Questions and Answers of Concepts Of Biology

Human populations have which type of survivorship curve?a. Type Ib. Type IIc. Type IIId. Type IV
Species with limited resources usually exhibit a(n) ________ growth curve.a. Logisticb. Logicalc. Experimentald. Exponential
The maximum growth rate characteristic of a species is called its ________.a. Limitb. Carrying capacityc. Biotic potentiald. Exponential growth pattern
The population size of a species capable of being supported by the environment is called its ________.a. Limitb. Carrying capacityc. Biotic potentiald. Logistic growth pattern
Species that have many offspring at one time are usually:a. R-selectedb. K-selectedc. Both r- and K-selectedd. Not selected
A forest fire is an example of ________ regulation.a. Density-dependentb. Density-independentc. R-selectedd. K-selected
A country with zero population growth is likely to be ________.a. In Africab. In Asiac. Economically developedd. Economically underdeveloped
Which type of country has the greatest proportion of young individuals?a. Economically developedb. Economically underdevelopedc. Countries with zero population growthd. Countries in Europe
Which of the following is not a way that humans have increased the carrying capacity of the environment?a. Agricultureb. Using large amounts of natural resourcesc. Domestication of animalsd. Use of
The first species to live on new land, such as that formed from volcanic lava, are called________.a. Climax communityb. Keystone speciesc. Foundation speciesd. Pioneer species
A symbiotic relationship where both of the co-existing species benefit from the interaction is called ________.a. Commensalismb. Parasitismc. Mutualismd. Communism
When an invasive species alters the community structure it is introduced to, what can the consequence be?a. Extinction of economically important speciesb. Reduced predation on some native speciesc.
Describe how a researcher would determine the size of a penguin population in Antarctica using the mark and release method.
Describe the growth at various parts of the S-shaped curve of logistic growth.
Give an example of how density-dependent and density-independent factors might interact.
Describe the age structures in rapidly growing countries, slowly growing countries, and countries with zero population growth.
Describe the competitive exclusion principle and its effects on competing species.
Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false? a. Ammonification converts organic nitrogenous matter from living organisms into ammonium (NH4+).b. Denitrification by
Describe the potential effects when a keystone species is removed from a community.
In which of the following regions would you expect to find photosynthetic organisms? a. The aphotic zone, the neritic zone, the oceanic zone, and the benthic realm.b. The photic zone, the
Decomposers are associated with which class of food web?a. Grazingb. Detritalc. Invertedd. Aquatic
The producer in an ocean grazing food web is usually a ________.a. Plantb. Animalc. Fungid. Plankton
Which term describes the process whereby toxic substances increase along trophic levels of an ecosystem?a. Biomassificationb. Biomagnificationc. Bioentropyd. Heterotrophy
The majority of the water found on Earth is:a. Iceb. Water vaporc. Fresh waterd. Salt water
The process whereby oxygen is depleted by the growth of microorganisms due to excess nutrients in aquatic systems is called ________.a. Dead zoningb. Eutrophicationc. Retrophicationd. Depletion
Which of the following biomes is characterized by abundant water resources?a. Desertsb. Boreal forestsc. Savannad. Tropical wet forests
Which of the following biomes is characterized by short growing seasons?a. Desertsb. Tropical wet forestsc. Arctic tundrad. Savanna
Why is the tundra treeless?a. Lack of sufficient waterb. Permanently frozen groundc. Winters too harshd. Too many fires
Where would you expect to find the most photosynthesis in an ocean biome?a. Aphotic zoneb. Abyssal zonec. Benthic realmd. Intertidal zone
A key feature of estuaries isa. Low light conditions and high productivityb. Salt water and fresh waterc. Frequent algal bloomsd. Little or no vegetation
Compare grazing and detrital food webs. Why would they both be present in the same ecosystem?
Why are drinking water supplies still a major concern for many countries?
The extremely low precipitation of subtropical desert biomes might lead one to expect fire to be a major disturbance factor; however, fire is more common in the temperate grassland biome than in the
In what ways are the subtropical desert and the Arctic tundra similar?
