The continuous timing method is used to direct time study a manual task cycle consisting of four elements: a, b, c, and d. Two parts are produced each cycle. Element d is an irregu- lar element performed once every six cycles. All elements were performance rated at 90%. The PFD allowance is 11%. Determine (a) the normalized time for the cycle, (b) the stan- dard time per part, (c) the worker's efficiency if the worker completes 844 parts in an 8-hour shift during which she works 7 hours and 10 min. 6 Element Observed time (min) 0.35 0.60 0.86 1.46