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computer science
systems analysis design

Questions and Answers of Systems Analysis Design

Rework Problem 13.18 for a lossy line with a constant series resistance \(\mathrm{R}=0.3 \Omega / \mathrm{km}\). Lump half of the total resistance at each end of the line.Problem 13.18For the circuit
Repeat Example 13.8 for a \(500-\mathrm{kV}\) system with a 1.08 per-unit maximum \(60-\mathrm{Hz}\) voltage under normal operating conditions and with a \(2000-\mathrm{kV}\) BIL.Example 13.8Consider
Select a station-class metal-oxide surge arrester from Table 13.2 for the high-voltage side of a three-phase 400 MVA, \(345-\mathrm{kV}\) Y/13.8-kV \(\Delta\) transformer. The maximum
Are laterals on primary radial systems typically protected from short circuits? If so, how (by fuses, circuit breakers, or reclosers)?
What is the most common type of grounding on primary distribution systems?
What is the most common primary distribution voltage class in the United States?
Why are reclosers used on overhead primary radial systems and overhead primary loop systems? Why are they not typically used on underground primary radial systems and underground primary loop systems?
What are the typical secondary distribution voltages in the United States?
What are the advantages of secondary networks? Name two disadvantages.
Using the Internet, name three cities in the Western Interconnection of the United States that have secondary network systems.
A three-phase \(138 \mathrm{kV} \Delta / 13.8 \mathrm{kV} \mathrm{Y}\) distribution substation transformer rated \(40 \mathrm{MVA}\) OA/50 MVA FA/65MVA FOA has an 9\% impedance. (a) Determine the
As shown in Figure 14.24, an urban distribution substation has one 30-MVA (FOA) and three 33.3 MVA (FOA), \(138 \mathrm{kV} \Delta / 12.5 \mathrm{kV}\) Y transformers denoted TR1-TR4, which feed
For the distribution substation given in Problem 14.9, assume that each of the four circuit breakers on the \(12.5-\mathrm{kV}\) side of the distribution substation transformers has a maximum
(a) How many Mvars of shunt capacitors are required to increase the power factor on a 10 MVA load from 0.85 to 0.9 lagging? (b) How many Mvars of shunt capacitors are required to increase the power
Rework Example 14.3 with RLoad =40Ω/RLoad =40Ω/ phase, XLoad =60Ω/XLoad =60Ω/ phase, and XC=60Ω/XC=60Ω/ phase.Example 14.3Figure 14.21 shows a single-line diagram of a 13.8−kV13.8−kV
Table 14.10 gives 2010 annual outage data (sustained interruptions) from a utility's CIS database for feeder 8050 . This feeder serves 4500 customers with a total load of \(9 \mathrm{MW}\). Table
Assume that a utility's system consists of two feeders: feeder 7075 serving 2000 customers and feeder 8050 serving 4000 customers. Annual outage data during 2010 is given in Table 14.6 and 14.10 for
Open PowerWorld Simulator case Problem 14_15, which represents a lower load scenario for the Figure 14.22 case. Determine the optimal status of the six switched shunts to minimize the system
Open PowerWorld Simulator case Problem 14_16, which represents a lower load scenario for the Figure 14.22 case and has the LTC transformer taps each changed to 1.025 . Determine the optimal status of
Open PowerWorld Simulator case Problem 14_17 and note the case losses. Then close the bus tie breaker between buses 2 and 3. How do the losses change? How can the case be modified to reduce the
Usually in power flow studies the load is treated as being independent of the bus voltage. That is, a constant power model is used. However, in reality the load usually has some voltage dependence,
Repeat Problem 14.18, except using PowerWorld Simulator case Problem 14_19 which has a different load level from the Problem 14.18 case.Problem 14.18Usually in power flow studies the load is treated
Select one of the smart grid characteristics from the list given in this section. Write a one page (or other instructor-selected length) summary and analysis paper on a current news story that
(a) Design a passive \(R C\) first-order low-pass circuit with a passband gain of \(\mathrm{odB}\) and a cutoff frequency of \(5 \mathrm{krad} / \mathrm{s}\).(b) Cascade two identical circuits of
The transfer function of a first-order circuit is\[T(s)=\frac{100 s}{s+5000}\](a) Identify the type of gain response. Find the cutoff frequency and the passband gain.(b) Use MATLAB to plot the
A circuit has the following transfer function:\[T(s)=\frac{5000 s}{s^{2}+100 s+10^{6}}\]Use MATLAB to plot the Bode diagram of the transfer function. From the plot, determine the following:(a) The
Design a circuit with the transfer function in Problem 12-23. Validate your design using Multisim.
