Questions and Answers of Introduction To Biotechnology

Bt toxins are effective at killing birds and mammals. True/False
Most applied pesticides are effective for long periods of time. True/False
The insect that has caused the most damage to corn crops is the boll weevil. True/False
Roundup is a nonselective herbicide. True/False
Stress tolerance genes can be used to improve plant growth and crop yields. True/False
Plants and algae Gata be engineered to produce oils that can be used as fossil fuels. True/False
Plants with nitrogen use efficiency traits require less chemical fertilizers than other plants. True/False
Cellulose is a good source of sugar because cellulose molecules are very easy to break apart. True/False
Thousands of acres of arable land are lost each year to increased soil salinity levels. True/False
Explain the advantages of genetically engineering crops that are resistant to insect pests.
List the crops that have been produced using the Bt gene.
Explain how using the Bt gene can help reduce the amount of mycotoxins found in corn crops.
Distinguish between selective and nonselective herbicides.
What does it mean to say that a crop has “stacked traits’’?
Explain what is meant by “quality traits”? Give two examples of crops with quality traits.
How are plants used to biomanufacturer pharmaceuticals?
Select three agricultural biotech products that are currently on the market and explain the features of each product.
____________ _________________ is the process that involves the introduction of the male ___________________ into the ________________ tract of a female animal by means other than the natural
If animals are ____________________ they must go through a __________________ process that requires the animals to be kept in _______________ for a period of time to make sure that they do not bring
In the _____________ a process was discovered in which a protectant, such as ______________ is added to the ____________ before it is ___________________.
Females have to be closely __________________ for signs of ________________ (the period when she is ready for mating), and they also have to be ____________ and ____________ one at a time.
Processing semen involves adding ___________ such as ______________ egg yolk, _______________, and/ or __________________.
Estrus is the time when the female allows _______________ and it is controlled by the ______________ and ____________ of _________________ at the proper time.
The process of _______________transfer begins with the selection of ________________ _______________ and _____________ ________________
In the process of embryo transfer, the _________________ animals undergo a process known as _________________ causing the donor animal to release _________________ eggs instead of just
The _______________cow is made to come into estrus using a feed additive containing _____________ and when the _______________ _____________ reaches the proper stage the embryo is placed in the of
During sperm sorting, the __________________ coated sperm is then passed under a laser beam that _______________ the dye. since the __________ (X) chromosome gives off_________ light, it can be
Every aspect of the livestock industry is directly dependent on the reproduction of animals. True /false
It is safer for the females in a herd to keep the sire on the premises than it is to use artificial insemination. True/False
Artificial insemination has been used by animal producers since the Middle Ages. True/False
Bull semen has been stored successfully for as long as 50 years. True/False
Sperm cells of all animal species are the same shape. True /False
It is beneficial for a producer to have an entire herd of females animals come into estrus at the same time. True/False
Follicle-stimulating hormone causes the egg to develop within the follicle on the ovary. True/False
Donor cows are usually undesirable as breeding stock. True/False
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) will cause a female animal to come into estrus. True / False
Pregnancies resulting from embryo transfer are less likely to go full term and result in a normal calf than regular pregnancies. True/ False
List the advantages of using artificial insemination.
Explain why the sperm preservation process developed in the 1950s was so important for the animal industry.
How is semen quality measured?
Describe the process of artificially inseminating a female animal with thawed semen.
Explain how a producer can synchronize the estrous cycles of a herd of females.
List the advantages of using embryo transfer.
Describe the process of embryo transfer.
Describe the process of sperm sorting.
What is the advantage of a dual production system?
Traditionally, ______________ ______________ and _______________ products have been used to help alleviate _______________ and promote healing.
One of the greatest modern tools for treating and curing diseases is ______________ ______________ of cells to produce therapeutic __________________ and _________________ through _______________.
Pharming is the production of pharmaceuticals in genetically _________________ whole ______________ or _________________ and gets its name from a combination of the terms _________________ and
The principle behind _______________________ is the injection of ______________ or greatly ____________________ disease-causing organisms called ______________ into the body.
_________________ therapy involves the of genes into the _____________________ genome that __________________ a problem with a person's original genes.
