Given the previous analyses based on the observed inter-arrival times between the orders and the times to process them (see the two spreadsheets provided in the previous questions), the site manager hopes to estimate the average number of outstanding orders by modelling the operational process as a waiting line system. Please note that the outstanding orders do not include the orders being processed by the shoppers, but they only include the orders that are received and waiting to be processed. The following diagram illustrates the waiting line model. Tasks: Shopping Checkout & moving to staging area and coming back) i Tasks: Shopping Checkout & moving to staging area (and coming back) Incoming orders Outstanding orders Tasks: Shopping Checkout & moving to staging area (and coming back) Outstanding orders are assigned to in-store shoppers once they complete their current order With 11 in-store shoppers, what is the average number of outstanding orders based on the Pollaczek-Khinchine formula? #1 19 Time of picking items Time fo checkout and Order # (minutes) moving to the staging area (minutes) 27 7 #2 13 4 #3 10 6 #4 17 5 #5 25 25 #6 12 12 #7 7 2 #8 26 11 #9 37 37 #10 18 18 #11 19 #12 33 33 #13 14 14 #14 26 26 #15 31 #16 23 23 #17 39 14 #18 14 4 #19 60 20 #20 41 11 #21 29 11 #22 19 5 #23 34 9 #24 21 6 #25 36 15 31 B B Interarrival_times_(minutes) 2.8 B 6.4 3.5 5 0.1 5 1.5 3.3 B 0.8 - 7.1 0 1 2. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2. 3 4 5 6 0.8 1.2 0.1 12.8 8.1 3.7 3.6 8.1 4.1 0.7 2.7 5.2 3.3 0.5 0.6 10 w TN N