Do you think that students undergo physiological changes when in potentially stressful situations such as taking a quiz or exam? A sample of statistics students were interrupted in the middle of a quiz and asked to record their pulse rates (beats for a 1-minute period). Ten of the students had also measured their pulse rate while sitting in class listening to a lecture, and these values were matched with their quiz pulse rates. The data appear in Table 4.16 and are stored in QuizPulse10. Note that this is paired data since we have two values, a quiz and a lecture pulse rate, for each student in the sample. The question of interest is whether quiz pulse rates tend to be higher, on average, than lecture pulse rates.

Table 4.16

(a) Define the parameter(s) of interest and state the null and alternative hypotheses.
(b) Determine an appropriate statistic to measure and compute its value for the original sample.
(c) Describe a method to generate randomization samples that is consistent with the null hypothesis and reflects the paired nature of the data. There are several viable methods. You might use shuffled index cards, a coin, or some other randomization procedure.
(d) Carry out your procedure to generate one randomization sample and compute the statistic you chose in part (b) for this sample.
(e) Is the statistic for your randomization sample more extreme (in the direction of the alternative) than the original sample?

Student Quiz 9 10 3 80 56 90 76 71 70 66 52 88 55 70 61 8 75 52 53 47 75 61 78 Lecture 73