A circuit has the following transfer function:\[T(s)=\frac{s+10^{6}}{s^{2}+B s+10^{6}}\]\(B\) is a constant multiplier that can change the behavior of the circuit. With \(B=50\), use MATLAB to plot
There is a need to visualize the gain plot of the following transfer function:\[T(s)=\frac{5(s+100)}{s^{2}+2000 s+10^{6}}\](a) Use MATLAB to determine what type of filter it is (LP, HP, BP, or
The circuit in Figure P12-27 produces a bandpass response for a suitable choice of element values. Identify the elements that control the two cutoff frequencies. Select the element values so that the
The circuit in Figure P12-28 produces a bandpass response for a suitable choice of element values. Identify the elements that control the two cutoff frequencies. Select the element values so that the
The circuit in Figure P12-30 produces a bandstop response for a suitable choice of element values.(a) Find the circuit's transfer function.(b) Identify the elements that control the two cutoff
Design an audio amplifier that amplifies signals from \(20 \mathrm{~Hz}\) to \(20 \mathrm{kHz}\). Your approach should be to use a cascade connection of two first-order passive circuits separated by
The circuit in Figure P12-32 is a typical \(R L C\) filter circuit.(a) Find the circuit's transfer function \(T(s)\) if \(C=33 \mu \mathrm{F}, L=\) \(47 \mathrm{mH}\), and \(R=10 \Omega\).(b)
Design an \(R L C\) bandstop filter with a center frequency of \(400 \mathrm{krad} / \mathrm{s}\) and a \(Q\) of 20 . The passband gain is \(\mathrm{dB}\). Use practical values for \(R, L\), and
Design an \(R L C\) bandpass filter with a center frequency of \(1000 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}\) and a \(Q\) of 0.1 . The passband gain is \(+20 \mathrm{~dB}\). Use practical values for \(R, L\),
A series \(R L C\) bandpass circuit with \(R=2 \mathrm{k} \Omega\) is designed to have a bandwidth of \(150 \mathrm{Mrad} / \mathrm{s}\) and a center frequency of \(50 \mathrm{Mrad} / \mathrm{s}\).
A parallel \(R L C\) bandpass circuit with \(C=0.005 \mu \mathrm{F}\) and \(Q=15\) has a center frequency of \(500 \mathrm{krad} / \mathrm{s}\). Find \(R, L\), and the two cutoff frequencies. Could
(a) Design a parallel \(R L C\) circuit with \(R=150 \mathrm{k} \Omega\), a center frequency of \(50 \mathrm{krad} / \mathrm{s}\), and a \(Q\) of 15 .(b) Validate your design using Multisim.
