1. The Court relies heavily on two former cases, Nollan and Dolan. What was the Court’s central concern in these two cases?

2. What did the Water Management District demand of Koontz before it would issue a permit? 

3. Why did the Nollan/Dolan requirements apply to the St. John’s Water Management District?

A landowner brought an action in Florida state court against a water management district, alleging that the district's denial of land use permits on public lands amounted to a taking without just compensation. In a 5-4 decision, the U.S. Supreme Court held that an agency must meet the heightened constitutional scrutiny of the “essential nexus” and “rough proportionality” test before it can impose conditions on proposed development for takins under the Fifth Amendment.