a positive correlation between the two variables? Use the 0.05 significance level.
39. A Canadian Automobile Association (CAA) study of 12 automobiles revealed a correlation of 0.47 between the engine size and performance. At the 0.01 significance level, can we conclude that there is a positive association between these variables? What is the p-value? Interpret.
38. A sociologist claims that the success of students in college (measured by their grade point average [GPA]) is related to their family’s income. For a sample of 20 students, the coefficient of correlation is 0.40. Using the 0.01 significance level, can we conclude that there is a positive
37. A regional commuter airline selected a random sample of 25 flights and found that the correlation between the number of passengers and the total mass, in kilograms, of luggage stored in the luggage compartment is 0.94. Using the 0.05 significance level, can we conclude that there is a positive
36. According to basic economics, as the demand for a product increases, the price will decrease. Listed below is the number of units demanded and the price: Demand Price 2 $120 5 90 8 80 12 70 16 50 21 45 27 31 35 30 45 25 60 21a. Determine the correlation between price and demand. Plot the data
35. Given the following sample observations, develop a scatter diagram: X: -8 -16 12 2 18 Y: 58 247 153 3 341a. Does the relationship between the variables appear to be linear?b. Compute the coefficient of correlation.c. Determine the standard error of estimate.
34. On the first statistics exam, the coefficient of determination between the hours studied and the grade earned was 80%. The standard error of estimate was 10. There were 20 students in the class. Develop an ANOVA table.
33. Given the following ANOVA table: SOURCE df SS MS F Regression 1 1000.0 1000.00 26.00 Error 13 500.0 38.46 Total 14 1500.0a. Determine the coefficient of determination.b. Assuming a direct relationship between the variables, what is the coefficient of correlation?c. Determine the standard error
32. The number of shares of Icom Inc. turned over during a month and the prices at the end of the month are listed in the following table. Also, the Y¿ values on the line going through observed data are given below: Turnover (thousands of shares), X Actual Price, Y Estimated Price, Y¿ 4 $2 $2.7 1
31. Using the preceding problem, involving years on the job and weekly production, verify that the coefficient of determination is, in fact, 0.80.
30. The SU (Student Union) Association at a local college wanted to demonstrate the relationship between the numbers of beers a student drinks and their blood alcohol content (BAC). A random sample of 18 students participated in the study in which each participating student was randomly assigned a
29. The Airline Passenger Association studied the relationship between the number of passengers on a particular flight and the cost of the flight. It seems logical that more passengers being on the flight will result in more weight and more luggage, which, in turn, will result in higher fuel costs.
28. A study of 20 worldwide financial institutions showed the correlation between their assets and pretax profit to be 0.86. At the 0.05 significance level, can we conclude that there is positive correlation in the population?
27. A refining company is studying the relationship between the pump price of gasoline and the number of litres sold. For a sample of 20 stations last Tuesday, the correlation was -0.78. At the 0.01 significance level, is the correlation in the population less than zero?
26. The following hypotheses are given: H0 : ρ ≥ 0 H1 : ρ < 0 A random sample of 15 paired observations has a correlation of 0.46. Can we conclude that the correlation in the population is less than zero? Use the 0.05 significance level.
25. The following hypotheses are given: H0 : ρ ≤ 0 H1 : ρ > 0 A random sample of 12 paired observations indicated a correlation of 0.32. Can we conclude that the correlation in the population is greater than zero? Use the 0.05 significance level.
24. The owner of Maumee Motors wants to study the relationship between the age of a car and its selling price. Listed below is a random sample of 12 used cars sold at Maumee Motors during the last year: Car Age (years) Selling Price ($ thousands) Car Age (years) Selling Price ($ thousands) 1 9 $8.1
23. The city council of Pine Bluffs is considering increasing the number of police officers in an effort to reduce crime. Before making a final decision, the council asks the chief of police to survey other cities of similar size to determine the relationship between the number of police officers
22. The production department of Celltronics International wants to explore the relationship between the number of employees who assemble a subassembly and the number produced. As an experiment, two employees were assigned to assemble the parts. They produced 15 during a one-hour period. Then,
20. The following sample observations were randomly selected: X: 5 3 6 3 4 468 Y: 13 15 7 12 13 11 9 5 Determine the correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination. Interpret. 21. Bi-lo Appliance Super Store has outlets in several large Canadian cities. The general sales manager plans
19. The following sample observations were randomly selected: X: 4 5 3 6 10 Y:4657 7 Determine the correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination. Interpret.
