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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a category of diseases that consists of artery disease, coronary heart disease, and stroke. CVD is a worldwide problem and heart disease is the leading cause of death in developing and underdeveloped countries. These facts are frightening because many people have this disease and die from it. Many factors put people at risk for CVD like genetic conditions or family history, physiological conditions, psychological conditions, psychosocial factors, age, and gender.

The interesting thing is, when it comes to gender, women receive less extensive care than men when it comes to heart attacks. Heart attacks in women differ from men, and women are much more likely than a man to die within years of having a heart attack. This is because research on heart attacks has only been done on men. So when women go to the doctor or a hospital and think they have had a heart attack they are not getting properly screened or evaluated for one. The normal signs and symptoms of a heart attack in women are probably being missed or dismissed as something else because they are different from mens signs and symptoms. An example given in the article, Gender matters: heart disease risk in women, says womens bodies go through changes and cause different signs and symptoms of heart attacks. For instance, menopause changes many things in a womans body including hormones, which can alter how things may work in their body. Not only do hormonal changes make a difference in identifying heart attacks in women but also in womens anatomy. The variations in womens bodies compared to mens bodies make it harder to identify and treat heart attacks. For example, in the article Gender matters: heart disease risk in women, women have smaller and lighter coronary arteries than men do. With this it makes it harder to perform angiography, angioplasty, and coronary bypass surgery, thereby reducing a womans chance of receiving a proper diagnosis and having a good outcome. The CNN Health article gives statistical information so you can see the comparison between men and women. About 18.3% of women received coronary artery bypass grafting, which helps improve blood flow to the heart, compared to 20.1% of men. About 50.3% of women versus 59.2% of men had their heart function temporarily supplemented by a mechanical pump. These statistical findings support the fact that women are not being treated properly for heart attacks.

The article I found related covid-19 to CVD. Covid-19 affected patients and this virus caused heart damage. This was seen when labs were taken and showed an increase in the patients enzyme levels. Elevated enzyme levels, like troponin and creatine kinase, indicate there is a leak in the heart and can be a sign that a patient has had a heart attack. The covid-19 infection can also cause inflammation in the heart and increase peoples risk of getting a blood clot. These are only a few of the problems that covid-19 has caused and, if these complications are not addressed, they could possibly lead to other predicaments in the future.