Questions and Answers of Mechanical And Electrical Systems In Architecture Engineering And Construction

A 23⁄4 in × 5 in × 24 gauge-11⁄4-in steel tube convector has an output of 860 Btu/hr per foot of tube at a fluid temperature of 200°F. A classroom in an elementary school has a heating load of
Design a series loop system, one zone, for the apartments in Appendix A, based on the heat loss calculations for the geographic location where you reside.Appendix A
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of electric heating systems.
What is the primary reason that electric heating systems are used?
What are the types of electric resistance heating systems?
What model code typically governs the installation of electric resistance heating systems?
Determine the output of a 1.5 kW electric resistance heater (100% efficient), in Btu/hr.
A packaged terminal air conditioning unit is specified as “One-ton PTAC with 3.5 kW Electric Heater.” Determine the output of the heater (100% efficient), in Btu/hr.
A packaged terminal air conditioning unit is specified as “One-ton PTAC with 5.0 kW Electric Heater.” Determine the output of the heater (100% efficient), in Btu/hr.
An electric resistance duct heater is rated at 21.5 kW. Determine the output of the heater (100% efficient), in Btu/hr.
One manufacturer’s brand of cabinet heaters is rated from 2 kW to 32 kW. Determine the range of heater output for this brand (100% efficient), in Btu/hr.
Electric resistance baseboard convectors are under consideration for heating a vacation home. The bedroom has a design heating load of 4000 Btu/hr. Identify the length of unit (in feet) needed to
Series A high-output, electric resistance baseboard convectors are under consideration for heating a vacation home. The bedroom has a design heating load of 4800 Btu/hr. Identify the length of unit
Series B high-output, electric resistance baseboard convectors are under consideration for heating a vacation home. The bedroom has a design heating load of 11 000 Btu/hr. Identify the length of unit
Electric baseboard heaters will be used to heat a room with a design heating load of 5050 Btu/hr. Identify the length of each of the following units (in feet) required to meet the load.a. Standard
Electric baseboard heaters will be used to heat a room with a design heating load of 3500 Btu/hr. Identify the length of each of the following units (in feet) required to meet the load.a. Standard
Design an electric baseboard heating system for the residence in Appendix D, based on the heat loss calculations for the geographic location where you reside.Appendix D SHINGLES
Electric baseboard cable imbedded in a ceiling will be used to heat a room with a design heating load of 5050 Btu/hr. Identify the length of cable (in feet) needed to meet the load.
Design a resistance cable heating system for the residence in Appendix D, based on the heat loss calculations for the geographic location where you reside.Appendix D SHINGLES
Electric baseboard cable imbedded in a ceiling will be used to heat a room with a design heating load of 4000 Btu/hr. Identify the length of cable (in feet) needed to meet the load.
Design an electric baseboard heating system for a typical apartment (not the top floor) in Appendix A, based on the heat loss calculations for the geographic location where you reside.Appendix A
At a mountain ski resort, a fan in an AHU is needed to move 15 000 standard cfm (ft3/min) of warm air at a temperature of 120°F. The fan will be installed in a building at an elevation of 5000 ft
A large boiler is rated at 8000 MMBH heating output and will be installed at 5000 ft above sea level. Approximate its actual Btu/hr output at this elevation.
A furnace is rated at 100 000 Btu/hr heating output and will be installed at 6000 ft above sea level. Approximate its actual Btu/hr output at this elevation.
A furnace at a home in a mountain ski resort is rated at 150 000 Btu/hr heating output and will be installed at 10 000 ft above sea level. Approximate its actual Btu/hr output at this elevation.
An air-cooled condenser is rated at 40 tons will be installed at an elevation of 5000 ft (1640 m) above sea level. The manufacturer advises a correction factor of 0.89 at an altitude of 5000 ft (1640
What are the three basic types of heat transfer mediums on active solar systems?
What is the function of a storage medium in the solar energy system?
What are the types of active liquid solar systems and how do they function?
What are the types of active air solar systems and how do they function?
Describe the five necessary elements of a building passive solar design.
