Questions and Answers of Introduction To Biotechnology

Explain why drying and salting preserve food.
What were two major problems with the original process of canning food?
Explain how the invention of mechanical refrigeration revolutionized the food industry.
Describe the process of freeze-drying food.
_______________is defined as a branch of science concerned with the _____________________ of ________________ and their _______________.
______________ are tests that use ________________ from animal _______________ systems to detect specific _______________ compounds.
______________is defined as a set of techniques that use _________________ _____________________ to cleanup ___________________ wastes in water and soil.
The great advantage of using ________________to combat oil slicks is that we do not have to use ________________ or _______________ such as ______________ to dissolve the oil.
_______________ is the process of plants or trees ________________ or ___________________ pollutants.
Limitations to the processes of _________________ and ______________ include ____________________ _____________________ to certain contamination situations and _____________ concerns.
________________resistant crops also help the ________________ by reducing the amount of _________________ needed.
The development of plants that can grow in ______________________ conditions makes it easier to farm ________________ lands , helping to keep ___________ ___________ such as wetlands and rain forests
___________________ obtained from ____________________ raw materials, is a _____________ _________________ liquid fuel that can be used to replace ______________ diesel fuel in our agricultural
If the United States uses just _______________ percent of its cropland for the production of ________________ all the fuel needed for our ________________ machinery would be produced _______________
Indicator species are organisms that can be used to warn us about pollution in the environment. True/False
Broad-spectrum biosensors are sensitive to just one compound, whereas selective biosensors are sensitive to a wide range of compounds. True/False
The technique of bio stimulation is used to rapidly increase the number of indicator species in an area. True/False
Bacteria are used extensively in environmental biotechnology because of their ability to break compounds down into their component elements. True/False
Researchers are testing the effectiveness of tree bark in cleaning up oil spills. True/False
Phytoremediation is used where pollutants are extensive and extend deep into the soil. True/False
Many people do not want to use bioremediation to treat contaminated soil because they feel that it will have a detrimental effect on the soil and the environment. True/False
Increasing yields on the best farmland will also increase soil erosion in those areas. True/False
Refugia are non—insect-resistant plants that are grown either nearby the biotech crop or mixed with the biotech crops and are used to reduce the development of pesticide-resistant insects.
Biodiesel is far cheaper to produce than traditional petroleum diesel. True/False
What are biosensors, and how do they work?
Explain the process of bioremediation.
Describe the role oleophilic bacteria play in bioremediation.
Explain the process of “no-leach” farming and explain why this practice will decrease the environmental effects of agriculture.
Describe the use of integrated farm management.
How does the use of no-till farming help reduce climate change?
How might the use of biotechnology lead to herbicide-resistant weeds?
What was the Green Revolution?
Agriculture contributed to early bartering and money exchange systems. True/False
One of the first methods for storing food was by producing fruit juice and then fermenting the fruit juice into wine. True/False
Alexander Fleming discovered the antibiotic penicillin accidentally when his experiments with bacteria became contaminated with mold. True/False.
Bull semen has been successfully stored for as long as 30 years. True/False
The first plant was grown in vitro in the 1930s. True/False
Genetic engineering is the only type of biotechnology that scientists are currently using and studying. True/False
Explain the difference between basic research and applied research.
Explain the effect of larger sample size on the significance of differences in results of an experiment.
Using the laws of ______________ particularly those of physical science, to create devices is called ______________.
In order to harness. ____________ _____________ and living organisms for our purposes, scientists have learned to ___________________ basic processes inside cells through________________.
Some scientists are now working in the field of______________ _____________, were biological in the parts and entire ______________ systems may be designed and _____________ in the laboratory.
Through. ____________ scientists and engineers work to improve ____________ ______________, health care, and _______________ _______________.
_____________holds an enormous _____________ for feeding the world's population in an _______________ ________________ way.
Biotech crops have been ________________. to resist. ___________ and certain types of _________________, increasing ____________ and making production easier.
We now have farmed _______ that reach mature size in a __________ of the usual time, goats and cows that produce _________ __________in their milk, medical mice with humanlike ________ systems and
____________looks at the _______________of individual patients to determine causes of disease and to identify _________ that may be most effective.
____________medicine now uses _________ __________ to repair and ________- injured and ____________ tissues
_______________ is the use of information ______________ to store, analyze, sort, label, and share the many ________ sequences generated by _______ _________projects.