The Svalbard seed vault is located on Spitsbergen island in Norway, which has an arctic climate. Why might an arctic climate be good for seed storage? Data in Figure 21.6
Describe the conditions and challenges facing organisms living in the intertidal zone.
The number of currently described species on the planet is about ________.a. 17,000b. 150,000c. 1.5 million d. 10 milliond. 10 million
A secondary plant compound might be used for which of the following?a. A new crop varietyb. A new drugc. A soil nutrientd. A crop pest
Pollination is an example of ________.a. A possible source of new drugsb. Chemical diversityc. An ecosystem serviced. Crop pest control
Converting a prairie to a farm field is an example of ________.a. Overharvestingb. Habitat lossc. Exotic speciesd. Climate change
Which two extinction risks may be a direct result of the pet trade?a. Climate change and exotic species introductionb. Habitat loss and overharvestingc. Overharvesting and exotic species
What kind of ecosystem are exotic species especially threatening to?a. Desertsb. Marine ecosystemsc. Islandsd. Tropical forests
Certain species of parrot cannot be brought to the United States to be sold as pets. What is the name of the legislation that makes this illegal?a. Red Listb. Migratory Bird Actc. CITESd. Endangered
What is the name of the first international agreement on climate change?a. Red Listb. Montreal Protocolc. International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)d. Kyoto Protocol
Explain how biodiversity loss can impact crop diversity.
Describe two types of compounds from living things that are used as medications.
Describe the mechanisms by which human population growth and resource use causes increased extinction rates.
Explain what extinction threats a frog living on a mountainside in Costa Rica might face.
Describe two considerations in conservation preserve design.
Describe what happens to an ecosystem when a keystone species is removed.
Which of the following does cytosine pair with?a. Guanineb. Thyminec. Adenined. A pyrimidine
The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is ________.a. Mismatch repairb. DNA polymerase proofreadingc. Nucleotide excision repaird. Thymine dimers
How long would the peptide be that is translated from this MRNA sequence: 5'-AUGGGCUACCGA-3'?a. 0b. 2c. 3d. 4
Post-translational control refers to:a. Regulation of gene expression after transcriptionb. Regulation of gene expression after translationc. Control of epigenetic activationd. Period between
Describe the structure and complementary base pairing of DNA.
Active transport must function continuously because __________.a. Plasma membranes wear outb. Cells must be in constant motionc. Facilitated transport opposes active transportd. Diffusion is
In pea plants, round peas (R) are dominant to wrinkled peas (r). You do a test cross between a pea plant with wrinkled peas (genotype rr) and a plant of unknown genotype that has round peas. You end
An organism’s traits are determined by the specific combination of inherited ________.a. Cellsb. Genesc. Proteinsd. Chromatids
Prokaryotes contain a ________chromosome, and eukaryotes contain ________ chromosomes.a. Single-stranded circular; single-stranded linearb. Single-stranded linear; single-stranded circularc.
DNA replicates by which of the following models?a. Conservativeb. Semiconservativec. Dispersived. None of the above
A promoter is ________.a. A specific sequence of DNA nucleotidesb. A specific sequence of RNA nucleotidesc. A protein that binds to DNAd. An enzyme that synthesizes RNA
Portions of eukaryotic mRNA sequence that are removed during RNA processing are ________.a. Exonsb. Capsc. Poly-A tailsd. Introns
The RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in the ________. a. Cytoplasmb. Nucleusc. Nucleolusd. Endoplasmic reticulum
Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells occurs at which level(s)?a. Only the transcriptional levelb. Epigenetic and transcriptional levelsc. Epigenetic, transcriptional, and translational
Describe the organization of the eukaryotic chromosome.
How do the linear chromosomes in eukaryotes ensure that its ends are replicated completely?
Transcribe and translate the following DNA sequence (nontemplate strand): 5'-ATGGCCGGTTATTAAGCA-3'
Describe how controlling gene expression will alter the overall protein levels in the cell.