A. ________________is a means to carry a _________________ organism, or _________________ material.
A ___________________ is a chemical substance ________________ by an organ that has important _________________ effects on other _________________ of cells elsewhere in the organism.
Correlating human _____________ variations with ____________ may allow for the development of _________________ tests and ___________________ drug treatments.
DNA ____________________ represent regions of the human genome that vary in ________________ between different people and are used in __________________ _________________ _________________
International cooperation between research groups has lead to the _____________ _________________ _________________ an effort to characterize genomic ____________ and _____________ between various
Diseases that are easily treatable with antibiotics, such as cholera, no longer kill humans. True/False
Pharming is used because it is cheaper than biomanufacturing. True/False
All researchers prefer to use food crops for plant pharming. True/False
Regulatory approvals have been faster for the use of pharmaceutical crops to produce pharmaceuticals versus the use of plant cell cultures. True/False
Edible plant vaccines work because ingested antigens pass through the mucous lining of the digestive tract and impart immunity. True/False
Rice is considered the perfect food for vaccines. True/False
The advantage of using animal blood or urine for the production of drugs and vaccines is that these fluids can be used immediately on the birth of the animal. True/False
Single nucleotide polymorphisms are single base changes in the DNA that may vary betweenpeople. True/False
Almost all organ transplant failures are due to tissue rejection by the recipient’s immunesystem. True/False
The best replacement for damaged human heart valves are mechanical valves. True/False
What is biomanufacturing?
Why are researchers concerned with gene flow in plants used for pharming? How can they prevent gene flow?
What are the advantages of using plant cell cultures rather than animal or bacterial cell cultures for biomanufacturing?
Explain how vaccinations work.
Describe the main problem with using edible plant vaccines.
Explain how milk can be used as a drug manufacturing and delivery system.
Explain the importance of genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
What is epigenetic inheritance?
Identify and describe the three main types of organ transplant.
Our bodies need a wide variety of different ____________________ to perform such functions as cell ___________________ the , the development and maintenance of our________________ systems and the
___________are plant-derived molecules that may have_________ _____________ or ______________ enhancing properties.
A shortage of either________ or _____________ can cause our bodies to ___________ which in turn leads to _______________ or even death.
_____________ _____________ may be made in the human body by metabolizing the phyto- chemical__________ which provides the ____________ or ____________ color to fruits and vegetables.
In addition to _______________ Golden Rice researchers are now working on increasing levels of ___________ ___________ __________ and________________ in this biotech crop.
Early forms of ________________ played a crucial role in the _____________ of food crops and ani-mals by providing the _______________ to properly preserve food until it can reach our tables for
The process of _____________ uses heat to kill___________ while the process of __________ removes the moisture necessary for bacterial growth from the food.
The invention of the _____________ rail car and later the refrigerated truck and _________ meant that fruits, vegetables, and meats could be ___________ over large distances and arrive _____________
____________are protein-based substances that_________ or speed up ___________ ___________ in living organisms.
Biotech scientists continue to make advances in developing foods that are more__________ higher _____________ and easier to ____________ and ______________
To meet the needs of a growing world population, we will need to increase food production by 25 percent by the year 2050. True/False
A biofortified crop is a crop that has been genetically engineered to contain higher-than normal levels of nutrients needed by humans. True/False
Nutrient deficiencies are a major problem in developed countries because people in developed countries often cannot afford diets high in fresh fruits and vegetables. True/False
Rice and cassava are two important staple crops for people in developing countries. True/False
The developers of Golden Rice are expecting to make a huge profit from the sales of the crop. True/False
People have known for centuries what causes food to spoil. True/False
Canning was developed by the French during the nineteenth century. True/False
Enzymes are what makes the food we eat usable to our bodies. True/False
Rennin is the most important enzyme in chymosin. True/False
The use of genetically altered microorganisms has made food processing and preservation much more affordable. True/False
Identify the difference between macronutrients and micronutrients. Give an example of each type of nutrient.
Explain the functions of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids in the human diet.
What problems do dietary deficiencies of vitamin A and iron cause in humans?
What is Golden Rice?
Why was Golden Rice developed?

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