18. Refer to Exercise 4.a. Determine the 98% confidence interval, in thousands of dollars, for the mean of all sales personnel who make 40 contacts.b. Determine the 98% prediction interval, in thousands of dollars, for a particular salesperson who makes 40 contacts.
17. Refer to Exercise 3.a. Determine the 90% confidence interval, in thousands of kilowatt-hours, for the mean of all sixroom homes.b. Determine the 90% prediction interval, in thousands of kilowatt-hours, for a particular six-room home.
16. Refer to Exercise 2.a. Determine the 95% confidence interval for the mean predicted when X = 7.b. Determine the 95% prediction interval for an individual predicted when X = 7.
15. Refer to Exercise 1.a. Determine the 95% confidence interval for the mean predicted when X = 7.b. Determine the 95% prediction interval for an individual predicted when X = 7.
13. Refer to Exercise 7. Determine the standard error of estimate. 14. Refer to Exercise 8. Determine the standard error of estimate.
12. Refer to Exercise 4.a. Determine the standard error of estimate.b. Suppose a large sample is selected (instead of just 10). About 95% of the predictions regarding sales would occur between what two values?
11. Refer to Exercise 3.a. Determine the standard error of estimate.b. Suppose a large sample is selected (instead of just 10). About 95% of the predictions regarding kilowatt-hours would occur between what two values?
10. Refer to Exercise 2.a. Determine the standard error of estimate.b. Suppose a large sample is selected (instead of just eight). About 95% of the predictions would be between what two values?
9. Refer to Exercise 1.a. Determine the standard error of estimate.b. Suppose a large sample is selected (instead of just five). About 68% of the predictions would be between what two values?
8. The owner of Maumee Motors wants to study the relationship between the age of a car and its selling price. Listed below is a random sample of 12 used cars sold at Maumee Motors last year: Car Age (years) Selling Price ($ thousands) Car Age (years) Selling Price ($ thousands) 1 9 $8.1 7 8 $7.6 2
7. The city council of Pine Bluffs is considering increasing the number of police in an effort to reduce crime. Before making a final decision, the council asks the chief of police to survey other cities of similar size to determine the relationship between the number of police and the number of
6. We are studying mutual bond funds for the purpose of investing in several funds. For this particular study, we want to focus on the assets of a fund and its five-year performance. The question is: can the five-year rate of return be estimated based on the assets of the fund? Nine mutual funds
5. In a recent poll concerning sales, earnings, and job creation, 12 companies responded with the following information: Company Sales ($ thousands) Earnings ($ thousands) Company Sales ($ thousands) Earnings ($ thousands) M Studios $89.2 $4.9 Armstrong Aircraft $17.5 $2.6 Monica’s Kitchen 18.6
4. Mr. James McWhinney, president of Daniel-James Financial Services, believes there is a relationship between the number of client contacts and the dollar amount of sales. To document this assertion, Mr. McWhinney gathered the following sample information. The X column indicates the number of
3. Bradford Electric Illuminating Company is studying the relationship between kilowatt-hours (thousands) used and the number of rooms in a private single-family residence. A random sample of 10 homes yielded the following: Number of Rooms Kilowatt-Hours (thousands) Number of Rooms Kilowatt-Hours
2. The following sample observations were randomly selected: X: 5 36 3 4 4 68 Y: 13 15 7 12 13 11 9 5a. Draw a scatter diagram.b. Determine the regression equation.c. Determine the value of Y¿ when X is 7.
1. The following sample observations were randomly selected: X: 4 5 3 6 10 Y:4 6 5 7 7a. Draw a scatter diagram.b. Determine the regression equation.c. Determine the value of Y¿ when X is 7.