A series \(R L C\) bandpass filter is required to have resonance at \(f_{0}=50 \mathrm{kHz}\). The circuit is driven by a sinusoidal source with a Thévenin resistance of \(60 \Omega\). The following
A series \(R L C\) bandstop circuit is to be used as a notch filter to eliminate a bothersome \(100-\mathrm{Hz}\) hum in an international audio channel application. The signal source has a Thévenin
Find the transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{2}(s) / V_{1}(s\) ) for the bandpass circuit in Figure P12-40. Use MATLAB to visualize the Bode characteristics if \(R=50 \Omega, L=50 \mu
Show that the transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{2}(\) \(s) / V_{1}(s)\) of the circuit in Figure P12-41 has a bandstop filter characteristic. Derive expressions relating the notch frequency
A professor gave the following quiz to his students:Look at Figure P12-42. Each curve represents the voltage across an individual element in a series \(R L C\) circuit. Identify which curve belongs
(a) Using MATLAB, plot the gain and phase of the transfer functions below:\[\begin{aligned}& T_{1}(s)=\frac{5000}{s+1000} \\& T_{2}(s)=\frac{10 s}{s+2000}\end{aligned}\](b) From the plots, determine
The transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{2}(s) / V_{1}(s)\) for a particular circuit is\[T(s)=-\frac{100 s}{s+500}\](a) Identify the critical point of \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)\). What is the phase of
Find the transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{2}(s) / V_{1}(s\) ) for the circuit in Figure P12-45 .(a) Use MATLAB to generate a Bode plot of your transfer function. From the Bode plots, estimate
For the following transfer function\[T(s)=\frac{2(s+1)}{(s+100)}\](a) Use MATLAB to plot the Bode magnitude of the transfer function. Is this a low-pass, high-pass, bandpass, or bandstop function?
For the following transfer function,\[T(s)=\frac{-50(s+10)}{(s+1000)}\](a) Identify the critical points. What type of filter is this? Estimate the cutoff frequency and the passband gain. What is the
For the following transfer function\[T(s)=\frac{500 s}{s^{2}+1010 s+10,000}\](a) Use MATLAB to plot the Bode magnitude and phase of the transfer function. Measure the cutoff frequencies, the
For the following transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{2}(s\) )\(/ V_{1}(s)\)\[T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=\frac{20(s+10)(s+100)}{(s+1)(s+1000)}\](a) What are the poles and zeros of the function? Is this a
For the following transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{2}(s) / V\) \(1(s)\)\[T(s)=\frac{10^{8}(s+100)^{2}}{(s+1000)^{4}}\](a) Use MATLAB to plot the Bode magnitude and phase of the transfer
For the following transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V\) \({ }_{2}(s) / V_{1}(s)\)\[T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=K \frac{s}{s^{2}+B s+\omega_{0}^{2}}\](a) Select values of \(B\) and co \({ }_{0}\) so that
Consider the gain plot in Figure P12-52.(a) Find the transfer function corresponding to the straightline gain plot.(b) Use MATLAB to plot the Bode magnitude and phase of the transfer function.(c)
Consider the gain plot in Figure P12-53 .(a) Find a transfer function corresponding to the straight-line gain plot. Note that the magnitude of the actual frequency response must be exactly 5 at the
Consider the gain plot in Figure P12-54.(a) Find the transfer function corresponding to the straightline gain plot.(b) Use MATLAB to plot the Bode magnitude of the transfer function.(c) Design a
Consider the following transfer function:\[T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=\frac{K}{s^{2}+B s+10^{10}}\](a) Select \(K\) so that the passband gain is \(+60 \mathrm{~dB}\).(b) Using MATLAB plot three different Bode
The step response of a linear circuit is\[g(t)=50 e^{-5000 t} u(t)\](a) Find the impulse response waveform, \(h(t)\).(b) Is the circuit a low-pass, high-pass, bandpass, or bandstop filter?(c) Use
A circuit has the following transfer function:\[T(s)=\frac{s^{2}}{s^{2}+1500 s+2 \times 10^{6}}\](a) Use MATLAB to find its Bode magnitude response.(b) Use MATLAB to find its step response.(c)
Select \(B\) in the following transfer function so that the step response is Case B (two equal roots).\[T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=\frac{10^{7}}{s^{2}+B s+10^{8}}\]Verify your choice using MATLAB's step
The following two transfer functions look similar. The difference is that their numerators and denominators are reversed. One is a tuned (narrow bandpass filter), the other is a notch (narrow
There is a need for a passive notch filter at 10 \(\mathrm{krad} / \mathrm{s}\). The narrower the notch the better, but there should be minimal ringing of the signals passing through. The transforms
There is a need for a filter to reduce the interference from a powerline on radio equipment. The interference is not only at \(60 \mathrm{~Hz}\) but also at its second harmonic, \(120 \mathrm{~Hz}\).
