Calculate the CPI for the processor in the table using: 1) only a first level cache, 2) a second level direct-mapped cache, and 3) a second level eight way set associative cache. How do these numbers change if main memory access time is doubled? If it is cut in half?

Multilevel caching is an important technique to overcome the limited amount of space that a First level cache can provide while still maintaining its speed. Consider a processor with the following parameters:

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1.0 1.5 2 GHz 2 GHz 150 ns 100 ns 3% 7% 15 cycles 12 cycles 5.0% 3.5% 20 cycles 28 cycles 2.0% 1.5% Base CPI, No Memory Stalls Processor Speed Main Memory Access Time First Level Cache Miss Rate per Instruction Second Level Cache, Direct-Mapped Speed Global Miss Rate with Second Level Cache, Direct-Mapped Second Level Cache, Eight-Way Set Associative Speed Global Miss Rate with Second Level Cache, Eight-Way Set Associative