Scientists have used both the laws of physical science and the laws of biological science equally in making modern advances in technology. True/False
Genetic engineering is the use of information technology to store, analyze, sort, label, and share the many DNA sequences generated by genome-sequencing projects. True/False
Living organisms are far more complex than machines governed by the laws of physical science. True/False
One of the biggest challenges faced by the rapidly growing human population is how to feed people in developing countries. True/False
Since 1970, the rate of production of cassava has increased more than the amount ofl and used to grow cassava. True/False
The genetic engineering of crops and livestock can cause better growth, higher yields, and shorter generation times. True/False
Biotechnology is more expensive than other types of agricultural technology because producers have to invest in additional machinery. True/False
Biotechnology has been applied to animal science for the past few decades. True/False
Animal cloning 1s the process of making an exact genetic copy of an animal. True/False
Using bacteria to produce human insulin is an example of bioremediation. True/False
Provide at least two definitions of biotechnology.
Define genetic engineering.
Why have biological technologies been slower for scientists to develop than technologies based on physical sciences?
What patterns do we expect to see in human population growth over the next several decades? Why is this growth pattern significant?
Describe at least two ways biotechnology was used by humans throughout history.
List at least four ways biotechnology is currently being used.
Describe how personalized genomics and gene therapy have improved health care.
Why is bioremediation such an exciting development for environmental technology?
In what ways might biotechnology be important for the survival of humans in the future?
The _____________ of the very best _________________ and the saving of ________________from those plants was the genesis of _______________ ______________ and crop production.
We now know that an________________ in the_______________ of the calf called ________________ started the process of _____________ that formed cheese.
The early humans noticed that many ____________ _____________ are good to eat and that some grasses such as ________________ produce abundance of seed that can be ground into a ______________ called
In the mid-___________ s, an Austrian monk named ___________ ___________developed a theory of _______________, or how characteristics or _______________ are transmitted from parents
Pasteur discovered that by_______________ the _______________ from sheep that had contracted and _____________________ the deadly disease of ________________ into _____________ sheep the disease
Dreaded___________ such as_____________ were prevented by an______________ of_________________.
They discovered that_______________ is composed of__________________ units of____________________ ______________ and ________________ and is formed in the shape of a __________________.
Embryo transfer allowed the use of______________________ females to produce ___________________ offspring, which , when combined with ____________ ______________ allowed very _____________ progress
In the 1980s scientists discovered how to transfer bits of __________ information from one ______________ to another allowing the ____________ of_____________ traits in the recipient organisms in a
Ours. ______________, ______________, and__________________ have all been greatly improved through the developments of ________________.
Biotechnology is a relatively new phenomenon. True/False
A purebred strain is a type of plant or animal that results from the crossing or mating of parents that are different. True/False
Gregor Mendel observed his pea plants and found that short-stemmed plants produce only more short-stemmed plants and that long-stemmed plants produce only more long-stemmed plants. True/False
Microbes can function as natural genetic engineers and can complete horizontal gene transfer. True/False
Explain how agriculture supported the development of cities and villages during early human civilization.
Describe Mendel’s law of independent assortment and Mendel’s law of segregation.
List at least three problems of human civilization that have been solved by biotechnology.
Who discovered the cell? What technological advance made this discovery possible?
Why are antibiotics considered “miracle drugs’’?
What do you think it means to say that smallpox has been “eradicated’’?
What are the benefits of artificial insemination and embryo transfer?
What is vertical gene transfer?
What did Watson and Crick discover? Why was this discovery important?
Describe the process of genetic engineering.
The high ____________ of living that modern humans enjoy is to a great degree a direct result of__________ _____________ _______________ advances, and human _____________.
Congress passed the __________ _____________ in 1887, which established ____________ _____________ stations operated by __________ _____________ colleges.
The emergence of modern _____________ has brought about a new set of problems over the _____________ of ____________ ____________ that have been __________ ______________.
To ensure that the findings are of ____________ scientific ___________ should be done on a very ___________ _____________ basis.
A research studies, _______________explains existing ___________ based on the __________ of several different research studies whereas a ________________ is a phenomenon that has been
In _____________ research, ______________ is usually directly related to the researcher's ability to ______________ all the _______________ surrounding the experiment.
_________________ must be_____________ and most times must be___________ or _____________.

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