Step Response of an RLC Bandpass Circuit The step response of a series \(R L C\) bandpass circuit is\[g(t)=\left[\frac{4}{5} e^{-100 t} \sin (500 t)ight] u(t)\](a) Find the passband center frequency,
A Tunable Tank Circuit The RLC circuit in Figure P1263 (often called a tank circuit) has \(R=4.7 \mathrm{k} \Omega, C=68 \mathrm{opF}\), and an adjustable (tunable) \(L\) ranging from 64 to \(640 \mu
Filter Design Specification(a) Construct a transfer function whose gain response lies entirely within the nonshaded region in Figure P12-64. Validate your results using MATLAB.(b) If in addition to
Networks Integrated circuit (chip) \(R C\) networks are used at parallel data ports to suppress radio frequency noise. In a certain application, RF noise at \(3.2 \mathrm{MHz}\) is interfering with a
Design Evaluation Your company issued a request for proposals listing the following design requirements and evaluation criteria.Design Requirements : Design a low-pass filter with a passband gain of
Design EvaluationIn a research laboratory, you need a bandpass filter to meet the following requirements:Design Requirements: Passband gain: \(10 \pm 5 \%, B=10 \mathrm{krad} / \mathrm{s} \pm\) \(5
Design EvaluationIn a cable service distribution station, you need a bandstop filter to meet the following requirements:Design Requirements: Passband gain: \(10 \pm 5 \%, B=3.3 \mathrm{kHz} \pm\) \(5
The transfer function for a second-order LPF with \(T_{\max }=\mathrm{OdB}\) is\[T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=\frac{\omega_{0}^{2}}{s^{2}+2 \zeta \omega_{0} s+\omega_{0}^{2}}\]Find the location of the poles
Determining the Cutoff Frequency of Two OnePole Filters in Cascade(a) Often one needs a simple cascaded low-pass \(R C\) filter that will achieve \(-40 \mathrm{~dB} / \mathrm{dec}\). Cascading two
Fiber-Optic Versus Cellular Communications Today, \(5 \mathrm{G}\) communications are necessary to deliver high band-widths and high-speed data to enable streaming of all types of information to
The OP AMP circuit in Figure P10-51 is in the zero state. Use node-voltage equations to find the circuit determinant. Select values of \(R, C_{1}\), and \(C_{2}\) so that the circuit has
Assume that the circuits in Figures P10-50 and P10-51 both have the same response characteristics. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?
The switch in Figure P10-53 has been in position A for a long time and is moved to position B at \(t=0\).(a) Write an appropriate set of node-voltage or mesh current equations in the \(s\) domain.(b)
There is no energy stored in the circuit in Figure P10-54 at \(t=0\). Transform the circuit into the \(s\) domain. Then use the unit output method to find the ratio \(V_{\mathrm{O}}(s) /
The switch in Figure P10-55 has been open for a long time and is closed at \(t=0\). Transform the circuit into the \(\mathrm{s}\) domain and solve for \(V_{\mathrm{O}}(s)\) and \(v_{\mathrm{O}}(t)\).
Show that the circuit in Figure P10-5 \(\underline{6}\) has natural poles at \(s=-4 / R C\) and \(s=-2 / R C \pm j 2 / R C\) when \(L=R^{2} C / 4\).
Find the range of the gain \(\mu\) for which the circuit's output \(V_{\mathrm{O}}(s)\) in Figure P10-57. is stable (i.e., all poles are in the lefthand side of the \(s\) plane.)
