Questions and Answers of Chemistry An Atoms First Approach

Knowing the names of similar chlorine oxyanions and acids, deduce the names of the following:IO-, IO2-, IO3-, IO4-, HIO, HIO2, HIO3, HIO4.
Name the acids illustrated below. a. d. b. e. C. H N 0 CI C S P
Write the formula for each of the following compounds:a. Chromium(VI) oxide b. Disulfur dichloride c. Nickel(II) fluoride d. Potassium hydrogen phosphate e. Aluminum nitride f. Ammonia g.
Classify the bonding in each of the following molecules as ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent.a. H2 b. K3Pc. NaI d. SO2 e. HF f. CCl4 g. CF4 h. K2S
Arrange the atoms and/or ions in the following groups in order of decreasing size. a. 0, 0, 0²- b. Fe²+, Ni²+, Zn²+ c. Ca²+, K+, Cl-
Which of the following would you expect to be more favorable energetically? Explain. a. An H2 molecule in which enough energy is added to excite one electron from the bonding to the antibonding
Arrange the following molecules from most to least polar and explain your order: CH4, CF2Cl2, CF2H2,CCl4, and CCl2H2.
Which is the more correct statement: “The methane molecule (CH4) is a tetrahedral molecule because it is sp3 hybridized” or “The methane molecule (CH4) is sp3 hybridized because it is a
What hybridization is required for central atoms exhibiting trigonal bipyramidal geometry? Octahedral geometry? Describe the bonding of PF5, SF4, SF6, and IF5, using the localized electron model.
Show how 2s orbitals combine to form σ bonding and σ antibonding molecular orbitals. Show how 2p orbitals overlap to form σ bonding, π bonding, π antibonding, and σ antibonding molecular
Two variations of the octahedral geometry (see Table 4.1) are illustrated below.Which of the compounds/ions Br3-, CIF3, XeF4, SF4, PF5, CIF5, and SF6 have these molecular structures? A A B 90° A
Indigo is the dye used in coloring blue jeans. The term navy blue is derived from the use of indigo to dye British naval uniforms in the eighteenth century. The structure of the indigo molecule
Two different compounds have the formula XeF2Cl2. Write Lewis structures for these two compounds, and describe how measurement of dipole moments might be used to distinguish between them.
Consider the following electron configuration: Give four species that, in theory, would have this electron configuration. +(*TEL)+(DEH)2(TED)z(*°D)z(ED)
Pelargondin is the molecule responsible for the red color of the geranium flower. It also contributes to the color of ripe strawberries and raspberries. The structure of pelargondin is:How many σ
What do each of the following sets of compounds/ions have in common with each other? a. SO3, NO3, CO3²- b. 03, SO₂, NO₂™
Four Fe2+ ions are key components of hemoglobin, the protein that transports oxygen in the blood. Assuming that these ions are 53Fe2+, how many protons and neutrons are present in each nucleus, and
A single molecule has a mass of 7.31 × 10-23 g. Provide an example of a real molecule that can have this mass. Assume the elements that make up the molecule are made of light isotopes where the
The first four ionization energies for the elements X and Y are shown below. The units are not kJ/mol.Identify the elements X and Y. There may be more than one correct answer, so explain completely.
In going across a row of the periodic table, electrons are added and ionization energy generally increases. In going down a column of the periodic table, electrons are also being added but ionization
Does the minimization of electron–electron repulsions correlate with Hund’s rule?
Why is it much harder to explain the line spectra of polyelectronic atoms and ions than it is to explain the line spectra of hydrogen and hydrogenlike ions?
The work function is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom on the surface of a metal. How does this definition differ from that for ionization energy?
The laser in an audio CD player uses light with a wavelength of 7.80 × 102 nm. Calculate the frequency of this light.
In going across a row of the periodic table, electrons are added and ionization energy generally increases. In going down a column of the periodic table, electrons are also being added but ionization
What is the physical significance of the value of ψ2 at a particular point in an atomic orbital?
Write the expected electron configurations for each of the following atoms: Sc, Fe, P, Cs, Eu, Pt, Xe, Br.
The first-row transition metals from chromium through zinc all have some biologic function in the human body. How many unpaired electrons are present in each of these first row transition metals in
Using only the periodic table inside the front cover of the text, write the expected ground-state electron configurations for a. The third element in Group 5A. b. Element number 116 (Lv). c. An
An FM radio station broadcasts at 99.5 MHz. Calculate the wavelength of the corresponding radio waves.
Which of the following is true about an individual atom? Explain. a. An individual atom should be considered to be a solid. b. An individual atom should be considered to be a liquid. c. An
You have a chemical in a sealed glass container filled with air. The setup is sitting on a balance as shown below. The chemical is ignited by means of a magnifying glass focusing sunlight on the
Dalton assumed that all atoms of the same element were identical in all their properties. Explain why this assumption is not valid.
Explain the fundamental steps of the scientific method. The scientific method is a dynamic process. What does this mean?
Explain the law of conservation of mass and the law of definite proportion.
Write the symbol of each atom using the format. A ZA
What is the modern view of the structure of the atom?
In an experiment it was found that the total charge on an oil drop was 5.93 × 10-18 C. How many negative charges does the drop contain?
How many protons and neutrons are in the nucleus of each of the following atoms? In a neutral atom of each element, how many electrons are present? a. 7⁹Br b. 81 Br c. 239Pu d. 133Cs e. ³H f.
For each of the following ions, indicate the number of protons and electrons the ion contains. a. Ba²+ b. Zn²+ c. N³- d. Rb+ e. Co³+ f. Te²- g. Br
Confronted with the box shown in the diagram, you wish to discover something about its internal workings. You have no tools and cannot open the box. You pull on rope B, and it moves rather freely.
Account for the fact that the line that separates the metals from the nonmetals on the periodic table is diagonal downward to the right instead of horizontal or vertical.
Explain the difference between the probability density distribution for an orbital and its radial probability.
Why is it much harder to explain the line spectra of polyelectronic atoms and ions than it is to explain the line spectra of hydrogen and hydrogen like ions?
Calculate the longest and shortest wavelengths of light emitted by electrons in the hydrogen atom that begin in the n = 6 state and then fall to states with smaller values of n.
Element 106 has been named seaborgium, Sg, in honor of Glenn Seaborg, discoverer of the first transuranium element. a. Write the expected electron configuration for element 106. b. What other
It takes 476 kJ to remove 1 mole of electrons from the atoms at the surface of a solid metal. How much energy (in kJ) does it take to remove a single electron from an atom at the surface of this
As the weapons officer aboard the Starship Chemistry, it is your duty to configure a photon torpedo to remove an electron from the outer hull of an enemy vessel. You know that the work function (the

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