answer 11-13 and 11-14 please

CASE STUDY 11 Automating Labor On May 24, 2016, former McDonald's CEOs Renst was inter viewed about recent protests for an increase in the minimum wage. Fast-food workers wanted a national minimum wage of $15 per hour. Rens stated that a single $35.000 robotic worker would cost less and be more productive than a $15-an-hour human worker. He also pointed out that pushing for higher wages will only accelerate the adoption of wutomated labor. He might be right A hamburger-making robot built by California-based Momentum Machines can make 400 burgers per hour every hour, without a break. It can grind, grill, and assemble cus tom hurgers more consistently accurately and deanly than its human counterparts. It can completely replace three human fast-food workers. 16 And it's not just fast-food companies that are jumping on the automation bandwagon. In 2018. Focon, a major supplier to Apple Inc. located in China, announced it was investing Stillon after successfully replacing 60.000 factory workers with robots In 2016. The Foxconn Implementation was so successful that nearly 600 other companies are looking at similar automation plans. In Europe, airplane manufacturer Airbus announced a partnership with Japan's Joint Robotics Laboratory to use is HRP-2 and HRP-humanoid robots to assemble its airplanes In the United States, Amazon is using 100.000 Kiva robots at 25 fulfillment centers to help process customer orders!! that by 2030, nearly 500 million workers will be taken out of the current worldwide labor force. They will be replaced by robots with ts higher than 90 percent of the population. Yes, some new jobs will be created to make, program and manage the new robotic workforce What types of jobs will robots take. They will likely take jobs that involve routine physical and mental tasks. In the future you might interact with robots at locks at grocery store checkout lines, ut doctor's offices in operating rooms and on the road leg. self-driving cars Why these types of jobs Consider some of the benefits of an automated labor force versus a human labor force shown in Figure 11-10. Many of the traditional labor costs that come with a human workforce go way with an automated workforce. But there is still a need for human labor. Humans excel at higher- level, nonroutine cognitive tasks What If Labor Doesn't Matter? In 2003. Nicholas Carr wrote a Marnard Business Review article titled "IT Doesn't Matter" He argued that information tech- nology offered a few forward-looking companies a competitive advantage for a short period of time. Once information technol- ogy became widely used and commoditined, it was no longer a source of competitive advantage. Information technology was essential but wasn't strategically important anymore Carr's article was widely discussed and debated. He made a good argument. For example, suppose it's 1915 and you're in the shipping business. You're the first company to start using trucks to deliver goods. All of your competitors use trains or horse- drawn wapons. You've got a competitive advantage because you can deliver more quickly cheapls, and consistently A Brave New Automated World No one fully understands the impact that robotic workers will have on organizations or society as a whole. Researchers estimate Benefits of Automated Labor Benefits of Human Labor 1. No healthcare expenses 2. No time of breaks sick days, or vacations 3. No accidents, injuries workman's compensation sims 4. No unions, arguments complaints, bed attitudes layotts severance packages 5. No smoke brealas, drinking on the job, sexual harassment lawsuits 1. Unique problem solving 2. Create new products 3. Adaptable to rapidly changing environment 4. Integrative systems thinking. 5. Question poorly made decisions 6. No minimum wage raises or paychedes 7. Work 24 hours a day, 365 days a year 6. Prior experience to predict future events 7. Ethical decision making thopefully! interact well with other humans lle, sales). 8. Salet more accurate and more consistent work than humans FIGURE 11-10 Automated Versus Human Labor 11-15. Robots can be trained to do dangerous, stinky, and drivers). Why might these new companies put existing 11-14. Government regulations like higher minimum wage rates, mandatory health Insurance, and complex labor laws might make robots more attractive than human workers because they don't come with these additional costs. Describe how government regulations could be companies out of business? CHAPTER 11 Information Systems Management Once your competitors buy delivery trucks, you lose your competitive advantage. Now the competitive advantage comes from how the trucks are used, not the trucks themselves. The same is true of information technology. Once everyone can use cloud services, they cease to be a source of competitive advantage. Will the same be true of an automated workforce once auto- mated labor becomes widely used? Probably, but what should be more concerning about the widespread adoption of automated labor is this: You are labor. Your ability to earn income may be problematic if you are trying to compete against a horde of inex. pensive automatons. altered to support human workers. QUESTIONS 11-11. How might the automation of labor provide a competitive advantage for forward-looking companies? How would this new competitive advantage be affected if all com petitors in an industry adopted automated workforces? 11-12. Automated workforces may replace certain types of Jobs entirely. Last three implications of an automated workforce for someone seeking a university education. Name three majors that might benefit from an auto- mated workforce. Why might a university need to become nimbler in an era of automated labor? 11-13. List three new types of companies that might be cre- ated from an automated workforce. (e.g., Uber without monotonous work that humans may not want to do. Name a job for which you think robots would be better suited than humans. Describe why you think humans would prefer to turn this job over to a robotic worker 11-16. A personal robot could be purchased for your own use-to reduce your individual costs. It could do all your gardening.cooking, cleaning, home repairs, and so on. Explain why your personal income needs might change with an automated worker in your home. Can your personal robot meet all your needs? 11-17. Robots don't have the desire to stay alive, the desire to procreate or the desire to improve their positions. How might the lack of these human characteristics prevent automatons from becoming our cybernetic overlords