Consider what a pole-zero diagram can tell about the behavior of signals represented by their poles.(a) For example, consider a single pole, say \(V(s)=V_{\mathrm{A}} /(s\) \(+\alpha\) ). Let
The circuit in Figure P10-59. is shown in the \(t\) domain with initial values for the energy storage devices.(a) Transform the circuit into the \(s\) domain and write a set of node-voltage
Thévenin's Theorem from Time-Domain Data A black box containing a linear circuit has an on-off switch and a pair of external terminals. When the switch is turned on, the open-circuit voltage between
In order to match the Thévenin impedance of a source, the load impedance in Figure P10-61 must be a equation(a) What impedance \(Z_{2}(s)\) is required if \(R=10 \Omega\) ?(b) How would you realize
The \(R C\) circuits in Figure P10-62 represent the situation at the input to an oscilloscope. The parallel combination of \(R_{1}\) and \(C_{1}\) represents the probe used to connect the
The OP AMP circuit in Figure P10-63 is in the zero state.(a) Transform the circuit into the \(s\) domain and use the \(\mathrm{OP}\) AMP circuit analysis techniques developed in Section 4-4 to find
The purpose of the test setup in Figure P10-64 is to deliver damped sine pulses to the test load. The excitation comes from a 1 -Hz square wave generator. The pulse conversion circuit must deliver
In transistor amplifier design, a by-pass capacitor is connected across the emitter resistor \(R_{\mathrm{E}}\) to effectively short out the emitter resistor at signal frequencies. This design
The Acme Pole Eliminator company states in their online catalog that the circuit shown in Figure P10-66 can eliminate any realizable pole. Their catalog states "Suppose you have a need to eliminate
The OP AMP circuit in Figure P10-67 is an audio band-pass filter-amplifier.(a) Your task is to design such a filter so that the lowfrequency cutoff is \(80 \mathrm{~Hz}\) and the high-frequency
(a) Find the driving point impedance seen by the voltage source in Figure P11-1 and the voltage transfer function \(T_{\mathbf{V}}(s)=V_{\mathbf{2}}(s) / V_{1}(s)\).(b) Select values of \(R\) and
(a) Find the driving point impedance seen by the voltage source in Figure P11-2 and the voltage transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{2}(s) / V_{1}(s)\).(b) Select values of \(R\) and \(L\) so
(a) Find the driving point impedance seen by the voltage source in Figure P11-3 and the voltage transfer function \(T_{\mathbf{V}}(s)=V_{\mathbf{2}}(s) / V_{1}(s)\).(b) Select values of \(R, L\), and
The transfer impedance function \(T_{\mathrm{Z}}(s)\) for the parallel circuit in Figure P11-4 isShow that the poles of the driving point impedance Z(s) are the poles of the transfer impedance
(a) Find the driving point impedance seen by the voltage source in Figure P11-5 and the voltage transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{\mathbf{2}}(s) / V_{1}(s)\).(b) Select values for \(R_{1},
(a) Find the driving point impedance seen by the voltage source in Figure P11-6 and the voltage transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{\mathbf{2}}(s) / V_{\mathbf{1}}(s)\).(b) Select values for
(a) Find the voltage transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{2}(s\))/ \(V_{1}(s)\) in Figure P11-7.(b) With \(L=1 \mathrm{H}\), select values of \(C\) and \(R\) so that poles are located at \(-2000
(a) Find the driving point impedance seen by the voltage source in Figure P11-8 and the voltage transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}\) \((s)=V_{2}(s) / V_{1}(s)\).(b) Insert a follower at A and repeat.
(a) Find the driving point impedance seen by \(V_{1}(s)\) in Figure P11-9.(b) Find the voltage transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{V}}(s)=V_{2}(s) / V_{1}\) ( \(s\) ).(c) Select values of \(R_{1}, R_{2},
(a) Do a source transformation for \(I_{1}(s)\) and \(R\).(b) Use the new Thévenin source to find the transfer function \(T_{\mathrm{Z}}(s)=V_{2}(s) / I_{1}(s)\).(c) Select values of \(R\) and \(L\)

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