The smallest unit of biological structure that meets the functional requirements of “living” is the ________.a. Organb. Organellec. Celld. Macromolecule
A typical prokaryotic cell __________________ compared to a eukaryotic cell.a. Is smaller in size by a factor of 100b. Is similar in sizec. Is smaller in size by a factor of one milliond. Is larger
Which of the following fermentation methods can occur in animal skeletal muscles? a. Lactic acid fermentationb. Alcohol fermentationc. Mixed acid fermentationd. Propionic fermentation
If a mutation occurs so that a fungus is no longer able to produce a minus mating type, will it still be able to reproduce?Data in Figure 7.2 (0) (b) Diploid 2n FERTILIZATION Haploid In Diploid
Meiosis produces ________ daughter cells.a. Two haploidb. Two diploidc. Four haploidd. Four diploid
A recessive trait will be observed in individuals that are ________ for that trait.a. Heterozygousb. Homozygous or heterozygousc. Homozygousd. Diploid
Which of the following sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization from the most complex to the least complex level?a. Organelle, tissue, biosphere, ecosystem, populationb. Organ,
The type of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion is called ________.a. Deductive reasoningb. The scientific methodc. Hypothesis-based scienced. Inductive
How many neutrons do (K) potassium-39 and potassium-40 have, respectively?Data in Figure 2.3 1 2 4 Group 1 6 H 1.01 Hydog 11 3 Na 22.99 Sod 7 L 19 Li 6.94 Po 37 5
Using examples, explain how biology can be studied from a microscopic approach to a global approach.
Give an example of how applied science has had a direct effect on your daily life.
Magnesium has an atomic number of 12. Which of the following statements is true of a neutral magnesium atom?a. It has 12 protons, 12 electrons, and 12 neutrons.b. It has 12 protons, 12 electrons, and
Which type of bond represents a weak chemical bond?a. Hydrogen bondb. Ionic bondc. Covalent bondd. Polar covalent bond
An isotope of sodium (Na) has a mass number of 22. How many neutrons does it have?a. 11b. 12c. 22d. 44
Which of the following statements is not true?a. Water is polar.b. Water stabilizes temperature.c. Water is essential for life.d. Water is the most abundant atom in Earth’s atmosphere.
Using a pH meter, you find the pH of an unknown solution to be 8.0. How would you describe this solution?a. Weakly acidicb. Strongly acidicc. Weakly basicd. Strongly basic
The pH of lemon juice is about 2.0, whereas tomato juice's pH is about 4.0. Approximately how much of an increase in hydrogen ion concentration is there between tomato juice and lemon juice?a. 2
An example of a monosaccharide is ________.a. Fructoseb. Glucosec. Galactosed. All of the above
Cellulose and starch are examples of ________.a. Monosaccharidesb. Disaccharidesc. Lipidsd. Polysaccharides
Phospholipids are important components of __________.a. The plasma membrane of cellsb. The ring structure of steroidsc. The waxy covering on leavesd. The double bond in hydrocarbon chains
The monomers that make up proteins are called _________.a. Nucleotidesb. Disaccharidesc. Amino acidsd. Chaperones
Why are hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions necessary for cells?
Why can some insects walk on water?
Explain why water is an excellent solvent.
Explain at least three functions that lipids serve in plants and/or animals.
Explain what happens if even one amino acid is substituted for another in a polypeptide chain. Provide a specific example.
Why does the cis face of the Golgi not face the plasma membrane? Data in figure 3.13 Nucleus Rough ER Golgi apparatus Transport vesicle O cis face 000 。°o Protein
A doctor injects a patient with what he thinks is isotonic saline solution. The patient dies, and autopsy reveals that many red blood cells have been destroyed. Do you think the solution the doctor
When viewing a specimen through a light microscope, scientists use _________ to distinguish the individual components of cells.a. A beam of electronsb. Radioactive isotopesc. Special stainsd. High
The ___________ is the basic unit of life.a. Organismb. Cellc. Tissued. Organ
Which of these do all prokaryotes and eukaryotes share?a. Nuclear envelopeb. Cell wallsc. Organellesd. Plasma membrane
Which of the following is found both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?a. Nucleusb. Mitochondrionc. Vacuoled. Ribosome

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