Explain the types of passive solar space heating systems and how they function:a. Direct gainb. Thermal storage wall (vented and unvented)c. Roof pondd. Sunspacee. Thermosiphon
Describe the differences between sun-tempered and direct-gain solar systems.
What is the maximum percentage of south-facing window area that can be used to prevent overheating in a sun-tempered building?
What are the types of passive solar water heating systems and how do they function?
Why is supplementary heat often required in solar heating systems?
Explain the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC).
Describe the recommended window performance (i.e., SHGC and U-factor) characteristics for glass used in buildings within 30° to 60° north latitudes for the following glass surfaces:a. South
Identify and describe strategies that can be employed to passively cool a building interior.
Optimum collector tilt is tied to the heating application and collector location. Determine the optimum collector tilt for Boulder, Colorado (40° north latitude) for the following locations:a.
Optimum collector tilt is tied to the heating application and collector location. Determine the optimum collector tilt for Boulder, Colorado (40° north latitude) for the following applications:a.
Optimum collector tilt is tied to the heating application and collector location. Determine the optimum collector tilt for Ely, Minnesota (48° north latitude) for the following applications:a.
Determine the optimum collector tilt for year-round solar heating (i.e., generating domestic and process hot water) at the following locations:a. Fargo, North Dakota (47° north latitude)b. Columbus,
For year-round heating applications (i.e., generating domestic and process hot water), solar collectors should be tilted at an angle relative to the horizontal plane that is approximately equal to
A residence in a temperate climate has a heating load of 720 000 Btu/day on a cold day during the heating season. A solar heating system at the location of the residence can collect, store, and
A residence in a temperate climate has a heating load of 720 000 Btu/day on a cold day during the heating season. A solar heating system at the location of the residence can collect, store, and
A small residence has a domestic hot water load of 105 gal/day at a 90°F temperature rise. A solar system at the location of the residence can collect, store, and deliver about 1350 Btu/day per
A small residence has a domestic hot water load of 90 gal/day at an 80°F temperature rise. A solar system at the location of the residence can collect, store, and deliver about 1350 Btu/day per
Approximate the passive solar glazing area requirements and solar savings fraction for a 2000 ft2 residence at the location where you reside.a. Find the minimum and maximum solar collector (aperture)
Approximate the passive solar glazing area requirements and solar savings fraction for a 2000 ft2 residence in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.a. Find the minimum and maximum solar collector (aperture)
Approximate the passive solar glazing area requirements and solar savings fraction for a 2000 ft2 residence in Seattle, Washington.a. Find the minimum and maximum solar collector (aperture) area.b.
Approximate the passive solar glazing area requirements and solar savings fraction for a 2000 ft2 residence in Phoenix, Arizona.a. Find the minimum and maximum solar collector (aperture) area.b.
Approximate the passive solar glazing area requirements and solar savings fraction for a 2000 ft2 residence in New York City, New York.a. Find the minimum and maximum solar collector (aperture)
A 14 ft by 20 ft master bedroom will be heated with a sun-tempered system. Determine the following:a. The maximum percentage of south-facing glass area that can be used to prevent overheating b. The
A 4.5 m by 6.75 m master bedroom will be heated with a sun-tempered system. Determine the following:a. The maximum percentage of south-facing glass area that can be used to prevent overheatingb. The
A 14 ft by 20 ft master bedroom will be heated with a direct-gain system having a solar savings fraction of 70%. The collector (glass) area will be about 60 ft2. Determine the mass requirements for
A 20 ft by 32 ft room will be heated with a direct-gain system having a solar savings fraction of 40%. The collector (glass) area will be about 60 ft2. Determine the mass requirements for this
A 6 m by 10 m room will be heated with a direct-gain system having a solar savings fraction of 40%. The collector (glass) area will be about 6.5 m2. Determine the mass requirements for this system.a.