2. The results of a one-way ANOVA are reported below: ANOVA Source of Variation SS Df MS F Between Groups 6.90 2 3.45 5.15 Within Groups 12.04 18 0.67 Total 19.34 20a. How many treatments are in the study?b. What is the total sample size?c. What is the critical value of F using a significance level
1. Is the variance of the distance travelled per week by two taxi cab companies operating in the Grand Strand area different? The Sun News, the local newspaper, is investigating and obtained the following sample information:Variable Yellow Cab Diamond Cab Mean kilometres travelled 837 797 Standard
10. For a one-way ANOVA, the treatments must be .
9. In one-way ANOVA, differences between treatment means are tested with . (confidence intervals, z-values, significance levels, variances)
8. A mean square is computed as a sum of squares divided by the .
7. In one-way ANOVA, the null hypothesis is that the population means are .
6. One-way ANOVA partitions total variation into two parts. One is the treatment variation, and the other is the .
5. The ANOVA test assumes equal . (population means, population standard deviations, sample sizes, z-values)
4. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is used to compare two or more . (means, proportions, samples sizes, z-values)
3. The F-statistic is computed as the ratio of two .
2. The shape of the F distribution is . (symmetrical, positively skewed, negatively skewed, uniform)
1. The test statistic for comparing two population variances follows the .
42. Three super store chains claim to have the lowest overall prices. As part of a class project, a group of students conducted an investigative study on super store advertising. A random sample of nine items was selected, and the price of each selected item was checked at each of the three super
41. Shank’s Inc. a nationwide advertising firm, wants to know whether the colour of an advertisement makes a difference in the response of magazine readers. A random sample of readers is shown ads of four different colours. Each reader is asked to give the colour a rating between 1 and 10 (10 is
40. There are four McBurger restaurants on and within 30 kilometres of the college campus. The numbers of burgers sold at the respective restaurants for each of the last six weeks are shown below. At the 0.05 significance level, is there a difference in the mean number sold among the four
39. Chapin Manufacturing Company operates 24 hours a day, five days a week. The workers rotate shifts each week. Management is interested in whether there is a difference in the number of units produced on each of the three shifts. A sample of five days is selected and the output on each shift is
38. Jack Wolicki is a production supervisor in an industrial manufacturing company. He would like to determine whether there is more variation in the number of units produced on the afternoon shift than on the day shift. A sample of 15 day-shift workers showed that the mean number of units produced
37. The Simone Company is considering a new computer program to speed up the processing of its inventory. Two programs are being considered: Program A and Program B. To test the programs, 23 employees were divided into two groups of 12 and 11. The mean processing time of the twelve employees for
36. Investors can now make stock trades online for as little as $7 per trade. Some suggest that this will motivate investors to increase the percentage of stocks in their portfolios. Further, stocks as a percentage of an investor’s portfolio may be related to age. To investigate, Dr. Merenick,
35. For your email, you use a filter to block spam from your inbox. The number of items recorded by the day of the week is recorded. The results are as follows: Source DF SS MS F P Factor 6 1367.8 228.0 5.72 0.000 Error 48 1913.2 39.9 Total 54 3281.0 S = 6.313 R-Sq = 41.69% R-Sq(adj) =
34. The postal service handles different types of mail, such as registered mail, letters, parcels, pre-paid mail, and so on. Over a period of three weeks, one item of each kind was sent from a particular postal code administrative office. The total time in transit was recorded. The results are as
33. Jacob Lee is a frequent traveller between Regina and Saskatoon. For the past month, he wrote down the flight times on three different airlines. The results are as follows: Airline A Airline B Airline C 51 50 52 51 53 55 52 52 60 42 62 64 51 53 61 57 49 49 47 50 49 47 49 50 58 60 54 54 51 49 49
32. There are four radio stations in Midland. The stations have different formats (hard rock, classical, country and western, and easy listening), but each is concerned with the number of minutes of music played per hour. From a sample of 10 hours from each station, the following sample means were
31. Listed below are the masses (in grams) of a sample of M&M’s plain candies, classified according to colour. Determine whether there is a difference in the mean masses of candies of different colours. Use the 0.05 significance level. Red Orange Yellow Brown Tan Green 0.946 0.902 0.929 0.896

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