A 14 ft by 20 ft master bedroom will be heated with a thermal storage wall. It should have approximately 0.2 to 0.3 ft2 of thermal mass wall surface per ft2 of floor area being heated. Determine the
A 4.5 m by 6.25 m master bedroom will be heated with a thermal storage wall. It should have approximately 0.2 to 0.3 m2 of thermal mass wall surface per m2 of floor area being heated. Determine the
What is the difference between potable and nonpotable water? For what purposes may each be used?
What sources of water supply may be available to a city?
Why should any source of water be tested before the water is used?
What is the basic difference between a community and a private water supply system, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each?
What materials are most commonly used for the pipes and tubing in a building sanitary sewage system?
Identify and describe the function of five common types of plumbing fixtures.
What is a waterless urinal? Why is its use advantageous in place of a conventional urinal?
How and where are the following valves used in the plumbing system?a. Globeb. Gatec. Angled. Checke. Thermostaticf. Metered
Describe the differences between the three types of code-compliance inspections.
The specific weight of water is 62.4 lb/ft3.a. Assuming 7.48 gal/ft3, determine the weight of 1 gal of water.b. Determine the weight of 1 L of water, in N.
A tank contains 500 gal of water. Determine the volume of water in:a. Square feetb. Liters
A pipe carries water at a flow rate of 10 gpm. Determine its volumetric flow rate in:a. ft3/sb. L/min
A 3⁄4 in diameter copper pipe (0.785 in inside diameter) carries water at a flow rate of 10 gpm. Determine the average velocity of the fluid.
A 20 mm diameter copper pipe (19.94 mm inside diameter) carries water at a flow rate of 40 L/s. Determine the average velocity of the fluid.
A pipe carries water at a flow rate of 25 gpm. Determine the minimum inside diameter so that the average velocity of the fluid does not exceed:a. 10 ft/sb. 8 ft/sc. 4 ft/s
A pipe carries water at a flow rate of 90 L/s. Determine the minimum inside diameter so that the average velocity of the fluid does not exceed:a. 3 m/sb. 2 m/sc. 1.4 m/s
Atmospheric pressure is about 14.7 psia. Water pressure at the base of a water tower is 110 psig. Determine the following:a. Gauge pressure at the base of the towerb. Absolute pressure at the base of
Atmospheric pressure is about 80 kPa (absolute). Water pressure at the base of a water tower is 600 kPa (gauge). Determine the following:a. Gauge pressure at the base of the towerb. Absolute pressure
Design a resistance cable heating system for the residence in Appendix D, based on the heat loss calculations for the geographic location where you reside.Appendix D SHINGLES
What is insolation?
Explain the solar constant.
Describe the solar altitude and solar azimuth.
Describe the following forms of solar radiation and explain how they differ:a. Direct (beam) radiationb. Diffuse radiationc. Reflected radiation
With respect to a building, what is the greenhouse effect?
Describe the three basic types of solar systems used in buildings.
What is the solar fraction (SF)?
Identify the components of an active solar system. Explain each.
Describe the operation and differences of the following solar collectors:a. Flat-plate collectorb. Evacuated-tube collectorc. Concentrating collectord. Transpired collector
When a project (building) being designed is going to connect to a community water supply system, what information about the system must be obtained?
How are wells classified, and what methods of construction may be used for each type?
Show with a sketch how a well may be protected from surface water contaminants.
How are wells protected from possible contamination from sewage disposal fields?
What materials are most commonly used for the pipes and tubing in a building water supply system?
What two types of well pumps are used, and what are the limitations of each?
Determine the volume of water contained in a 2 in diameter (nominal) standard weight Schedule 40 steel pipe per foot of length. Use actual pipe dimensions.
Determine the volume of water contained in a 1 in diameter (nominal) copper tube per foot of length. Use actual pipe dimensions.
Determine the volume of water contained in a 1⁄2 in diameter (nominal) copper tube per foot of length. Use actual pipe dimensions.
Design conditions for a piping system are that the pump must deliver water at a flow rate of 120 gpm and generate 100 ft of total dynamic head to overcome the static head and friction head of the
What provisions must be made to provide drainage for fixtures located below the level of the building drain and the sewer?
Why does the designer make sketches of the drainage piping?

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